专项突破:2021年考研英语排序题模拟试题(2020-10-16)
发布时间:2020-10-16
最近,有小伙伴在询问最后阶段,考研英语该如何备考才最有效。最后阶段,我们应该将备考的重点放在复习和了解考试上,多去练习历年真题和模拟试题。下面,51题库考试学习网为大家带来考研初试的一些模拟试题,一起来看看吧。
Passage 7
Directions:
For question 1—5, choose the most suitable
paragraphs from the list A—G and fill them into the numbered
boxes to form a coherent text. Paragraphs A and G have been correctly placed.
[A] A
GOOD unit of measurement, writes Robert Crease, must satisfy three conditions.
It has to be easy to relate to, match the things it is meant to measure in
scale (no point using inches to describe geographical distances) and be stable.
In his new book, “World in the Balance”, Mr Crease, who teaches philosophy at Stony
Brook University on Long Island and writes a column for the magazine Physics
World, describes mans quest for that metrological holy
grail. In the process, he shows that the story of metrology, not obvious
material for a pageturner, can in the right hands
make for a riveting read.
[B] In
response the metre, from the Greek metron, meaning “measure”, was ushered
in, helped along by French revolutionaries, eager to replace the Bourbon toise
(just under two metres) with an allnew, universal
unit. The metre was to be defined as a fraction of the Paris meridian whose
precise measurement was under way. Together with the kilogram, initially the
mass of a decaliter of distilled water, it formed the basis of the metric
system.
[C]
Successful French metrological diplomacy meant that in the ensuing decades the
metric system supplanted a hotchpotch of regional units in all bar a handful of
nations. Even Britain, long wedded to its imperial measures, caved in.
(Americans are taking longer to persuade.) In 1875 Nature, a British magazine,
hailed the metric system as “one of the greatest triumphs of
modern civilisation”. Paradoxically, Mr Crease argues,
it thrived in part as a consequence of British imperialism, which all but wiped
out innumerable indigenous measurement systems, creating a vacuum that the new
framework was able to fill.
[D] For
all its diplomatic success, though, the metre failed to live up to its original
promise. Tying it to the meridian, or any other natural benchmark, proved
intractable. As a result, the unit continued to be defined in explicit
reference to a unique platinumiridium ingot until 1960. Only
then was it recast in less fleeting terms: as a multiple of the wavelength of a
particular type of light. Finally, in 1983, it was tied to a fundamental
physical constant, the speed of light, becoming the distance light travels in
1/299,792,458 of a second. (The second had by then itself got a metrological
makeover: no longer a 60th of a 60th of a 24th of the period of the Earths rotation, it is currently the duration of 9,192,631,770
periods of a phenomenon called microwave transition in an atom of caesium133.)
[E] The
earliest known units met the first two of Mr Creases requirements well. Most were drawn from
things to hand: the human body (the foot or the mile, which derives from the
Latin milia passuum, or 1,000 paces) and tools (barrels, cups). Others were
more abstract. The journal (from jour, French for “day”), used in
medieval France, was equivalent to the area a man could plough in a day with a
single ox, as was the acre in Britain or the morgen in north Germany and
Holland.
[F] But
no two feet, barrels or workdays are quite the same. What was needed was “a foot, not yours or mine”. Calls for a firm standard that was not
subject to fluctuations or the whim of feudal lords, grew louder in the late
17th century. They were a consequence of the beginnings of international trade
and modern science. Both required greater precision to advance.
[G] Now
the kilogram, the last artefactbased unit, awaits its turn. Adding
urgency is the fact the “real” kilogram, stored in a safe in the International Bureau of Weights and
Measures in Sèvres, near Paris, seems to be
shedding weight relative to its official copies. Metrologists are busy trying
to recast it in terms of Plancks constant, a formula which is
deemed cosmicly inviolate, as is the speed of light (pending further findings
from CERN, anyway). In his jolly book, Mr Crease is cheering them on.
A→1→2→3→4→5→G
以上就是51题库考试学习网为大家带来的全部内容,希望能给大家一些帮助。51题库考试学习网提醒:2021年考研正式报名已经开始,在预报名阶段未来得及报名的小伙伴要注意了。另外,小伙伴们如果还有其他关于考研信息的疑问,也可以留言咨询哦。
下面小编为大家准备了 研究生入学 的相关考题,供大家学习参考。
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