2021年 宁夏 职称英语(理工)如何报名
发布时间：2021-10-04
2021年 宁夏 职称英语(理工)如何报名
下面小编为大家准备了 职称英语(理工) 的相关考题，供大家学习参考。
共用题干
Why India Needs Its Dying Vultures
The vultures（秃鹰）in question may look ugly and threatening , but the sudden sharp decline in three
species of India'S vultures is producing alarm rather than celebration,and it presents the world with a new
kind of environmental problem.The dramatic__________(51)in vulture numbers is causing widespread
disruption to people living in the__________(52)areas as the birds.It is also causing serious public health
problems__________(53)the Indian sub-continent.
While their reputation and appearance may be unpleasant to many Indians,vultures have___________(54)
played a very important role in keeping towns and villages all over India___________(55).It is because they
feed on dead cows.In India,cows are sacred animals and are___________(56) left in the open when they
die in thousands upon thousands every year.
The disappearance of the vultures has___________(57)an explosion in the numbers of wild dogs
feeding on the remains of these___________(58)animals. There are fears that rabies（狂犬症）may increase as
a result. And this terrifying disease may ultimately（最终）affect humans in the region,___________(59)wild
dogs are its main carriers.Rabies could also spread to other animal species, __________(60)an even
greater problem in the future.
The need for action is___________(61),so an emergency project has been launched to find a solution
to this serious vulture problem?Scientists are trying to___________(62)the disease causing the birds'
deaths and,if possible,develop a cure.
Large-scale vulture___________(63)were first noticed at the end of the l980s in India. A population
survey at that time showed that the three species of vultures had declined___________(64)over 90 per
cent. All three species are now listed as"critically endangered".As most vultures lay only single eggs and
___________(65)about five years to reach maturity,reversing their population decline will be a long and dif-
ficult exercise.
Why India Needs Its Dying Vultures
The vultures（秃鹰）in question may look ugly and threatening , but the sudden sharp decline in three
species of India'S vultures is producing alarm rather than celebration,and it presents the world with a new
kind of environmental problem.The dramatic__________(51)in vulture numbers is causing widespread
disruption to people living in the__________(52)areas as the birds.It is also causing serious public health
problems__________(53)the Indian sub-continent.
While their reputation and appearance may be unpleasant to many Indians,vultures have___________(54)
played a very important role in keeping towns and villages all over India___________(55).It is because they
feed on dead cows.In India,cows are sacred animals and are___________(56) left in the open when they
die in thousands upon thousands every year.
The disappearance of the vultures has___________(57)an explosion in the numbers of wild dogs
feeding on the remains of these___________(58)animals. There are fears that rabies（狂犬症）may increase as
a result. And this terrifying disease may ultimately（最终）affect humans in the region,___________(59)wild
dogs are its main carriers.Rabies could also spread to other animal species, __________(60)an even
greater problem in the future.
The need for action is___________(61),so an emergency project has been launched to find a solution
to this serious vulture problem?Scientists are trying to___________(62)the disease causing the birds'
deaths and,if possible,develop a cure.
Large-scale vulture___________(63)were first noticed at the end of the l980s in India. A population
survey at that time showed that the three species of vultures had declined___________(64)over 90 per
cent. All three species are now listed as"critically endangered".As most vultures lay only single eggs and
___________(65)about five years to reach maturity,reversing their population decline will be a long and dif-
ficult exercise.
_________(62)
A:prove
B:identify
C:test
D:check
A:prove
B:identify
C:test
D:check
答案：B
解析：
由本段第一句“… but the sudden sharp decline in three species of India ' s vultures...”可缸 此处是说秃鹰数量急剧下降。
由空后的"as”可知此处是考查固定搭配hte same as (和……相同的）。这里是说“和这些鸟住在同一地区的 人。
此处只能填across(在……各处，遍及），此处across the Indian sub-continent 表示"整个 印度次大陆"。above（在……上方）with (伴随，和……一起），through（穿越）用在此处均不合适。
第一段说秃鹰的急剧减少是一种警示而非值得庆贺的事，这给当地居民的生活带来了 很大的不便并造成了新的环境问题。这说明秃鹰在保护该区的环境上作用很大，所以秃鹰 不会是很少（rarely/seldom）起作用，或最近（recently)才起作用。只有选long（长期以来一直） 起作用才合乎上下文的意思。
下文说秃鹰以牛的尸体为食，秃鹰的急剧减少，导致同样以牛的尸体为实物的野狗大量繁殖，而狗是狂犬病毒的主要携带者，所以说秃鹰的存在对整个印度城乡环境的清洁起了很 大的作用。其他选项均不符合题意。smelly意为“难闻的，有臭味的”。
文章说，在印度，牛是一种神圣的动物，每年有成千上万头牛死亡后尸体暴露在野外。既然是这样，这些牛的尸体就不会是偶尔（occasionally)、立即（immediately）或几乎不（hardly) 暴露在野外。所以traditionally（历来，传统上）是正确答案。
本段第一句表达的是因果关系。"The disappearance of the vultures”是因，"an explosion in the numbers of wild dogs feeding on the remains of...”是果。lead to（导致）可以表达因果关 系，所以选A。
联系上文可知此处的“these…animals”指的是前边的死去的牛。这里是说，以牛的尸体 为食的秃鹰大量减少后，同样以此为食的野狗数量激增。
前边讲这种可怕的疾病最终可能会影响人类，空后说野狗是这种疾病病毒的主要携带 者，可见前后为因果关系，前边为果，后边是因。since可以表示“因为”，符合语境。
由后边的“an even greater problem”并联系前文即可确定答案为D。
从后面的“an emergency project has been launched（已启动了应急方案）”可以推断出要 选的形容词是urgent (紧迫的）。
科学家们是在寻找引起秃鹰死亡的疾病，如果可能的话找到治愈方法。identify表示 “找到，发现”，符合语境。prove（证明）,test (测试）,check(核实，检查）不合语境。
本段说秃鹰数量急剧减少，其中三种已被列为濒危物种。本题选deaths，正好与本段后 面一句“All three species are now listed as 'critically endangered'.”所表达的意思相照应。本句 的意思是，大规模的秃鹰死亡于19世纪80年代末在印度首次被注意到。
在四个选项中，along, on,in明显不合适。by有“到……的程度”的意思。"...the three species of vultures had declined by over 90 per cent”的意思是“……三种秃鹰的数量减少了 90％以上”。
“花费或用多少时间”英语的常用表达法是“……take＋时间＋其他”。故take是正确答 案。consume指“消耗”，虽也可指消耗时间，但用在这儿不如take合适。
由空后的"as”可知此处是考查固定搭配hte same as (和……相同的）。这里是说“和这些鸟住在同一地区的 人。
此处只能填across(在……各处，遍及），此处across the Indian sub-continent 表示"整个 印度次大陆"。above（在……上方）with (伴随，和……一起），through（穿越）用在此处均不合适。
第一段说秃鹰的急剧减少是一种警示而非值得庆贺的事，这给当地居民的生活带来了 很大的不便并造成了新的环境问题。这说明秃鹰在保护该区的环境上作用很大，所以秃鹰 不会是很少（rarely/seldom）起作用，或最近（recently)才起作用。只有选long（长期以来一直） 起作用才合乎上下文的意思。
下文说秃鹰以牛的尸体为食，秃鹰的急剧减少，导致同样以牛的尸体为实物的野狗大量繁殖，而狗是狂犬病毒的主要携带者，所以说秃鹰的存在对整个印度城乡环境的清洁起了很 大的作用。其他选项均不符合题意。smelly意为“难闻的，有臭味的”。
文章说，在印度，牛是一种神圣的动物，每年有成千上万头牛死亡后尸体暴露在野外。既然是这样，这些牛的尸体就不会是偶尔（occasionally)、立即（immediately）或几乎不（hardly) 暴露在野外。所以traditionally（历来，传统上）是正确答案。
本段第一句表达的是因果关系。"The disappearance of the vultures”是因，"an explosion in the numbers of wild dogs feeding on the remains of...”是果。lead to（导致）可以表达因果关 系，所以选A。
联系上文可知此处的“these…animals”指的是前边的死去的牛。这里是说，以牛的尸体 为食的秃鹰大量减少后，同样以此为食的野狗数量激增。
前边讲这种可怕的疾病最终可能会影响人类，空后说野狗是这种疾病病毒的主要携带 者，可见前后为因果关系，前边为果，后边是因。since可以表示“因为”，符合语境。
由后边的“an even greater problem”并联系前文即可确定答案为D。
从后面的“an emergency project has been launched（已启动了应急方案）”可以推断出要 选的形容词是urgent (紧迫的）。
科学家们是在寻找引起秃鹰死亡的疾病，如果可能的话找到治愈方法。identify表示 “找到，发现”，符合语境。prove（证明）,test (测试）,check(核实，检查）不合语境。
本段说秃鹰数量急剧减少，其中三种已被列为濒危物种。本题选deaths，正好与本段后 面一句“All three species are now listed as 'critically endangered'.”所表达的意思相照应。本句 的意思是，大规模的秃鹰死亡于19世纪80年代末在印度首次被注意到。
在四个选项中，along, on,in明显不合适。by有“到……的程度”的意思。"...the three species of vultures had declined by over 90 per cent”的意思是“……三种秃鹰的数量减少了 90％以上”。
“花费或用多少时间”英语的常用表达法是“……take＋时间＋其他”。故take是正确答 案。consume指“消耗”，虽也可指消耗时间，但用在这儿不如take合适。
共用题干
Thirst for Oil
Worldwide every day,we devour the energy equivalent of about 200 million barrels of oil.
Most of the energy on Earth comes from the Sun.In fact enough energy from the Sun hits the planet's surface each minute to cover our needs for an entire year,we just need to find an efficient way to use it. So far the energy in oil has been cheaper and easier to get at. But as supplies dwindle,this will change,and we will need to cure our addiction to oil.
Burning wood satisfied most energy needs until the steam-driven industrial revolution,when energy-dense coal became the fuel of choice.Coal is still used,mostly in power stations,to cover one quarter of our energy needs,but its use has been declining since we started pumping up oil.
Coal is the least efficient,unhealthiest and most environmentally damaging fossil fuel,but could make a comeback,as supplies are still plentiful:its reserves are five times larger than oil's.
Today petroleum,a mineral oil obtained from below the surface of the Earth and used to pro- duce petrol,diesel oil and various other chemical substances,provides around 40% of the world's energy needs,mostly fuelling automobiles.The US consumes a quarter of all oil,and generates a similar proportion of greenhouse gas emissions.
The majority of oil comes from the Middle East,which has half of known reserves.But other significant sources include Russia,North America,Norway,Venezuela and the North Sea.
Alaska's Arctic National Wildlife Refuge could be a major new US source,to reduce reliance on foreign imports.
Most experts predict we will exhaust easily accessible reserves within 50 years,though opinions and estimates vary.We could fast reach an energy crisis in the next few decades,when demand exceeds supply.As conventional reserves become more difficult to access,others such as oil shales and tar sands may be used instead.Petrol could also be obtained from coal.
Since we started using fossil fuels,we have released 400 billion tonnes of carbon,and burn- ing the entire reserves could eventually raise world temperatures by 13℃．Among other horrors, this would result in the destruction of all rainforests and the melting of all Arctic ice.
Thirst for Oil
Worldwide every day,we devour the energy equivalent of about 200 million barrels of oil.
Most of the energy on Earth comes from the Sun.In fact enough energy from the Sun hits the planet's surface each minute to cover our needs for an entire year,we just need to find an efficient way to use it. So far the energy in oil has been cheaper and easier to get at. But as supplies dwindle,this will change,and we will need to cure our addiction to oil.
Burning wood satisfied most energy needs until the steam-driven industrial revolution,when energy-dense coal became the fuel of choice.Coal is still used,mostly in power stations,to cover one quarter of our energy needs,but its use has been declining since we started pumping up oil.
Coal is the least efficient,unhealthiest and most environmentally damaging fossil fuel,but could make a comeback,as supplies are still plentiful:its reserves are five times larger than oil's.
Today petroleum,a mineral oil obtained from below the surface of the Earth and used to pro- duce petrol,diesel oil and various other chemical substances,provides around 40% of the world's energy needs,mostly fuelling automobiles.The US consumes a quarter of all oil,and generates a similar proportion of greenhouse gas emissions.
The majority of oil comes from the Middle East,which has half of known reserves.But other significant sources include Russia,North America,Norway,Venezuela and the North Sea.
Alaska's Arctic National Wildlife Refuge could be a major new US source,to reduce reliance on foreign imports.
Most experts predict we will exhaust easily accessible reserves within 50 years,though opinions and estimates vary.We could fast reach an energy crisis in the next few decades,when demand exceeds supply.As conventional reserves become more difficult to access,others such as oil shales and tar sands may be used instead.Petrol could also be obtained from coal.
Since we started using fossil fuels,we have released 400 billion tonnes of carbon,and burn- ing the entire reserves could eventually raise world temperatures by 13℃．Among other horrors, this would result in the destruction of all rainforests and the melting of all Arctic ice.
"...we will need to cure our addiction to oil."Why does the author say so?
A: Most of the energy on Earth comes from the Sun.
B: Oil supply is increasing all the time.
C: Demand for oil is increasing all the time.
D: Oil supply is decreasing.
A: Most of the energy on Earth comes from the Sun.
B: Oil supply is increasing all the time.
C: Demand for oil is increasing all the time.
D: Oil supply is decreasing.
答案：D
解析：
答案在第一段最后一句中。这里的supplies指oil supplies。
短文第二段告诉我们，木材曾经是主要燃料来源，然后被煤所替代；自人们开始采油后，对煤的需求下降了，但因为煤的储量远大于石油，它可能又会成为主要燃料，尽管它对环境最具破坏力。所以A、B、D均是作者的意思，而C不是。next to oil除石油以外。
文章的第三段说，美国消耗全世界1/4的石油。
答案在第五段第二句中。该段第一句说，地球上的燃料储量将在50年内耗尽，所以A不是正确选项；第三句的意思是，常规燃料的获取将变得困难，而不是不可获得，所以C也不是正确选项;D明显不是作者的意思。
选项B、C、D都是最后一段中所表达的意思，所以A是正确选项。
短文第二段告诉我们，木材曾经是主要燃料来源，然后被煤所替代；自人们开始采油后，对煤的需求下降了，但因为煤的储量远大于石油，它可能又会成为主要燃料，尽管它对环境最具破坏力。所以A、B、D均是作者的意思，而C不是。next to oil除石油以外。
文章的第三段说，美国消耗全世界1/4的石油。
答案在第五段第二句中。该段第一句说，地球上的燃料储量将在50年内耗尽，所以A不是正确选项；第三句的意思是，常规燃料的获取将变得困难，而不是不可获得，所以C也不是正确选项;D明显不是作者的意思。
选项B、C、D都是最后一段中所表达的意思，所以A是正确选项。
共用题干
The Arctic Ice is Thawing
Father Christmas may have to move his"workshop"from the North Pole because global warming is thawing the ice beneath his feet and his reindeers'feet as well.His"workshop"is in dire straits.The"platform"for the "workshop"is melting,said Stefan Norris of the World Wildlife Fund environmental group's Arctic Program.
An eight-nation report by 250 scientists published recently predicted the Arctic Ocean could be ice-free in summer by 2100 because of a build-up of heat-trapping gases in the atmosphere,mainly from burning fossil fuels in cars or factories.The North Pole is getting more and more uninhabitable to Father Christmas.______(46)Young people learn that Father Christmas'"workshop"produces millions of gifts delivered
by him on a flying,reindeer-drawn sleigh（雪橇）.Hollywood movies like"The Polar Express" tried to make viewers believe that Father Christmas lives at the North Pole.___＿_(47)
The"Fortress of Solitude"is near the North Pole that could be under threat in a warmer world.Alan Boldt, spokesman of the Danish Ministry of Science,suggested ways to rescue Father Christmas.______(48) Another alternative,he argued,would be building some electrical facilities to ensure the ice stays on the North
Pole for him."This should be a subject for the United Nations,"he said."Denmark could build windmills to provide Father Christmas with power."Denmark says Father Christmas'real home is Greenland,which will help, Denmark thinks,to strengthen its position in claiming the sovereignty over the Pole.______(49) "Doesn't he already speak Danish?"Boldt said frostily when asked if Father Christmas would be forced to learn Danish if Denmark won international recognition of its claim to the Pole.Last month's Arctic report said the region is warming twice as fast as the rest of the globe,partly because dark ground or water,once uncovered,soaks up more heat than ice or snow.Finland has been most favored by Father Christmas and it has about 500,000 tourists a year to visit its Christmas center in Rovaniemi in Lapland.______(50)
The Arctic Ice is Thawing
Father Christmas may have to move his"workshop"from the North Pole because global warming is thawing the ice beneath his feet and his reindeers'feet as well.His"workshop"is in dire straits.The"platform"for the "workshop"is melting,said Stefan Norris of the World Wildlife Fund environmental group's Arctic Program.
An eight-nation report by 250 scientists published recently predicted the Arctic Ocean could be ice-free in summer by 2100 because of a build-up of heat-trapping gases in the atmosphere,mainly from burning fossil fuels in cars or factories.The North Pole is getting more and more uninhabitable to Father Christmas.______(46)Young people learn that Father Christmas'"workshop"produces millions of gifts delivered
by him on a flying,reindeer-drawn sleigh（雪橇）.Hollywood movies like"The Polar Express" tried to make viewers believe that Father Christmas lives at the North Pole.___＿_(47)
The"Fortress of Solitude"is near the North Pole that could be under threat in a warmer world.Alan Boldt, spokesman of the Danish Ministry of Science,suggested ways to rescue Father Christmas.______(48) Another alternative,he argued,would be building some electrical facilities to ensure the ice stays on the North
Pole for him."This should be a subject for the United Nations,"he said."Denmark could build windmills to provide Father Christmas with power."Denmark says Father Christmas'real home is Greenland,which will help, Denmark thinks,to strengthen its position in claiming the sovereignty over the Pole.______(49) "Doesn't he already speak Danish?"Boldt said frostily when asked if Father Christmas would be forced to learn Danish if Denmark won international recognition of its claim to the Pole.Last month's Arctic report said the region is warming twice as fast as the rest of the globe,partly because dark ground or water,once uncovered,soaks up more heat than ice or snow.Finland has been most favored by Father Christmas and it has about 500,000 tourists a year to visit its Christmas center in Rovaniemi in Lapland.______(50)
______(47)
A:However,Nordic nations all reject it by claiming that their countries are his home.
B:Therefore the North Pole is the most attractive place in the world.
C:If Denmark's claim were accepted internationally,it would have the legal right to search for oil and gas at the North Pole.
D:One of them would be building a giant floating ice rink for the workshop if the Pole thaws.
E:Maybe Father Christmas has already moved to Rovaniemi.
F:He may have to move from the North Pole within our children's lifetimes.
A:However,Nordic nations all reject it by claiming that their countries are his home.
B:Therefore the North Pole is the most attractive place in the world.
C:If Denmark's claim were accepted internationally,it would have the legal right to search for oil and gas at the North Pole.
D:One of them would be building a giant floating ice rink for the workshop if the Pole thaws.
E:Maybe Father Christmas has already moved to Rovaniemi.
F:He may have to move from the North Pole within our children's lifetimes.
答案：A
解析：
空格前一句表明，北极越来越不适合圣诞老人居住了。F项表明圣诞老人或许不得不搬离北极，与之联系最为紧密，且与空格后句子内容相照应。
空格前一句说，好莱坞电影，如《极地快车》，想让观众相信圣诞老人住在北极。选项A则表明，然而北欧国家不同意这种说法，都声称自己的国家才是圣诞老人的故乡。意思正好和上文配得上。
空格前一句说，丹麦科学部发言人提出拯救圣诞老人的几个办法。空格后“Anotheralternative …”表明这讲的是另一种拯救圣诞老人的方法，由此可知，空格处应为拯救圣诞老人的一种方法。选项D符合这个要求。选项D说的就是其中一个办法：如果北极的冰融化，就建造一个浮冰场地，上面可以承载圣诞老人的工场。因此可以确定D项是正确答案。
选项C的句子一开始就用“Denmark's ciaim”重复空格前面一句中的“claiming"，从词汇重复上，我们可以判断，填人空格处的句子应该是选项C的句子。我们再从意思上分析一下，丹麦认为，说圣诞老人的故乡是格陵兰岛有助于巩固丹麦声称的自己拥有北极的主权的地位。选项C说，如果丹麦的这一要求得到国际社会认可的话，它就拥有勘测北极的石油和天然气的合法权利。上下文意思是连贯的，所以C项是正确答案。
空格前一句说：" … its Christmas center in Rovaniemi in Lapland.”当看到选项E中重复出现Rovaniemi，就可猜测空格处可能应填选项E的句子。再看意思，前一句说，圣诞老人如此眷顾芬兰，每年约有50万游客来参观Rovaniemi的圣诞中心。选项E的句子说“Maybe FatherChristmas has already moved to Rovaniemi（说不定圣诞老人已经移居Rovaniemi了）"，是对前一句“眷顾”的颇为风趣的总结。
空格前一句说，好莱坞电影，如《极地快车》，想让观众相信圣诞老人住在北极。选项A则表明，然而北欧国家不同意这种说法，都声称自己的国家才是圣诞老人的故乡。意思正好和上文配得上。
空格前一句说，丹麦科学部发言人提出拯救圣诞老人的几个办法。空格后“Anotheralternative …”表明这讲的是另一种拯救圣诞老人的方法，由此可知，空格处应为拯救圣诞老人的一种方法。选项D符合这个要求。选项D说的就是其中一个办法：如果北极的冰融化，就建造一个浮冰场地，上面可以承载圣诞老人的工场。因此可以确定D项是正确答案。
选项C的句子一开始就用“Denmark's ciaim”重复空格前面一句中的“claiming"，从词汇重复上，我们可以判断，填人空格处的句子应该是选项C的句子。我们再从意思上分析一下，丹麦认为，说圣诞老人的故乡是格陵兰岛有助于巩固丹麦声称的自己拥有北极的主权的地位。选项C说，如果丹麦的这一要求得到国际社会认可的话，它就拥有勘测北极的石油和天然气的合法权利。上下文意思是连贯的，所以C项是正确答案。
空格前一句说：" … its Christmas center in Rovaniemi in Lapland.”当看到选项E中重复出现Rovaniemi，就可猜测空格处可能应填选项E的句子。再看意思，前一句说，圣诞老人如此眷顾芬兰，每年约有50万游客来参观Rovaniemi的圣诞中心。选项E的句子说“Maybe FatherChristmas has already moved to Rovaniemi（说不定圣诞老人已经移居Rovaniemi了）"，是对前一句“眷顾”的颇为风趣的总结。
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