2021年 山东 职称英语(理工)如何报名

发布时间:2021-10-04


2021年 山东 职称英语(理工)如何报名

 


下面小编为大家准备了 职称英语(理工) 的相关考题,供大家学习参考。

共用题干
The Arctic Ice is Thawing
Father Christmas may have to move his"workshop"from the North Pole because global warming is thawing the ice beneath his feet and his reindeers'feet as well.His"workshop"is in dire straits.The"platform"for the "workshop"is melting,said Stefan Norris of the World Wildlife Fund environmental group's Arctic Program.
An eight-nation report by 250 scientists published recently predicted the Arctic Ocean could be ice-free in summer by 2100 because of a build-up of heat-trapping gases in the atmosphere,mainly from burning fossil fuels in cars or factories.The North Pole is getting more and more uninhabitable to Father Christmas.______(46)Young people learn that Father Christmas'"workshop"produces millions of gifts delivered
by him on a flying,reindeer-drawn sleigh(雪橇).Hollywood movies like"The Polar Express" tried to make viewers believe that Father Christmas lives at the North Pole._____(47)
The"Fortress of Solitude"is near the North Pole that could be under threat in a warmer world.Alan Boldt, spokesman of the Danish Ministry of Science,suggested ways to rescue Father Christmas.______(48) Another alternative,he argued,would be building some electrical facilities to ensure the ice stays on the North
Pole for him."This should be a subject for the United Nations,"he said."Denmark could build windmills to provide Father Christmas with power."Denmark says Father Christmas'real home is Greenland,which will help, Denmark thinks,to strengthen its position in claiming the sovereignty over the Pole.______(49) "Doesn't he already speak Danish?"Boldt said frostily when asked if Father Christmas would be forced to learn Danish if Denmark won international recognition of its claim to the Pole.Last month's Arctic report said the region is warming twice as fast as the rest of the globe,partly because dark ground or water,once uncovered,soaks up more heat than ice or snow.Finland has been most favored by Father Christmas and it has about 500,000 tourists a year to visit its Christmas center in Rovaniemi in Lapland.______(50)

______(48)
A:However,Nordic nations all reject it by claiming that their countries are his home.
B:Therefore the North Pole is the most attractive place in the world.
C:If Denmark's claim were accepted internationally,it would have the legal right to search for oil and gas at the North Pole.
D:One of them would be building a giant floating ice rink for the workshop if the Pole thaws.
E:Maybe Father Christmas has already moved to Rovaniemi.
F:He may have to move from the North Pole within our children's lifetimes.
答案:D
解析:
空格前一句表明,北极越来越不适合圣诞老人居住了。F项表明圣诞老人或许不得不搬离北极,与之联系最为紧密,且与空格后句子内容相照应。
空格前一句说,好莱坞电影,如《极地快车》,想让观众相信圣诞老人住在北极。选项A则表明,然而北欧国家不同意这种说法,都声称自己的国家才是圣诞老人的故乡。意思正好和上文配得上。
空格前一句说,丹麦科学部发言人提出拯救圣诞老人的几个办法。空格后“Anotheralternative …”表明这讲的是另一种拯救圣诞老人的方法,由此可知,空格处应为拯救圣诞老人的一种方法。选项D符合这个要求。选项D说的就是其中一个办法:如果北极的冰融化,就建造一个浮冰场地,上面可以承载圣诞老人的工场。因此可以确定D项是正确答案。
选项C的句子一开始就用“Denmark's ciaim”重复空格前面一句中的“claiming",从词汇重复上,我们可以判断,填人空格处的句子应该是选项C的句子。我们再从意思上分析一下,丹麦认为,说圣诞老人的故乡是格陵兰岛有助于巩固丹麦声称的自己拥有北极的主权的地位。选项C说,如果丹麦的这一要求得到国际社会认可的话,它就拥有勘测北极的石油和天然气的合法权利。上下文意思是连贯的,所以C项是正确答案。
空格前一句说:" … its Christmas center in Rovaniemi in Lapland.”当看到选项E中重复出现Rovaniemi,就可猜测空格处可能应填选项E的句子。再看意思,前一句说,圣诞老人如此眷顾芬兰,每年约有50万游客来参观Rovaniemi的圣诞中心。选项E的句子说“Maybe FatherChristmas has already moved to Rovaniemi(说不定圣诞老人已经移居Rovaniemi了)",是对前一句“眷顾”的颇为风趣的总结。

共用题干
第三篇

Oil and Economy

Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock,when prices quadrupled,and 1979一1980,when they also almost tripled.Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline.So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?
The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports.Strengthening economic growth,at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere,could push the price higher still in the short term.
Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the l970s.In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the l970s.In Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.
Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were,and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.Energy conservation,a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.Software,consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production.For each dollar of GDP(inconstant prices)in rich economies now use nearly 50%less oil than in 1973.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with$13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25%~0.5%of GDP.That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand,oil-importing emerging economies一to which heavy industry has shifted一have become more energy-intensive,and so could be more seriously squeezed.
One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the 1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline.The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago.In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%,and in 1979 by almost 30%.

From the text we can see that the writer seems_______.
A:optimistic
B:sensitive
C:gloomy
D:scared
答案:A
解析:
根据题干可以定位到第一段的第二句话“Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost$26 a barrel,up from less than $10 last December",说明由于石油输出国决定降低供给量,使得油价上升,所以本题的答案是B选项。D选项不是该现象的主要原因,因为OPEC的相关决定才是能够影响石油价格走势的主要原因。
根据题干可以定位到第三段的第三句话“In Europe , taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past",意思是说“在欧洲,税占汽油零售价的4/5,因此相比以往,原油的价格变化对汽油的影响不会很明显‘”。也就是说税的增加会导致汽油价格的猛涨,而原油价格的变化所带来的影响不会很大。本题一个理解的难度是muted effect,另外一个是 pump p rice0 mute表示“哑巴的、无声的、沉默的”,和effect连用表示“影响不明显”;而pump price是一个很形象的说法,pump指的是“泵”,这里很形象地用pump指代汽油。根据上述分析,可以得出答案是D选项。
根据本题的关键词The estimates in Economic Outlook可以定位到第四段 "The OECD estimates in its latest Economic outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25%~0.5% of GDP"。也就是说,油价的上涨对GDP的影响很小,只占0.25%~0.5%。因此我们可以得出答案是D选项。
通观全文,文章第三段指出“油价的经济影响不会那么严重”,作者指出其原因是“原油价格占汽油价格的比例不高,发达国家对石油的依赖减弱,此次涨价的背景不一样了”。文章最后一段说到这次油价上涨与20世纪70年代的上涨不同,对各国的影响也基本没有反映出来,连物价都基本没有变动,也就是说,油价冲击已经不是那么可怕,所以答案是A选项。
本文作者主要讲的就是这次油价上涨的影响不大。尤其是第三段和最后一段的第一句话,强调人们不必担心此次油价上涨,因为这一次的情况与20世纪70年代不同。由此可见作者的态度是乐观的。

If people didn't perspire,they would die in five minutes.

A:breathe
B:eat
C:sweat
D:drink
答案:C
解析:
本句意思:人如果不排汗,会在五分钟内死去。perspire排汗。sweat出汗;breathe呼吸; eat吃;drink喝。

共用题干
Travel Across Africa
For six hours we shot through the barren(荒芜的)landscape of the Karoo desert in
South Africa. Just rocks and sand and baking sun. Knowing our journey was ending,Daniel and I just wanted to remember all we had seen and done. He used a camera. I used words. I had already finished three notebooks and was into the fourth,a beautiful leather notebook I'd bought in a market in Mozambique.
Southern Africa was full of stories and visions.We were almost drunk on sensations,the roaring(咆哮)of the water at Victoria Falls, the impossible silence of the Okavango Delta in Botswana.
And then the other things:dogs in the streets,whole families in Soweto living in one room,a kilometre from clean water.
As we drove towards the setting sun,a quietness fell over us. The road was empty一we hadn't seen another car for hours.And as I drove,something caught my eye,something moving close enough to touch them,to smell their hot breath. I didn't know how long they had been there next to us.
I shouted to Dan:“Look!”But he was in a deep sleep,his camera lying useless by his feet. They raced the car for a few seconds,then disappeared far behind us,a memory of he- roic forms in the red landscape.
When Daniel woke up an hour later I told him what had happened.
”Wild horses?”he said.”Why didn't you wake me up,Sophia?”
”I tried. But they were gone after a few seconds.”
”Are you sure you didn't dream it?”
”You were the one who was sleeping!”
”Typical”,he said.”The best photos are the ones we never take.”
We checked into a dusty hotel and slept the sleep of the dead.

The horses didn't come near the car.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned
答案:B
解析:
题干意为“丹尼尔和索非亚开车慢慢地穿越热闹的沙漠”。利用题干中的名词 及名词短语 Daniel,Sophia,busy desert作为定位线索,在第一段找到相关句:For six hours we (指Daniel和Sophia) shot through the barren (荒芜的)landscape of the Karoo desert in South Africa,该句意为“我们疾速行驶了6个小时穿越荒芜的南非卡鲁沙漠”。短文中提到的是“疾速行驶”而不是题干中的“慢慢开车”,短文中提到“荒芜的南非卡鲁沙漠”而不是题干中的“热闹的沙漠”,显然题干与短文陈述信息不一致。所以答案为B。该题涉及典型陷阱:偷梁换柱(用不一致的细节信息替换短文中原有的信息)。
题干意为“索非亚在笔记本中写下了她的经历”。利用题干中的名词Sophia, experiences, notebooks作为定位线索,在第一段找到相关句:Knowing our journey was ending,Daniel and I(指Sophia)just wanted to remember all we had seen and done. He used a camera. I(指Sophia)used words. I had already finished three notebooks and was into the fourth,相关句提到“为了记住我们所看见的一切和我们所做的一切,我(索非亚)用文字进行记录,而且已经写完了第三本笔记本,将开始写第四本”。由此可见题干陈述的意思与短文 相关内容一致。所以答案为A。
题干意为“丹尼尔拍了些尼罗河的照片”。利用题干中的名词及名词短语 Daniel , photos , the Nile Rive作为定位线索,结果发现“尼罗河”一词在短文中根本没有出现,因此“尼罗河”是短文中没有提及的信息。而且短文只在第一段提到丹尼尔用照相机记录他在 非洲的所见所闻,没有具体提到他用相机拍摄了什么,因此丹尼尔是否用相机拍摄了尼罗河的 照片是短文中未提及的信息。所以答案为C。
题干意为“丹尼尔和索非亚看到了很多精彩的东西”。利用题干中的名 词及名词短语Daniel, Sophia, a lot of wonderful things作为定位线索,结果发现第二段和第三段主要讲述他们在非洲看到了很多精彩的东西(咆哮的维多利亚瀑布等)。因此题干陈述的意义与短文中的相关意义一致。所以答案为A。题干其实就是对短文中相关 内容的概括总结。 提示:有的题干句是一个概括句,是对短文中相关内容的概括总结。
题干意为“在驾车途中,丹尼尔和索非亚看到了野马”。利用题干中的名词 及名词短语Daniel, Sophia, wild horses作为定位线索,这样找到相关句:When Daniel woke up an hour later I(指Sophia)told him what had happened.”Wild horses?”he said.”Why didn't you wake me up,Sophia?”,相关句提到“一个小时后当丹尼尔醒过来的时候我告诉了他所发生的事情。他说‘野马?你为什么没有叫醒我呢?”,这表明丹尼尔没有看到野马,因此题干陈述的信息与短文相关信息不一致。所以答案为B。
题干意为“那些马没有靠近汽车”。利用题干中的名词horses, car作为定位 线索,这样找到相关句:And as I drove(与car呼应),something caught my eye, something moving close enough to touch them, to smell their hot breath(与horses呼应),相关句意为 “在我开车的途中,有什么东西引起了我的注意,这个东西离我们很近,以至于我都能感受到它们(野马)呼出的热气”。由此可见那些野马曾经靠近过索非亚驾驶的汽车,因此题干陈述的意义与短文中的相关内容不一致。所以答案为B。
题干意为“索非亚唤醒了丹尼尔以便他能拍下那些野马的照片”。在解答第五题时曾经了解到这样的信息:一个小时后当丹尼尔醒过来的时候我(索非亚)告诉了他所发生的事情。这说明丹尼尔是自己醒过来的,而不是被索非亚叫醒的。可见题干陈述的信息与短文中的相关信息不一致。所以答案为B。

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