考前冲刺:2021年考研英语翻译模拟试题(2020-10-09)

发布时间:2020-10-09


目前,2021年考研初试备考时间已不足三个月,不知各位小伙伴复习的如何了?在最后阶段,我们最需要做的是了解考试,而试题练习无疑是非常不错的方法。为了帮助大家备考,51题库考试学习网在下面为大家带来考研初试的一些模拟试题,一起练起来吧。

甘地的和平主义

Gandhi’s pacifism can be separated to some extent from his other teachings. (46)Its motive was religious, but he claimed also for it that it was a definite technique, a method, capable of producing desired political results. Gandhi’s attitude was not that of most Western pacifists. Satyagraha, (47)the method Gandhi proposed and practiced, first evolved in South Africa, was a sort of nonviolent warfare, a way of defeating the enemy without hurting him and without feeling or arousing hatred. It entailed such things as civil disobedience, strikes, lying down in front of railway trains, enduring police charges without running away and without hitting back, and the like. Gandhi objected to “passive resistance” as a translation of Satyagraha: in Gujuruti, it seems the word means “firmness in the truth.” (48)In his early days Gandhi served as a stretcher-bearer on the British side in the Boer War, and he was prepared to do the same again in the war of 1914-1918. Even after he had completely renounced violence he was honest enough to see that in war it is usually necessary to take sides. Since his whole political life centred round a struggle for national independence, he could not and, (49)indeed, he did not take the fruitless and dishonest line of pretending that in every war both sides are exactly the same and it makes no difference who wins. Nor did he, like most Western pacifists, specialize in avoiding awkward questions. In relation to the war, one question that every pacifist had a clear obligation to answer is: “What about the Jews? Are you prepared to see them exterminated?”(50)I must say that I have never heard, from any Western pacifist, an honest answer to this question, though I have heard plenty of evasions, usually of the “you’re another” type. But it so happens that Gandhi was asked a somewhat similar question in 1938 and his answer was on record in Mr. Louis Fisher’s Gandhi and Stalin. According to Mr. Fisher, Gandhi’s view was that the German Jews ought to commit collective suicide, which “would have aroused the world and the people of Germany to Hitler’s violence.”

答案

46.其动机是宗教性质的,但他也说这是一种明显的技巧,一种方法,它可以产生预期的政治效果。

47.这个由甘地提出并付诸实践的方法,最早起源于南非,是一种非暴力的斗争方式,用既不伤害对方又不会引发仇恨的手段打败敌人。

48.早年间,在布尔战争期间甘地曾经为英方抬过担架,而且在1914-1918年战争期间他又准备这么做。

49.而且也确实没有采取毫无意义的、不诚实的态度,假装说在所有战争中参战双方完全一样,因而谁获得胜利都无所谓。

50.我必须说,我从未从任何一个西方和平主义者那里听到过对该问题的诚实的答复,但是却听大了大量的躲闪之词,通常都是“你是另外一回事”之类的回答。

总体分析

本文是一篇介绍甘地的和平主义的文章。文章先介绍了甘地的和平主义的性质、来源、具体形式等。接着指出了甘地作为和平主义者的独特之处:首先,他虽然反对暴力,但并不否认战争的立场;其次,他不躲避回答棘手的问题。

本文考查的知识点:后置定语、插入语、it做形式主语的主语从句,等。

以上就是51题库考试学习网为大家带来的全部内容,希望能给大家一些帮助。51题库考试学习网提醒:目前2021年考研大纲已经公布,小伙伴们在复习时要注意以大纲为准哦。另外,小伙伴们如果还有其他关于考研信息的疑问,也可以留言咨询哦。


下面小编为大家准备了 研究生入学 的相关考题,供大家学习参考。

在建筑物致人损害的侵权案件中,建筑物的所有人或者管理人免责的事由不包括(  )。
A.第三人过错
B.受害人过错
C.所有人或者管理人无过错
D.不可抗力

答案:D
解析:
【精解】在建筑物致人损害的侵权案件中,建筑物的所有人或者管理人免责的事由有:建筑物的所有人或者管理人无过错;损害是由于不可抗力,且自己采取了合理措施仍不能避免损害;损害是由受害人或者第三人过错引起的。因D项表述不完整,故选D项。

小童看到姐姐考试得满分受到妈妈表扬后,也开始努力学习起来,根据班杜拉的理论,小童受到了( )

A.直接强化
B.替代强化
C.自我强化
D.个别强化
答案:B
解析:
班杜拉认为,强化可以是直接强化,即通过外界因素对学习者的行为直接进行干预。强化也可以是替代强化,即学习者如果看到他人成功和被赞扬的行为,就会增强产生同样的学习倾向;如果看到失败或受罚的行为,就会削弱或抑制发生这种行为的倾向。强化还可以是自我强化,即行为达到自己设定的标准时,以自己能支配的报酬来增强、维持自己的行为的过程。(注意班杜拉的三种强化类型,为高频考点。)

汉律规定的徒刑有()。
A.司寇 B.罚作 C.鬼薪 D.城旦

答案:A,B,C,D
解析:
【详解]
经过“文景之治”的刑制改革,汉代的劳役刑有了明确固定的刑期。这些劳役刑分别为:城旦,刑期四年;鬼薪白粲,刑期三年;司寇,刑期两年;罚作、复作,刑期一 年;隶臣妾,刑期一年等。

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