考前必看:2021年考研英语法学类阅读理解模拟题及答案(十)
发布时间:2020-10-14
英语是考研初试当中比较拉分的科目,历来令不少考生又爱又恨。许多考生的英语都有很大的进步空间,因此英语该如何学就成为了众多考生关心的重点。想要学好英语,实战经验很重要。下面,51题库考试学习网为大家带来考研初试英语科目的一些模拟试题,正在备考的小伙伴赶紧练起来吧。
The existence of both racial and sexual
discrimination in employment is well documented,and policymakers and responsible employers are particularly
sensitive to the plight of the black female employee on the theory that she is
doubly the victim of discrimination.That there exist differences in income
between whites and blacks is clear,but it is not so clear that these differences are solely the result
of racial discrimination in employment.The two groups differ in productivity,so basic economics dictates that their
incomes will differ.
To obtain a true measure of the effect of
racial discrimination in employment it is necessary to adjust the gross
black/white income ratio for these productivity factors.White women in urban
areas have a higher educational level than black women and can be expected to
receive larger incomes.Moreover,State
distribution of residence is important because blacks are overrepresented in
the South,where wage rates
are typically lower than elsewhere and where racial differentials in income are
greater.Also,blacks are
over-represented in large cities,and
incomes of blacks would be greater if blacks were distributed among cities of
different sizes in the same manner as whites.
After standardization for the productivity
factors,the income of black
urban women is estimated to be between 108 and 125 percent of the income of
white women.This indicates that productivity factors more than account for the
actual white/black income differential for women.Despite their greater
education,white women’s actual average income is only 2 to 5
percent higher than that of black women in the North.Unlike the situation of
men,the evidence
indicates that the money income of black urban women was as great as,or greater than,that of whites of similar productivity in
the North,and probably in the
United States as a whole.
At least two possible hypotheses may
explain why the adjustment for productivity more than accounts for the observed
income differential for women.First,there may be more discrimination against black men than against
black women.The different occupational structures for men and women give some
indication why this could be the case.Second,the data are consistent with the hypothesis that the intensity of
discrimination against women differs little between whites and blacks.Therefore,racial discrimination adds little to
effects of existing sex discrimination.These findings suggest that a black
woman does not necessarily suffer relatively more discrimination in the labor
market than does a white woman.Rather,for women,the
effects of sexual discrimination are so pervasive that the effects of racial
discrimination are negligible.
1.The primary purpose of the passage is
to____.
[A] explain the reasons for the existence
of income differentials between men and women
[B] show that racial discrimination against
black women in employment is less important than sexual discrimination
[C] explore the ways in which productivity
factors influence the earning power of black workers
[D] sketch a history of racial and sexual
discrimination against black and female workers in the labor market
2.The difference between income levels for
black and white women is____.
[A] less than that for black and white men
[B] greater than that for black and white men
[C] greater since black women are subject
to more discrimination
[D] smaller since women can only do
low-paying jobs
3.Which of the following best describes the
logical relationship between the two hypotheses presented in the fourth
paragraph?
[A] They may both be true since each
phenomenon could contribute to the observed differential.
[B] They are contradictory,and if one is proved to be correct,the other is proved incorrect.
[C] They are independent of each other,and it is hard to establish any
relationship between them.
[D] The two hypotheses are logically
connected so that it is impossible to prove either one to be true without also
proving the other to be true.
4.If the second hypothesis mentioned by the
author is correct,a general lessening
of discrimination against women should lead to a(n) ____.
[A] higher white/black income ratio for
women
[B] lower white/black income ratio for
women
[C] lower female/male income ratio
[D] increase in the productivity of women
5.The author’s attitude toward racial and sexual discrimination in employment is
one of____.
[A] apology [B] concern [C] indifference
[D] indignation
参考答案:
1.[B] 文章最后一段是作者的结论,这段提到两个假设,一是对男性黑人的歧视可能比对女性黑人的歧视更严重;二是对妇女的歧视在黑人和白人之间没有多大区别。因此作者的结论是:就黑人妇女而言,种族歧视并没有使性别歧视加重——黑人妇女并没有受双重歧视,由于对任何种族的妇女的歧视占主导地位,种族歧视的影响几乎可以忽略不计了。
2.[A] 最后一段提到,有数据显示支持如下假设:对妇女的歧视在白人和黑人之间差别不大,因此,种族歧视在性别歧视之外几乎没有再添加影响。这些发现表明:在劳动力市场上,黑人妇女不一定比白人妇女遭受更多的歧视,更确切地说,对妇女来说,性别歧视是如此广泛存在,以至于种族歧视的影响可以忽略不计。
3.[A] 参阅第1题题解。
4.[A] 参阅第l题题解。
5.[B] 意为:关注。作者对黑人妇女在就业上可能存在的受歧视现象进行了实事求是的分析,并借助于数据进行了说明。作者的目的当然是找出根本原因,以便切实解决问题。从这个角度来看,作者对黑人妇女在工作中的地位是关心的。
以上就是51题库考试学习网为大家带来的全部内容,希望能给大家一些帮助。51题库考试学习网提醒:在最后阶段,调整自己的心态也是非常重要的,每年都有考生临考前放弃,所以小伙伴们要注意不要给自己太大的压力哦。另外,小伙伴们如果还有其他关于考研信息的疑问,也可以留言咨询哦。
下面小编为大家准备了 研究生入学 的相关考题,供大家学习参考。
A.NAD B.NADP C.FMN D. CoA
B.结构主义
C.西方马克思主义
D.解构主义
法兰克福学派是西方的一种社会哲学流派,以批判的社会理论著称,被视为“新马克思主义”的典型。正确选项为C。
B.记忆
C.感知
D.想象
该病症的证候是
A.中气不足,推动无力 B.肺脾气虚,水道不利
C.清气不升,浊阴不降 D.肾阳虚衰,气化无力
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