考情前瞻:2021年考研英语医学类阅读理解模拟题及答案(七)

发布时间:2020-10-11


最近,有小伙伴在询问最后阶段,考研英语该如何备考才最有效。最后阶段,我们应该将备考的重点放在复习和了解考试上,多去练习历年真题和模拟试题。下面,51题库考试学习网为大家带来考研初试的一些模拟试题,一起来看看吧。

Shortages of flu vaccine are nothing new in America but this year\'s is a whopper. Until last week it appeared that 100 million Americans would have access to flu shots this fall. Then British authorities concerned about quality-control problems at a production plant in Liverpool barred all further shipments by the Chiron Corp. Overnight the U.S. vaccine supply dwindled by nearly half——and federal health officials found themselves making an unusual plea. Instead of beseeching us all to get vaccinatedthey\'re now urging most healthy people between the ages of 2 and 64 not to. This re-emphasizes the fragility of our vaccine supply,” says Dr. Martin Myers of the National Network for Immunization Information, “and the lack of redundancy in our system.

Why is such a basic health service so easily knocked out? Mainly because private companies have had little incentive to pursue it. To create a single dose of flu vaccine a manufacturer has to grow live virus in a 2-week-old fertilized chicken egg then crack the egg harvest the virus and extract the proteins used to provoke an immune response. Profit margins are narrow demand is fickle and because each year\'s flu virus is different any leftover vaccine goes to waste. As a result the United States now has only two major suppliers (Chiron and Aventis Pasteur)——and when one of them runs into trouble there isn\'t much the other can do about it. A vaccine maker can\'t just call up and order 40 million more fertilized eggs,” says Manon Cox of Connecticut-based Protein Sciences Corp. There\'s a whole industry that\'s scheduled to produce a certain number of eggs at a certain time.

Sleeker technologies are now in the works and experts are hoping that this year\'s fiasco will speed the pace of innovation. The main challenge is to shift production from eggs into cell cultures——a medium already used to make most other vaccines. Flu vaccines are harder than most to produce this way but several biotech companies are now pursuing this strategy and one culture-based product (Solvay Pharmaceuticals\' Invivac) has been cleared for marketing in Europe.

For America the immediate challenge is to make the most of a limited supply. The government estimates that 95 million people still qualify for shots under the voluntary restrictions announced last week. That\'s nearly twice the number of doses that clinics will have on hand but only 60 million Americans seek out shots in a normal year. In fact many experts are hoping the shortage will serve as an awareness campaign——encouraging the people who really need a flu shot to get one.

(1):本文选自Newsweek; 10/18/2004 p57-57 2/3p 1c;

(2):本文习题命题模仿对象14题模仿1997年真题text 3,第5题模仿1997年真题text 4的第四小题;

1. Shortages of flue vaccine show that ____.

[A] America relies too much on foreign suppliers

[B] the demand of flue vaccines is high this year

[C] quality problem is a serious problem in flu vaccine production

[D] the supply of flu vaccines is rather weak and America has no back-up measures to make it up

2. The word cleared (Line 5 Paragraph 3) might mean ____.

[A]permitted

[B]removed

[C]proved

[D]produced

3. Private companies have little interest in producing flu vaccines because of ____.

[A]complicated process high cost low profit and high risk

[B]shortages of fertilized chicken eggs

[C]difficulty in growing live virus

[D]fast changing of flu virus

4. From the last paragraph we can infer that ____.

[A] the government hopes to solve the problem by way of volunteer restrictions

[B] more than 47 million Americans who are qualified to get flu vaccine shots can not get them this year

[C] America has to deal with a limited supply of flu vaccines this year

[D] normally only a small percentage of American population gets flu vaccine shots each year

5. According to the passage which of the following is TRUE?

[A] All Americans are persuaded not to get vaccinated this year.

[B] The big problem in innovating flu vaccine producing technique is how to grow virus in a new way.

[C] More flu vaccines can not be produced in a short time because private companies refuse to produce more.

[D] Flu vaccines are easier than most vaccines to produce through cell cultures.

答案:D A A B B

以上就是51题库考试学习网为大家带来的全部内容,希望能给大家一些帮助。51题库考试学习网提醒:2021年考研正式报名已经开始,在预报名阶段未来得及报名的小伙伴要注意了。另外,小伙伴们如果还有其他关于考研信息的疑问,也可以留言咨询哦。


下面小编为大家准备了 研究生入学 的相关考题,供大家学习参考。

下列哪个选项的法规、条例或法律报全国人大常委会批准后生效?(  )
A.省人民代表大会制定的地方性法规
B.自治区人民代表大会制定的自治条例
C.自治州人民代表大会制定的单行条例
D.特别行政区立法机关制定的法律

答案:B
解析:
【精解】省人民代表大会制定的地方性法规、特别行政区立法机关制定的法律、自治州人民代表大会制定的单行条例,仅仅是报全国人大常委会备案,而无须批准。

托宾税

答案:
解析:
托宾税是指由托宾提出的针对全球外汇交易,为抑制投机而课征的交易税。1972年托宾在普林斯顿大学演讲时,提议“往飞速运转的国际金融市场这一车轮中掷些沙子”,首次提出对现货外汇交易课征全球统一的交易税,经济学家后来把这种外汇交易税称为“托宾税”。托宾税具有两个特征:单一低税率和全球性。 托宾税的功能有两个:①抑制投机,稳定汇率;②为全球性收入再分配提供资金来源。托宾税自20世纪70年代提出以来,在学术界和政界引起热烈的反响和争论,但由于这一方案有若干问题难以解决,至今并无任何国家在实践中实施此税。

意识状态、注意、情绪状态、疲劳状态等属于人格 的哪一个结构部分?( )

A.知情意系统
B.心理状态系统
C.人格动力系统
D.心理特征系统
答案:B
解析:
人格包含以下几个部分:①知情意系统: 心理过程包括认知、情绪情感、意志过程,是人们 都具有的共同心理现象,但每个人在这三大过程 中表现各不相同。人格的成分是这种个体差异 现象的表现。②心理状态系统:主要指某一时刻 或某段时间内相对稳定的心理活动背景,包括意 识状态、注意、情绪状态、疲劳状态等。这些状态 直接影响到心理活动的差异性。③人格动力系 统:决定并制约人的心理活动的进行、方向、强 度、稳定水平的结构,包括需要、动机、兴趣、理想 等。价值观形成后,具有相当的稳定性,并对人 格起控制作用。④心理特征系统:包括能力、气 质、性格三种成分。如能力方面,自然科学家表 现为认知能力强,社会活动家表现为人际交往能 力强。气质方面,有人暴躁,有人温和。性格方 面,有人正直,有人阴险。⑤自我调控系统:以自 我为核心的人格调控系统,主要作用是对人格的 各个成分进行调控,保证人格的完整统一和谐, 属于人格中的内控系统或自控系统。

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