2021年 浙江 职称英语(理工)如何报名

发布时间:2021-10-04


2021年 浙江 职称英语(理工)如何报名

 


下面小编为大家准备了 职称英语(理工) 的相关考题,供大家学习参考。

共用题干
The Greatest Mystery Of Whales

The whale is a warm-blooded,air-breathing animal,giving birth to its young alive,
sucking them一and,like all mammals,originated on land.There are many_________
(1)of this. Its front flippers(鳍状肢),used for steering and stability,are traces of feet.
Immense strength is_________(2)into the great body of the big whales,and in
fact most of a whale's body is one gigantic muscle.The blue whale's pulling strength has
been estimated_________(3)400 horsepower. One specimen was reported to have
towed(拖)a whaling vessel for seven hours at the_________(4)of eight knots (节).
An angry whale will_________(5)a ship.A famous example of this was the fate
of whaler Essex,_________(6)was sunk off the coast of South America early in the
last century. More recently,steel ships have_________(7) their plates buckled(使弯
曲)in the same way. Sperm whales(抹香鲸)were known to seize the old-time
whaleboats in their jaws and crush them.
The greatest_________(8)of whales is their diving ability.The sperm whale dives
to the bottom for his_________(9) food, the octopus(章鱼).In that search he is
known to go as far down as 3, 200 feet,where the_________(10)is 1,400 pounds,to
a square inch.Doing so he will_________(11)underwater long as one hour. Two
special skills are involved in this:storing up enough_________(12)(all whales are air-
breathed)and tolerating the great change in pressure.Just how he does it scientists have
not_________(13).It is believed that some of the oxygen is stored in a special
_________(14)of blood vessels,rather than just held in the lungs.And it is believed
that a special kind of oil in his head is some sort of compensating mechanism that
_________(15)adjusts the internal pressure of his body.But since you can't bring a
live whale into the laboratory for study,no one knows just how these things work.

_________(8)
A:interest
B:job
C:danger
D:mystery
答案:D
解析:

共用题干
Water一the Issue of This Century
The world is running short of freshwater. Populations are growing bigger and thirstier (渴的),with the result that freshwater is becoming increasingly scarce(缺乏).Half the world's wetlands have disappeared during the last century,while estimates suggest that wa- ter use will rise by 50% in the next 30 years.
The World Bank report estimates that as much as half of the world's population,concentrated in Africa,the Middle East and south Asia,will face“severe water shortages”by 2025.Local water conflicts and the loss of freshwater ecosystems appear large in some re- gions.
A similar picture emerges from the globe's salt water regions. Three-quarters of the world's people may live within 100km of the sea in 2025,putting even more pressure on stretched coastal ecosystems. Two thirds of fisheries(渔业)are exploited at or beyond their sustainable limits, and half the world's coral reefs(珊瑚礁)may perish in 100 years. Almost 60% of coral reefs and 34% of fish species are at risk from human activities,the Bank says.
The report concludes that there is ample evidence to justify immediate and coordinated action to safeguard supplies and use water more efficiently.
Fresh water consumption is rising quickly,and the availability of water in some regions is likely to become one of the most pressing issues of the 21st century.
A third of the world's popu1ation一around two billion people一live in countries that are experiencing moderate to high water shortages.That proportion could rise to half or more in the next 30 years unless institutions(制度)change to ensure better conservation and alloca- tion of water.
China is one country where the portents(征兆)are gloomy. The most waterstressed country in East Asia,China is exploiting 44%of its usable water,a figure projected to rise to6O%by 2020.Primary withdrawal of water of more than 60%is widely considered by water experts to exceed the environmental carrying capacity of a river basin system. Although
China's total use appears still to be reasonable,it has several basins that are severely stressed environmentally.
Withdrawals exceed environmental limits in Afghanistan and Pakistan,and will exceed them in India by 2020.In the Middle East and North Africa,only Morocco has unexploited water resources.The rest have exceeded environmental limits and many are mining aquifers (蓄水层)一bodies of water-bearing rock一the report says.

The World Bank report implies that urgent action should be taken to protect water supplies.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned
答案:A
解析:
题干意为“据估计,30年以后水的使用量将增加50%”。利用题干中的细节 信息词/短语water use, 50% , next 30 years作为定位线索,在短文第一段中寻找到相关句: The world is running short of fresh water. Populations are growing bigger and thirstier(渴 的),with the result that freshwater is becoming increasingly scarce(缺乏).Half the world's wetlands have disappeared during the last century,while estimates suggest that water use will rise by 50% in the next 30 years.相关句(带下划线的句子)意为“在上个世纪的100年里世界上一半的沼泽地已经消失了,而依据人们的估计来看,30年后水的使用量将增加50%”, 很明显题干陈述的意义与短文中的相关内容一致,因此题干陈述了正确的信息。所以答案为A。
题干意为“大多数发达国家20年以后将面临水的短缺问题”。利用题干中 的细节信息词/短语most developed countries, water shortages, in 20 years作为定位线索, 结果发现most developed countries根本没有在短文中出现,短文中也没有具体提到发达国家水短缺的情况,因此题干陈述的信息是短文中未提及的信息。所以答案为C。
题干意为“到了2025年,地球上大多数的人可能会生活在距离海洋100公 里的范围里”。利用题干中的细节信息短语most of the world's population, 100km of the sea, in 2025作为定位线索,这样在第三段中找到相关句:A similar picture emerges from the globe's salt water regions. Three-quarters of the world's people(与题干中的most of the world's population呼应)may live within 100km of the sea in 2025 , putting even more pressure on stretched coastal ecosystems. Two thirds of fisheries(渔业)are exploited at or beyond their sustainable limits, and half the world's coral reefs(珊瑚礁)may perish in 100 years.Almost 60% of coral reefs and 34% of fish species are at risk from human activities, the Bank says.相关句(第三段第二句)提到“到2025年,世界上3/4的人将可能生活在距离海洋100公里的范围里”,显然题干陈述的意义与短文相关内容一致。所以答案为A。到目前为 止,在完成的3道题的答案里出现了2个A,1个C,剩下的4道题肯定至少会出现1-3个 B,因此如果考虑节约答题时间,剩下的4小题全选B,这样在该阅读理解题上就通过完成3 小题而直接拿到5小题的分数(即拿到5分!)
题干意为“几乎所有的珊瑚礁都可能在10。年后消失”。利用题干中的细节 信息短语almost all coral reefs, in 100 years作为定位线索,这样在第三段中找到相关句:A similar picture emerges from the globe's salt water regions. Three-quarters of the world's people may live within 100km of the sea in 2025,putting even more pressure on stretched coastal ecosystems. Two thirds of fisheries(渔业)are exploited at or beyond their sustainable limits,and half the world's coral reefs(珊瑚礁)may perish in 100 years.Almost 60% of coral reefs and 34% of fish species are at risk from human activities, the Bank says.相关句(第三段倒数第二句)意为“2/3的渔业开发已经处于可承受的边缘,甚至超出了可承受的范围,世界上一半的珊瑚礁可能会在100年后消失”。短文提到“一半的珊瑚礁”可能会在100年后消失,而不是“几乎所有的珊瑚礁”可能会在100年后消失,因此题干陈述的信息与短文内 容不一致。所以答案为B。
题干意为“大西洋中的一些鱼类正处于危险的状况中”。利用题干中的细节 信息词/短语some species of fish, Atlantic, dangerously low levels作为定位线索,在第三段 中寻找到相关句:A similar picture emerges from the globe's salt water regions. Three-quarters of the world's people may live within 100km of the sea in 2025,putting even more pressure on stretched coastal ecosystems. Two thirds of fisheries(渔业) are exploited at or beyond their sustainable limits,and half the world's coral reefs(珊瑚礁)may perish in 100 years. Almost 60% of coral reefs and 34% of fish species are at risk from human activities, the Bank says.相关句(带下划线的句子)提到“世界银行说几乎有60%的珊瑚礁和34%的鱼 类因为人类的活动而处于危险的状况中”,这个句子陈述的是全世界鱼类的情况,至于在大西洋是否也是这样,该句中没有提到,依据该句意义也无法推断出大西洋地区鱼类的情况。短文中的其他句子没有再提及鱼类的情况,由此可判断出题干陈述的信息是短文中未提及的信 息。所以答案为C。
题干意为“世界银行的报告意味着应该采取紧急行动来保护水资源的供 应”。利用题干中的细节信息词/短语the World Bank report, urgent action, water supplies 作为定位线索,在第四段中寻找到相关句:The report(指上文中提到的世界银行的报告) concludes that there is ample evidence to justify immediate and coordinated action to safe- guard supplies and use water more efficiently.第四段是一个独立成段句,该段意为“那份报告得出的结论是有大量的证据证明应该立刻采取协调一致的行动来保护水资源的供应,并更有效地使用水资源”。显然题干陈述的意义与短文中的相关意义一致,因此答案为A。
题干意为“印度(现在)超过了水资源的环境使用极限”。利用题干中的细节 信息词/短语India , environmental limits , water use作为定位线索,在最后一段中寻找到相关句:Withdrawals(与上文中提到的withdrawal of water<水资源的使用>呼应)exceed environmental limits in Afghanistan and Pakistan,and will exceed them in India by 2020.In the

共用题干
Computer Plug-in

1.Life on the Internet can be enriched if you don't restrict yourself to just written words and still pictures.Even if you are a newcomer to the Internet world,you've probably heard about multi-media on-line一listening to radio,watching animations and videos,even playing in three-dimensional space.Sound and movement make information come alive.
2.In order to experience that,some special pieces of software called plug-ins are necessary. The term"plug-in"refers to a small,add-on piece of software which extends the capabilities of your web browser,like Netscape Navigator or Microsoft Explorer,turning your computer into a radio or TV.
3.When you open a web page with a file requiring a plug-in which you don't have.you will usually receive a message asking if you want to get it by downloading it and installing it into your computer. Most of the time,the installation will be automatic.
4.Occasionally,you come across a downloaded file which needs to be decompressed or unzipped before installation.Once installed,plug-ins run automatically,without you having to do anything.
5.Many multimedia controls still need to be obtained from the developer but are installed automatically.
6.Shockwave is a typical example of it. All you need to do is go to the Macromedia site and click on the link to install the ActiveX control.The rest happens automatically.The next time you go to a"Shocked"website,the Shockwave control loads and plays the movie.
7.Most plug-ins and controls can be downloaded for free on the Internet,although not all will work with every system.Some of them,for instance,only work with Windows 95.

Paragraph 3_______
A:Life online can be colorful.
B:How plug-ins are installed.
C:Plug-ins should not be absent if you want to enjoy the Internet.
D:How Shockwave is installed and used.
E:No money is charged for the use of plug-ins.
F: The developer's permission is needed before you install a plug-in.
答案:B
解析:
本题考查的是对所读材料大意与主旨的掌握。第一段第一句提到:"Life on the Internet can be enriched if you don't restrict yourself to just written words and still pictures."当你不再局限于敲打文字和浏览静止的图片时,你的网上生活会变得丰富多彩许多。所以主旨句选A网上的生活可以很丰富多彩。
本题考查的是对所读材料大意与主旨的掌握。第二段第一句提到:" In order to experience that , some special piece of software called plug-ins are necessary.”要体验这些功能,那些被叫作“插件”的特殊软件就必不可少了。所以选C如果你要享受因特网,插件不可或缺。
本题考查的是对所读材料大意与主旨的掌握。第三段主要介绍了插件安装的流程,所以选B插件是如何安装的。
本题考查的是对所读材料大意与主旨的掌握。第六段是对第五段内容的范例解释,以Shockwave插件的安装为例,所以选D Shockwave插件如何安装和使用。
本题考查的是对文章阐述的事实与细节的了解。题目是:术语“插件”指的是一个附加的小软件,它能够扩展你的网络浏览器的______。选择F的依据是第二段第二句:" The term plug-in refers to a small , add-on piece of software which extend the capabilities of your web browser…”术语“插件”指的是一个附加的小软件,它能够扩展你的网络浏览器的性能……所以选F性能。
本题考查的是对文章阐述的事实与细节的了解。题目是:插件一旦安装,就______运行,无须做任何事。依据是:本文在第四段的最后一句提到“Once installed, plug-ins run automatically , without you having to do anything.”一旦安装完毕,插件就会自动运行,无须你做任何事。所以选D自动地。
本题考查的是对文章阐述的事实与细节的了解。题目是:许多多媒体的控制程序仍需从开发商处______,不过都是自动安装的。选E的依据第五段:" Many multi-media controls still need to be obtained from the developer but are installed automatically.”许多多媒体的控制程序仍需从开发商处索取,不过都是自动安装的。所以选E获取。
本题考查的是对文章阐述的事实与细节的了解。题目是:大多数插件和控制程序可以从因特网上______下载。依据是第七段第一句:" Most plug-ins and controls can be downloaded for free on the Internet...”大多数插件和控制程序可以从因特网上免费下载……所以选A免费。

共用题干
Learn about Light
1 .Ancient civilizations were amazed by the existence of light for thousands of years. The Greek philosophers believed that light was made up of countless,tiny particles that enter the human eye and create what we call vision. However,Empedocles and a Dutch scientist named Christian Huygens believed that light was like a wave. According to them,light spread out and travelled like a straight line. This theory was accepted during the 19th century.
2 .In 1905,Albert Einstein published a research paper in which he explained what is re-ferred to as the photoelectric effect. This theory explains that particles make up light.The particles Einstein was referring to are weightless bundles(束)of electromagnetic(电磁)energy called photons(光子).Today,scientists agree that light has a dual(二重)nature一it is part particle and part wave. It is a form of energy that allows us to see things around us.
3 .Things that give off light are known as sources of light. During the day,the primary source of light is the sun. Other sources of light include stars,flames,flashlights,street lamps and glowing gases in glass tube.
4 .When we draw the way light travels we always use straight lines. This is because nor-mally light rays travel in a straight line. However,there are some instances that can change the path and even the nature of light. They are reflection,absorption,interference(干扰), etc.
5 .Physicists have attempted to measure the speed of light since the early times. In 1849, Hippolyte Fizeau conducted an experiment by directing a beam of light to a mirror located kilometers away and placed a rotating cogwheel(旋转齿轮)between the beam and the mirror. From the rate of rotation of the wheel,number of wheel's teeth and distance of the mirror,he was able to calculate that the speed of light is 313 million meters per second. In a vacuum(真空),however,the speed of light is 299,792,458 meters per second. This is about a million times faster than the speed of an airplane.

Some instances such as reflection and absorption can change______.
A: sources of light
B: the speed of light
C: the path of light
D: a straight line
E: a beam of light
F: a form of energy
答案:C
解析:
该概括大意与完成句子所选的阅读材料为记述文,段落主题相对于论述文而言较松散,因此记述文中的段落大意往往需要考生根据自己的理解而归纳概括出来。解答概括大意题的技巧往往派不上用场。第二段主要讲述现代科学家认同了爱因斯坦的光电效应理论。因此可以判断A选项“当今人们如何解释光的性质”正确。
第三段第一句“Things that give off light are known as sources of light.”就点明主旨,发光的物体是光源。所以B选项“什么是光源?”正确。
第四段主要讲述光传播的问题,所以D选项“光是如何传播的”正确。
第五段的关键字是speed of light,光速。所以C选项“物理学家如何测量光的速度”正确。
题干意为“人们可以看见物体是因为光……。“从第二段最后一句可知,人们看见物体是因为光是一种能量。所以F项a form of energy正确的。
题干意为“星星、火焰、手电筒都是……的例子。”第三段“Other sources of light include stars , flames , flashlights...”说明,这些都是光源的例子。所以A选项sourcesof light是正确的。
题干意为“某些情况下,如反射和吸收可以改变……。”第四段中“there are some instances that can change the path and even the nature of light.They are reflection,ab-sorption , interference , etc.”这说明有一些情况可以改变光的路径。所以C选项the path of light是正确的。
题干意为“Hippolyte Fizeau做了一个刚试……的实验。”文中最后一段 “Hippolyte Fizeau conducted an experiment by directing a beam of light to a mirror...he was able to calculate that the speed of light...”可知Hippolyte Fizeau通过实验计算出了光速。所以B选项是正确的。

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