考前必看：2021年考研英语管理学类阅读理解模拟题及答案（四）

发布时间：2020-10-14

目前，2021年考研初试备考时间已不足三个月，不知各位小伙伴复习的如何了？在最后阶段，我们最需要做的是了解考试，而试题练习无疑是非常不错的方法。为了帮助大家备考，51题库考试学习网在下面为大家带来考研初试的一些模拟试题，一起练起来吧。

Advertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why they‘re always coming in for criticism. Their critics seem to resent them because they have a flair for self-promotion and because they have so much money to throw around. ’It‘s iniquitous，’ they say， ‘that this entirely unproductive industry (if we can call it that) should absorb millions of pounds each year. It only goes to show how much profit the big companies are making. Why don’t they stop advertising and reduce the price of their goods? After all， it‘s the consumer who pays…’

The poor old consumer! He‘d have to pay a great deal more if advertising didn’t create mass markets for products. It is precisely because of the heavy advertising that consumer goods are so cheap. But we get the wrong idea if we think the only purpose of advertising is to sell goods. Another equally important function is to inform. A great deal of the knowledge we have about household goods derives largely from the advertisements we read. Advertisements introduce us to new products or remind us of the existence of ones we already know about. Supposing you wanted to buy a washing machine， it is more than likely you would obtain details regarding performance， price， etc.， from an advertisement.

Lots of people pretend that they never read advertisements， but this claim may be seriously doubted. It is hardly possible not to read advertisements these days. And what fun they often are， too! Just think what a railway station or a newspaper would be like without advertisements. Would you enjoy gazing at a blank wall or reading railway byelaws while waiting for a train? Would you like to read only closely printed columns of news in your daily paper? A cheerful， witty advertisement makes such a difference to a drab wall or a newspaper full of the daily ration of calamities.

We must not forget， either， that advertising makes a positive contribution to our pockets. Newspapers， commercial radio and television companies could not subsist without this source of revenue. The fact that we pay so little for our daily paper， or can enjoy so many broadcast programmes is due entirely to the money spent by advertisers. Just think what a newspaper would cost if we had to pay its full price!

Another thing we mustn‘t forget is the ’small ads.‘ which are in virtually every newspaper and magazine. What a tremendously useful service they perform for the community! Just about anything can be accomplished through these columns. For instance， you can find a job， buy or sell a house， announce a birth， marriage or death in what used to be called the ’hatch， match and dispatch‘ column but by far the most fascinating section is the personal or ’agony‘ column. No other item in a newspaper provides such entertaining reading or offers such a deep insight into human nature. It’s the best advertisement for advertising there is!

1.What is main idea of this passage?

A. Advertisement.

B. The benefits of advertisement.

C. Advertisers perform a useful service to communities.

D. The costs of advertisement.

2.The attitude of the author toward advertisers is

A. appreciative.

B. trustworthy.

C. critical.

D. dissatisfactory.

3.Why do the critics criticize advertisers?

A. Because advertisers often brag.

B. Because critics think advertisement is a “waste of money”。

C. Because customers are encouraged to buy more than necessary.

D. Because customers pay more.

4.Which of the following is Not True?

A. Advertisement makes contribution to our pockets and we may know everything.

B. We can buy what we want.

C. Good quality products don‘t need to be advertised.

D. Advertisement makes our life colorful.

5.The passage is

A. Narration.

B. Description.

C. Criticism.

D. Argumentation.

答案详解

1.C. 广告对社会的服务很有用。作者从三方面来叙述广告作用：第二段点出如果广告不为产品开辟广大的市场，我们就得付出很多钱，正是因为大量的广告费用，消费者的商品才会那么便宜。广告除销售商品外，其重要的功能在通知/告诉信息，有关家用商品的许多只是来自广告，还有新产品的介绍。

第三段讲了美化环境功能。如果火车站的墙上和报上没有广告，那会怎么样。一幅悦人心目，机智的广告将改变一切。

第四段讲了它为我们省钱：别忘了广告对我们口袋作出积极的贡献。报纸、电台、电视台公司没有这笔收入很难生存。我们的报纸，我们付给很少，或者说，我们能享受那么多的节目完全是因为广告商花的钱。如果要我们付报纸的全价，那我们要花多少钱!

最后一段讲了各种专栏的功能。人们可以在这些栏目找工作、买卖房子、宣布婚丧嫁娶信息。这些都围着一个中心：广告对社会服务的有用性。

A. 广告。太笼统。B. 广告之优点。文章不是讲优点，而是讲服务于社会的功能。D. 广告费用。

2.A. 欣赏/赞赏。从上述注释也可推知是A项。最重要的，作者提出种种功能，是为了反驳第一段内提到的论点：完全是非生产企业每年吸收几百万镑，这说明这些大公司利润有多高。最重要的是消费者付的广告费等。反驳更说明了A项对。

B. 值得信任。 C. 批评。 D. 不满意。

3.A. 因为广告商常常爱吹，见难句译注1.

B. 因为批评者认为广告浪费钱。 C. 因为广告促使消费者购买不必要的东西。 D. 因为消费者支付更多。

4.C. 优质产品不需要广告。一切产品都需要广告，新产品、老产品都需要。

A. 广告对我们的口袋作出贡献。 B. 我们可以买到我们所需的。 D. 广告使我们生活丰富多彩。这三条都提到也是真实的。

5.C. 文章一开始就提到对广告的批评，然后作者以对比的手法说明其功能。

A. 叙事。B. 描写。 D. 议论。

以上就是51题库考试学习网为大家带来的全部内容，希望能给大家一些帮助。51题库考试学习网提醒：目前2021年考研大纲已经公布，小伙伴们在复习时要注意以大纲为准哦。另外，小伙伴们如果还有其他关于考研信息的疑问，也可以留言咨询哦。

下面小编为大家准备了 研究生入学 的相关考题，供大家学习参考。
镜面舌的形成机理是（　　）
A.水湿上泛
B.热甚伤津
C.胃无生发之气
D.胃肠热甚

答案：C
解析：
镜面舌是胃气大伤所致。
Text 2 You would think that the young and digitally intellectual-the generation that grew up with computers at their fingertips-would be the least likely age group to fall victim of online fiaud.But the opposite is true."We've bought into stereotypes about fraud victims-they're usually seen as wlnerable and elderly,or gullible and poorly educated,"says Emma Fletcher,product manager at the BBB Institute."These stereotypes are strongly held-and they are wrong.We are all at risk,but younger and more educated individuals are actually the most likely to be deceived."Similarly,a 2016 report by Norton,the antivirus company,found that 44 per cent of millennials had been the victim of an online crime in the past year,compared with just 16 per cent ofbaby boomers.Research by Barclays this year backs this up.The Barclays Digital Safety Index highlights that almost two thirds of 18-24 year-olds had fallen prey to hackers or viruses.Yet when asked about actions taken to prevent future attacks,millennials were less likely than their older counterparts to take positive action,such as installing an anti-virus software following a computer system collapse.One reason is what is known as"optimism bias"-the idea that other people might be more One reason is what is known as"optimism bias"-the idea that other people might be more vulnerable than you and that you know better.Younger people are usually more knowledgeable about IT than those in the generations above them.But this makes them less likely to heed advice about staying safe,whereas,perhaps surprisingly,older people are more inclined to listen.But this is not the only reason.Younger people spend far more time online.They shop more there（meaning their card details are entered more ofien and stored in many more databases）and they share much more personal information online.According to Ofcom's 2016 Media Use and Attitudes Report,more than 90 pcr cent of those aged 16-34 have social-media accounts.For those aged between 55 and 64,this figure drops t0 51 per cent.For those 65 and over,it's 30 per cent.Interestingly,though,according the Office ofNational Statistics,older people are more likely to be victims ofrepeat fraud.This may be because they tend to be more trusting.Research at the University of California suggests that this isn't just because they grew up in more innocent times.Rather,age-related changes in the brain mean that as people get older,they tend to trust more and question less.30.Which of the following can be the best title ofthe text?

A.Who Is More Likely to Be Cheated,Young or the Older
B.How to Guard Against Online Scam
C.Millennials:The Most Vulnerable Online Victim
D.The Older Who Trusts More
答案：C
解析：
事实细节题。由题干定位到第五段第三句，“他们爱在网上购物，这就意味着更加频繁地输入银行卡信息，这些信息自然就会被更多地存储在数据库中。另外，他们也在网络上分享了太多的个人信息”，故选C项。【干扰排除】A项“有社交媒体账号”是社会普遍现象，文章并没有说有账号就容易被骗，故排除；B项“更频繁地使用信用卡”文中并未提及credit card（信用卡），只是说在网购时输入银行卡信息，故排除；D项文章未提及，故排除。
导游甲带团赴国外旅游，朋友乙委托其代购三块名表。回国时，甲代购的名表被海关检查发现，甲被罚款。对此，下列选项正确的是

A.乙应当承担甲支付的海关罚款
B.甲有权要求乙分担一半的国际机票费用
C.如手表存在质量问题，乙有权向甲主张退货
D.甲有权要求乙支付使用甲的信用卡所享受的折扣优惠价款
答案：A
解析：
《合同法》第407条规定：受托人处理委托事务时，因不可归责于自己的事由受到损失的，可以向委托人要求赔偿损失。本题中，乙委托甲购买三块手表，因不可归责于甲的原因被海关罚款，造成损失，对于该损失，甲可以向乙要求赔偿。因此本题选A。

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