考前必看：2021年考研英语管理学类阅读理解模拟题及答案（七）

发布时间：2020-10-14

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最近，有小伙伴在询问最后阶段，考研英语该如何备考才最有效。最后阶段，我们应该将备考的重点放在复习和了解考试上，多去练习历年真题和模拟试题。下面，51题库考试学习网为大家带来考研初试的一些模拟试题，一起来看看吧。

The main idea of these business schools is appealing.In a world where companies must adapt to new technologies and source of competition，it is much harder than it used to be to offer good employees job security and an opportunity to climb the corporate ladder.Yet it is also more necessary than ever for employees to invest in better skills and sparkle with bright ideas.How can firms get the most out of people if they can no longer offer them protection and promotion?

Many bosses would love to have an answer.Sumantra Ghoshal of the London Business School and Christopher Bartlett of the Harvard Business School think they have one：“Employability”。If managers offer the right kinds of training and guidance，and change their attitude towards their underlings，they will be able to reassure their employees that they will always have the skills and experience to find a good job—even if it is with a different company.

Unfortunately，they promise more than they deliver.Their thoughts on what an ideal organization should achieve are hard to quarrel with：encourage people to be creative，make sure the gains from creativity are shared with the pains of the business that can make the most of them，keep the organization from getting stale and so forth.The real disappointment comes when they attempt to show how firms might actually create such an environment.At its nub is the notion that companies can attain their elusive goals by changing their implicit contract with individual workers，and treating them as a source of value rather than a cog in a machine.

The authors offer a few inspiring examples of companies——they include Motorola， 3M and ABB—that have managed to go some way towards creating such organizations.But they offer little useful guidance on how to go about it，and leave the biggest questions unanswered.How do you continuously train people，without diverting them from their everyday job of making the business more profitable? How do you train people to be successful elsewhere while still encouraging them to make big commitments to your own firm? How do you get your newly liberated employees to spend their time on ideas that create value，and not simply on those they enjoy? Most of their answers are platitudinous，and when they are not they are unconvincing.

1. We can infer from the passage that in the past an employee .

[A]had job security and opportunity of promotion

[B]had to compete with each other to keep his job

[C]had to undergo training all the time

[D]had no difficulty climbing the corporate ladder

2. According to Christopher Bartlett what will improve“employability”?

[A] Ability to lay out one‘s talents to employers.

[B]Skills and knowledge accumulated from school education.

[C] Training opportunity and guidance offered by company.

[D]Being creative and ready to share collective wisdom.

3. What does the writer of this passage think of the ideas of Ghoshal and Bartlett?

[A] Very instructive. [B] Very inspiring.

[C] Hard to implement. [D] Quite harsh.

4. In their work，Ghoshal and Bartlett discuss .

[A]changes in business organizations [B]contracts between employers and employees

[C]employment situation [D]management ideas

5.This passage seems to be a(n) .

[A]book review [B]advertisement

[C]news report [D]research paper

答案辨析

1.A推断题。由题干关键词in the past和employee定位文章第一段的it is much harder than it used to be to offer good employee job security and an opportunity to climb the corporate ladder可看出，过去一名优秀的职员很容易获得工作保障和晋升机会，结合选项可知，A正确。且由该句话可知在过去工作上的竞争并不算残酷，因此排除B(必须和别人竞争);文中并未谈到过去有什么培训，故排除C(必须总是接受培训);D(在公司获得晋升毫无不费力)过于绝对。

2.C细节题。由题干关键词Christopher Bartlett和employability定位文章第二段。该段中

employability后的内容即是对此词的解释：经理们提供正确的培训及指导，并且能够改变对下属的态度，就能使雇员总是有技能、有经验，从而可以找到一份好工作。结合选项可知，C正确。

3.C态度题。题干问作者对Ghoshal and Bartlett的观点有何看法。从第三段的Unfortunately，they promise more than they deliver…(令人遗憾的是，他们所做的承诺远远超出他们实际所能做到的)以及下文提到的The real disappointment comes…可以看出，作者对Ghoshal和Bartlett的观点不以为然，认为这两个人许诺的比实际提供的要多，可见作者认为他们的观点不切实际，故选C.

4.D推断题。文中提到，Ghoshal和Bartlett不仅讨论了企业的组织形式，还讨论了企业应该提供给员工一个创新的环境，以及对企业员工进行培训和管理，最后达到企业发展的目的。因此用“企业管理”来概括他们的观念最为合适，选项中A过于片面，B只是简单提到，C过于宽泛，只有D最符合题意。

5.A推断题。判断此题的关键在最后一段，由该段首句The author offers a few example of companies…but they offer little useful guidance…中的关键词the author可推知，本文属于书评，故应选A.

以上就是51题库考试学习网为大家带来的全部内容，希望能给大家一些帮助。51题库考试学习网提醒：2021年考研正式报名已经开始，在预报名阶段未来得及报名的小伙伴要注意了。另外，小伙伴们如果还有其他关于考研信息的疑问，也可以留言咨询哦。

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下面小编为大家准备了 研究生入学 的相关考题，供大家学习参考。

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