专项练习：2021年考研英语基础模拟题（九）

发布时间：2020-10-25

目前，2021年考研初试备考时间已不足三个月，不知各位小伙伴复习的如何了？在最后阶段，我们最需要做的是了解考试，而试题练习无疑是非常不错的方法。为了帮助大家备考，51题库考试学习网在下面为大家带来考研初试的一些模拟试题，一起练起来吧。

As students primp and preen to wow their favorite colleges， there\'s one characteristic they can\'t control： their race. That\'s one reason voters， courts and politicians in six states have outlawed racial preferences in college admissions， while other colleges， fearful of lawsuits， play down their affirmative-action efforts these days. But make no mistake： race still matters. How much depends on the school and the state.

In Texas， public universities have managed to counteract the effect of racial-preference bans by automatically admitting the top 10% of the graduating class of every high school， including those schools where most students are minorities. But Rice University in Houston， private and highly selective， has had to reinvent its admissions strategies to maintain the school\'s minority enrollment. Each February， 80 to 90 black， Hispanic and Native American kids visit Rice on an expenses-paid trip. Rice urges counselors from high schools with large minority populations to nominate qualified students. And in the fall， Rice sends two recruiters on the road to find minority applicants; each recruiter visits about 80 predominantly black or Hispanic high schools. Two weeks ago， Rice recruiter Tamara Siler dropped in on Westlake High in Atlanta， where 99% of the 1，296 students are black. Siler went bearing literature and advice， and though only two kids showed up， she said， “I\'m pleased I got two.”

Rice has also resorted to some almost comical end-runs around the spirit of the law. The university used to award a yearly scholarship to a Mexican-American student; now it goes to a student who speaks Spanish really well. Admissions officers no longer know an applicant\'s race. But a new essay question asks about each student\'s “background” and “cultural traditions.” When Rice officials read applications， they look for “diverse life experiences” and what they awkwardly call “overcome students，” who have triumphed over hardship.

Last spring， admissions readers came across a student whose SAT score was lower than 1，200 and who did not rank in the top 10% of her class. Numerically speaking， she lagged far behind most accepted applicants. But her essay and recommendations indicated a strong interest in civil rights and personal experience with racial discrimination. She was admitted. “All the newspapers say affirmative action is done，” says a veteran counselor at a large New York City high school. “But nothing has changed. I have a [minority] kid at Yale with an SAT score in the high 900s.”

While minority admissions at the University of California system overall have dipped only slightly since a ban on affirmative action took effect in 1998， they have plummeted at the most selective campuses. At Berkeley， for example， the class entering this fall included 608 Chicano students， vs. 1，013 in 1997. In response， the elite schools have moved aggressively to recruit at minority high schools——and even to improve the performance of students who are graduating from them. This year the U.C. system will spend $250 million on outreach， from installing tutors at low-income schools to inviting high school teachers to summer calculus seminars.

1. Affirmative action is something ___________.

[A] that guarantees students of different races to be admitted equally

[B] American citizens fight against because it discriminates minority students

[C] colleges take to give preference to minority students in college admission

[D] favored by American colleges yet unpopular with American public

2. Rice University sent two recruiters to find minority applicants because _________.

[A] Rice wanted to maintain minority enrollment

[B] minority students have better school performance

[C] Rice has a large minority population

[D] Rice is famous for admitting minority students

3. The writer mentioned Rice‘s some comic end-runs around the spirit of the law to show that_____________.

[A] Rice abides by the law strictly

[B] Rice deals with students in a comic way

[C] Rice prefers minority students

[D] Rice has its own ways of dealing with the law

4. It seems that minority students _________.

[A] are still benefiting from affirmative action

[B] have lower SAT scores

[C] are often admitted by universities because they have unique racial experience

[D] lag far behind than other students in school performance

5. The word “plummeted” (Line 2， Paragraph 5) most probably means_________.?

[A] doubled

[B] risen

[C] stayed the same

[D] decreased

答案：C A D A D

以上就是51题库考试学习网为大家带来的全部内容，希望能给大家一些帮助。51题库考试学习网提醒：目前2021年考研大纲已经公布，小伙伴们在复习时要注意以大纲为准哦。另外，小伙伴们如果还有其他关于考研信息的疑问，也可以留言咨询哦。

下面小编为大家准备了 研究生入学 的相关考题，供大家学习参考。

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维生素E中生物活性最强的是

A.α生育酚
B.β生育酚
C.γ生育酚
D.δ生育酚

答案：A

解析：

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什么是证券市场线和资本市场线?它们有何不同和联系?

答案：

解析：

①证券市场线(SML) 证券市场线是资本资产定价模型的图示形式,反映投资组合报酬率与系统风险程度系数之间的关系以及市场上所有风险性资产的均衡期望收益率与风险之间的关系。其表达式为



③证券市场线与资本市场线的区别与联系 (1)资本市场线的横轴是标准差(既包括系统风险又包括非系统风险),证券市场线的横轴是贝塔系数(只包括系统风险) （2)资本市场线揭示的是持有不同比例的无风险资产和市场组合情况下风险和报酬的权衡关系:证券市场线揭示的是证券的本身的风险和报酬之间的对应关系 (3)资本市场线中y轴为风险组合的期望报率与证券市场线的y轴为平均股票的必要收益率,含义不同 (4)资本市场线表示的是期望报酬率,即投资后期望获得的报率;而证券市场线表示的是要求收益率,即投资前要求得到的最低收益率,因为个股实际上还有非系统性风险 (5)证券市场线的作用在于根据必要报酬率,利用股票估价模型,计算股票的内在价值；资本市场线的作用在于确定投资组合的比例 本题同样较为简单,为知识点的平铺叙述,也属于必须拿到高分的题目。考察投资学CML与SML的知识,相对基础。

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坚持党的领导为什么必须改善党的领导?当前如何改善党的领导?

答案：

解析：

[答案要点]
坚持中国共产党的领导，就是要坚持党在建设中国特色社会主义事业中的领导核心地位，发挥党总揽全局、协调各方的作用.要坚持党的领导，必须不断改善党的领导.坚持党的领导和改善党的领导是辩证统一的.如果说坚持党的领导所要解决的是社会主义事业要不要党的领导，党在社会主义事业中的地位和作用的问题，那么，改善党的领导所要解决的则是进一步改革和完善党的领导方式和执政方式．更好地实现党对社会主义建设事业的领导问题.不坚持党的领导，就谈不上改善党的领导.改善党的领导是为了更好地坚持党的领导.在新的历史条件下，只有改善党的领导，才能坚持和加强党的领导，这是因为
(1)从国际上看，当今世界正在发生广泛而深刻的变化，为适应国际环境的变化，必须改善党的领导.
(2)从国内看，当代中国正在发生广泛而深刻的变革，新形势、新任务对我们党提出了新的要求.如果党的领导方式、工作方法和具体制度不加改进和完善，党就难以适应新的要求.
(3)从党的自身状况看，目前，我们党的实际状况同党肩负的领导社会主义现代化的光荣使命还有许多不相适应的地方.比如，党的执政能力同新形势新任务不完全适应：一些基层党组织软弱涣散；少数党员干部作风不正，形式主义、官僚主义问题比较突出，奢侈浪费、消极腐败现象仍然比较严重.所有这些，都需要通过改善党的领导加以解决.
当前改善党的领导，应着力解决以下几个方面的问题：
(1)要正确处理党的领导和依法治国的关系.依法治国是党领导人民治理国家的基本方略，切实实施这一方略，有助于加强和改善党的领导.党领导人民制定宪法和法律，必然要领导人民遵守、实施宪法和法律，党自身的活动也必须在宪法和法律范围内进行，并成为遵守、实施宪法和法律的模范.这样才能把党对国家事务的领导同依法治国统一起来.
(2)要改革、完善党和国家的领导制度.改革领导体制，关键是要正确处理党政关系，解决党如何善于领导的问题.执政党对国家权力系统的领导，包括政治领导、思想领导、组织领导，是通过发挥政治影响、推荐重要干部、管好权力机构中的党组织和党员、提出有关国家重大事务的主张并使之经过法定程序变成国家意志釆实现的.因此，在执政过程中，党政有各自的职能，不能随意混淆或合一.
(3)要进一步解决提高党的领导水平和执政水平、提高拒腐防变和抵御风险能力这两大历史性课题.

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