ACCA考试常用公式汇总，值得江西省考生收藏！

发布时间：2020-01-10

距离2020年3月份的ACCA考试还有两个多月左右的时间，想必备考ACCA的同学们正在如火如荼地进行着复习。那么，今天这条“公式宝典”你一定要收好，或许会帮助你成功通过ACCA考试哦！接下来，51题库考试学习网将这份“公式宝典”分享给大家：

因为ACCA考试毕竟是国际性质的考试，因此一些题的计算可能就存在不同的计算方式，计算方式的不同也会导致结果的不同。

一、境内

1、税额=销项税-进项税

2、销项税=销售额×税率

3、视销征税无销额(1)当月类平均;(2)近类货平均，(3)组税价=成本×(1+成利率)

4、征增税及消税：

组税价=成本×(1+成润率)+消税

组税价=成本×(1+成润率)/(1-消率)

5、含税额换

不含税销额=含税销额/1+率(一般)

不含税销额=含税销额/1+征率(小规模)

6、购农销农品，或向小纳人购农品：

准扣的进税=买价×扣率(13%)

7、一般纳人外购货物付的运费

准扣的进税=运费×扣除率

*随运付的装卸、保费不扣

8、小纳人纳额=销项额×征率(6%或4%)

*不扣进额

9、小纳人不含税销额=含额/(1+征率)

10、自来水公司销水(6%)

不含税销额=发票额×(1+征率)

以上是国内物品的计算方式，接下来是国外进口的相关公式

二、进口货

1、组税价=关税完价+关税+消税

2、纳额=组税价×税率

三、出口货物退(免)税

1、"免、抵、退"计算方法(指生产企自营委外贸代出口自产)

(1)纳额=内销销税-(进税-免抵退税不免、抵税)

(2)免抵退税=FOB×外汇RMB牌价×退率-免抵退税抵减额

*FOB：出口货物离岸价。

*免抵退税抵减额=免税购原料价×退税率

免税购原料=国内购免原料+进料加工免税进料

进料加工免税进口料件组税价=到岸价+关、消税

(3)应退税和免抵税

A、如期末留抵税≤免抵退税，则：

应退税=期末留抵税

免抵税=免抵退税-应退税

B、期末留抵税>免抵退税，则：

应退税=免抵退税

免抵税=0

*期末留抵税额据《增值税纳税申报表》中"期末留抵税额"定。

(4)免抵退税不得免和抵税

免抵退税不免和抵税=FOB×外汇RMB牌价×(出口征率-出口退率)-免抵退税不免抵税抵减额

免抵退税不免和抵扣税抵减额=免税进原料价×(出口征率-出口货物退率)

2、先征后退

(1)外贸及外贸制度工贸企购货出口，出口增税免;出口后按收购成本与退税率算退税还外贸，征、退税差计企业成本

应退税额=外贸购不含增税购进金额×退税率

(2)外贸企购小纳人出货口增税退税规定：

A、从小纳人购并持普通发票准退税的抽纱、工艺品等12类出口货物，销售出口货入免，退还出口货进税

退税=[发票列(含税)销额]/(1+征率)×6%或5%

B、从小纳人购代开的增税发票的出口货：

退税=增税发票金额×6%或5%

C、外企托生企加工出口货的退税规定：

原辅料退税=国内原辅料增税发票进项×原辅料退税率

以上这些就是全部ACCA考试常用公式，希望对大家有所帮助！最后51题库考试学习网想告诉大家：“放弃可以找到一万个理由，但坚持只需一个信念！致敬那些在ACCA备考路上永不放弃的人，好结果只留给有毅力的人。”

下面小编为大家准备了 ACCA考试 的相关考题，供大家学习参考。

(iii) cheese. (4 marks)

正确答案：
(iii) Cheese
■ Examine the terms of sales to Abingdon Bank – confirm the bank’s legal title (e.g. if GVF were to cease to trade
and so could not exercise buy-back option).
■ Obtain a direct confirmation from the bank of the cost of inventory sold by GVF to Abingdon Bank and the amount
re-purchased as at 30 September 2005 (the net amount being the outstanding loan).
■ Inspect the cheese as at 30 September 2005 (e.g. during the physical inventory count) paying particular attention
to the factors which indicate the age (and strength) of the cheese (e.g. its location or physical appearance).
■ Observe how the cheese is stored – if on steel shelves discuss with GVF’s management whether its net realisable
value has been reduced below cost.
■ Test check, on a sample basis, the costing records supporting the cost of batches of cheese.
■ Confirm that the cost of inventory sold to the bank is included in inventory as at 30 September 2005 and the
nature of the bank security adequately disclosed.
■ Agree the repurchase of cheese which has reached maturity at cost plus 7% per six months to purchase invoices
(or equivalent contracts) and cash book payments.
■ Test check GVF’s inventory-ageing records to production records. Confirm the carrying amount of inventory as at
30 September 2005 that will not be sold until after 30 September 2006, and agree to the amount disclosed in
the notes to inventory as a ‘non-current’ portion.

3 Palm plc recently acquired 100% of the ordinary share capital of Nikau Ltd from Facet Ltd. Palm plc intends to use

Nikau Ltd to develop a new product range, under the name ‘Project Sabal’. Nikau Ltd owns shares in a non-UK

resident company, Date Inc.

The following information has been extracted from client files and from a meeting with the Finance Director of Palm

plc.

Palm plc:

– Has more than 40 wholly owned subsidiaries such that all group companies pay corporation tax at 30%.

– All group companies prepare accounts to 31 March.

– Acquired Nikau Ltd on 1 November 2007 from Facet Ltd, an unrelated company.

Nikau Ltd:

– UK resident company that manufactures domestic electronic appliances for sale in the European Union (EU).

– Large enterprise for the purposes of the enhanced relief available for research and development expenditure.

– Trading losses brought forward as at 1 April 2007 of ￡195,700.

– Budgeted taxable trading profit of ￡360,000 for the year ending 31 March 2008 before taking account of ‘Project

Sabal’.

– Dividend income of ￡38,200 will be received in the year ending 31 March 2008 in respect of the shares in Date

Inc.

‘Project Sabal’:

– Development of a range of electronic appliances, for sale in North America.

– Project Sabal will represent a significant advance in the technology of domestic appliances.

– Nikau Ltd will spend ￡70,000 on staffing costs and consumables researching and developing the necessary

technology between now and 31 March 2008. Further costs will be incurred in the following year.

– Sales to North America will commence in 2009 and are expected to generate significant profits from that year.

Shares in Date Inc:

– Nikau Ltd owns 35% of the ordinary share capital of Date Inc.

– The shares were purchased from Facet Ltd on 1 June 2003 for their market value of ￡338,000.

– The sale was a no gain, no loss transfer for the purposes of corporation tax.

– Facet Ltd purchased the shares in Date Inc on 1 March 1994 for ￡137,000.

Date Inc:

– A controlled foreign company resident in the country of Palladia.

– Annual chargeable profits arising out of property investment activities are approximately ￡120,000, of which

approximately ￡115,000 is distributed to its shareholders each year.

The tax system in Palladia:

– No taxes on income or capital profits.

– 4% withholding tax on dividends paid to shareholders resident outside Palladia.

Required:

(a) Prepare detailed explanatory notes, including relevant supporting calculations, on the effect of the following

issues on the amount of corporation tax payable by Nikau Ltd for the year ending 31 March 2008.

(i) The costs of developing ‘Project Sabal’ and the significant commercial changes to the company’s

activities arising out of its implementation. (8 marks)

正确答案：
(a) Nikau Ltd – Effect on corporation tax payable for the year ending 31 March 2008
(i) Project Sabal
Research and development expenditure
The expenditure incurred in respect of research and development will give rise to an enhanced deduction for the
purposes of computing the taxable trading profits of Nikau Ltd. The enhanced deduction is 125% of the qualifying
expenditure as Nikau Ltd is a large enterprise for this purpose.
The expenditure will reduce the profits chargeable to corporation tax of Nikau Ltd by ￡87,500 (￡70,000 x 1·25) and
its corporation tax liability by ￡26,250 (￡87,500 x 30%).
The budgeted expenditure will qualify for the enhanced deduction because it appears to satisfy the following conditions.
– It is likely to qualify as research and development expenditure within generally accepted accounting principles as
it will result in new technical knowledge and the production of a substantially improved device for use in the
industry.
– It exceeds ￡10,000 in Nikau Ltd’s accounting period.
– It relates to staff costs, consumable items or other qualifying expenditure as opposed to capital items.
– It will result in further trading activities for Nikau Ltd.
Use of brought forward trading losses
The development of products for the North American market is likely to represent a major change in the nature and
conduct of the trade of Nikau Ltd. This is because the company is developing new products and intends to sell them in
a new market. It is a major change as sales to North America are expected to generate significant additional profits.
Because this change will occur within three years of the change in the ownership of Nikau Ltd on 1 November 2007,
any trading losses arising prior to that date cannot be carried forward beyond that date.
Accordingly, the trading losses brought forward may only be offset against ￡158,958 ((￡360,000 – ￡87,500) x 7/12)
of the company’s trading profits for the year. The remainder of the trading losses ￡36,742 (￡195,700 – ￡158,958) will
be lost resulting in lost tax relief of ￡11,023 (￡36,742 x 30%).
Tutorial note
The profits for the year ending 31 March 2008 will be apportioned to the periods pre and post 1 November 2007 on
either a time basis or some other basis that is just and reasonable.

(ii) On 1 July 2006 Petrie introduced a 10-year warranty on all sales of its entire range of stainless steel

cookware. Sales of stainless steel cookware for the year ended 31 March 2007 totalled $18·2 million. The

notes to the financial statements disclose the following:

‘Since 1 July 2006, the company’s stainless steel cookware is guaranteed to be free from defects in

materials and workmanship under normal household use within a 10-year guarantee period. No provision

has been recognised as the amount of the obligation cannot be measured with sufficient reliability.’

(4 marks)

Your auditor’s report on the financial statements for the year ended 31 March 2006 was unmodified.

Required:

Identify and comment on the implications of these two matters for your auditor’s report on the financial

statements of Petrie Co for the year ended 31 March 2007.

NOTE: The mark allocation is shown against each of the matters above.

正确答案：
(ii) 10-year guarantee
$18·2 million stainless steel cookware sales amount to 43·1% of revenue and are therefore material. However, the
guarantee was only introduced three months into the year, say in respect of $13·6 million (3/4 × 18·2 million) i.e.
approximately 32% of revenue.
The draft note disclosure could indicate that Petrie’s management believes that Petrie has a legal obligation in respect
of the guarantee, that is not remote and likely to be material (otherwise no disclosure would have been required).
A best estimate of the obligation amounting to 5% profit before tax (or more) is likely to be considered material, i.e.
$90,000 (or more). Therefore, if it is probable that 0·66% of sales made under guarantee will be returned for refund,
this would require a warranty provision that would be material.
Tutorial note: The return of 2/3% of sales over a 10-year period may well be probable.
Clearly there is a present obligation as a result of a past obligating event for sales made during the nine months to
31 March 2007. Although the likelihood of outflow under the guarantee is likely to be insignificant (even remote) it is
probable that some outflow will be needed to settle the class of such obligations.
The note in the financial statements is disclosing this matter as a contingent liability. This term encompasses liabilities
that do not meet the recognition criteria (e.g. of reliable measurement in accordance with IAS 37 Provisions, Contingent
Liabilities and Contingent Assets).
However, it is extremely rare that no reliable estimate can be made (IAS 37) – the use of estimates being essential to
the preparation of financial statements. Petrie’s management must make a best estimate of the cost of refunds/repairs
under guarantee taking into account, for example:
■ the proportion of sales during the nine months to 31 March 2007 that have been returned under guarantee at the
balance sheet date (and in the post balance sheet event period);
■ the average age of cookware showing a defect;
■ the expected cost of a replacement item (as a refund of replacement is more likely than a repair, say).
If management do not make a provision for the best estimate of the obligation the audit opinion should be qualified
‘except for’ non-compliance with IAS 37 (no provision made). The disclosure made in the note to the financial
statements, however detailed, is not a substitute for making the provision.
Tutorial note: No marks will be awarded for suggesting that an emphasis of matter of paragraph would be appropriate
(drawing attention to the matter more fully explained in the note).
Management’s claim that the obligation cannot be measured with sufficient reliability does not give rise to a limitation
on scope on the audit. The auditor has sufficient evidence of the non-compliance with IAS 37 and disagrees with it.

5 (a) Carver Ltd was incorporated and began trading in August 2002. It is a close company with no associated

companies. It has always prepared accounts to 31 December and will continue to do so in the future.

It has been decided that Carver Ltd will sell its business as a going concern to Blade Ltd, an unconnected

company, on 31 July 2007. Its premises and goodwill will be sold for ￡2,135,000 and ￡290,000 respectively

and its machinery and equipment for ￡187,000. The premises, which do not constitute an industrial building,

were acquired on 1 August 2002 for ￡1,808,000 and the goodwill has been generated internally by the

company. The machinery and equipment cost ￡294,000; no one item will be sold for more than its original cost.

The tax adjusted trading profit of Carver Ltd in 2007, before taking account of both capital allowances and the

sale of the business assets, is expected to be ￡81,000. The balance on the plant and machinery pool for the

purposes of capital allowances as at 31 December 2006 was ￡231,500. Machinery costing ￡38,000 was

purchased on 1 March 2007. Carver Ltd is classified as a small company for the purposes of capital allowances.

On 1 August 2007, the proceeds from the sale of the business will be invested in either an office building or a

portfolio of UK quoted company shares, as follows:

Office building

The office building would be acquired for ￡3,100,000; the vendor is not registered for value added tax (VAT).

Carver Ltd would borrow the additional funds required from a UK bank. The building is let to a number of

commercial tenants who are not connected with Carver Ltd and will pay rent, in total, of ￡54,000 per calendar

quarter, in advance, commencing on 1 August 2007. The company’s expenditure for the period from 1 August

2007 to 31 December 2007 is expected to be:

￡

Loan interest payable to UK bank 16,000

Building maintenance costs 7,500

Share portfolio

Shares would be purchased for the amount of the proceeds from the sale of the business with no need for further

loan finance. It is estimated that the share portfolio would generate dividends of ￡36,000 and capital gains, after

indexation allowance, of ￡10,000 in the period from 1 August 2007 to 31 December 2007.

All figures are stated exclusive of value added tax (VAT).

Required:

(i) Taking account of the proposed sale of the business on 31 July 2007, state with reasons the date(s) on

which Carver Ltd must submit its corporation tax return(s) for the year ending 31 December 2007.

(2 marks)

正确答案：
(a) (i) Due date for submission of corporation tax return
Carver Ltd intends to cease trading on 31 July 2007. This will bring to an end the accounting period that began on
1 January 2007. A new accounting period will commence on 1 August 2007 and end on the company’s accounting
reference date on 31 December 2007.
Carver Ltd is required to submit its corporation tax return by the later of:
– one year after the end of its accounting period; and
– one year after the end of the period of account in which the last day of the accounting period falls.
Accordingly, the company must submit its corporation tax returns for both accounting periods by 31 December 2008.

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