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Careers for Women
It is only seventy years since British women got the right to vote.Some people think this is the main reason why women are so under-represented in politics,trade unions and big businesses.Others feel it is simply because that they are much too busy doing other things.The old saying"a woman's place is in the home"may seem out of date to most people,but the old,fixed image of a woman as a supporting wife and caring mother is certainly still usual一one only has to watch a few television ads.
In 1975 the law did not allow women to be paid less than men doing the same work.Certainly it is usually the case nowadays that women doing the same jobs as men get the same money for doing it. But generally women do not do the same jobs:they do different ones that offer lower salaries.
In the United States,there are two million women entering the workforce every year. The new workers include all ages and backgrounds:teenagers,college students,young housewives,and older women who have lost their husbands.Altogether,more than half of the eighty-four million women in
the United States are now employed or seeking employment.Most of them are still holding tightly to the womanly jobs such as nursing,teaching,catering and office work jobs that can be seen as an extension of the mothering role.
Although the areas women work in are almost all those of"service",a growing number of pioneers are venturing into other fields. They run business;they manage farms;they become astronauts, carpenters,lawyers,truck or taxi-drivers,coal miners,or politicians.They join the army or the navy.So far no woman has become president of the country;but that might happen,as indeed it has happened in other countries.
Apart from looking after people during the day at work,women often have to take care of a family at home too,which may mean they have less energy to compete in the race for professional development. In almost every field,top positions are more likely to be filled by men. While most teachers are women,for example,most head masters are not.School cooks are women,head cooks are men and even cleaners tend to be watched over and directed by male caretakers.
Careers for Women
It is only seventy years since British women got the right to vote.Some people think this is the main reason why women are so under-represented in politics,trade unions and big businesses.Others feel it is simply because that they are much too busy doing other things.The old saying"a woman's place is in the home"may seem out of date to most people,but the old,fixed image of a woman as a supporting wife and caring mother is certainly still usual一one only has to watch a few television ads.
In 1975 the law did not allow women to be paid less than men doing the same work.Certainly it is usually the case nowadays that women doing the same jobs as men get the same money for doing it. But generally women do not do the same jobs:they do different ones that offer lower salaries.
In the United States,there are two million women entering the workforce every year. The new workers include all ages and backgrounds:teenagers,college students,young housewives,and older women who have lost their husbands.Altogether,more than half of the eighty-four million women in
the United States are now employed or seeking employment.Most of them are still holding tightly to the womanly jobs such as nursing,teaching,catering and office work jobs that can be seen as an extension of the mothering role.
Although the areas women work in are almost all those of"service",a growing number of pioneers are venturing into other fields. They run business;they manage farms;they become astronauts, carpenters,lawyers,truck or taxi-drivers,coal miners,or politicians.They join the army or the navy.So far no woman has become president of the country;but that might happen,as indeed it has happened in other countries.
Apart from looking after people during the day at work,women often have to take care of a family at home too,which may mean they have less energy to compete in the race for professional development. In almost every field,top positions are more likely to be filled by men. While most teachers are women,for example,most head masters are not.School cooks are women,head cooks are men and even cleaners tend to be watched over and directed by male caretakers.
Women usually get the same money as men do for doing the same jobs.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned
参考答案
参考解析
解析：文章第一段就指出“It is only seventy years since British women got the rightto vote"，七十年前英国妇女才获得了选举权，因此选B
文章并没有提到几十年前妇女是否因为太忙没有时间参加社会事务，所以选C。
该判断正确。文中第二段提到“Certainly it is usually the case nowadaysthat women doing the same jobs as men get the same money for doing it.”即通常和男人做同样工作的女人拿到的钱和男人一样多。
第三段最后一句说到很多妇女做的工作“can be seen as an extension of themothering role"，这些工作都可以被看作是看顾、照料型角色的扩展，mothering意思是“像母亲般照顾人的”而非“母亲”的意思，所以选B。
文章并没有提到美国是否在短期内就会产生一名女性总统，只是说“Sofar no woman has become president of the country; but that might happen"，即有可能产生女总统，所以选C。
文章最后一段表明一个事实，即女性在工作和家庭中都需要做照顾性的工作，而这也许意味着“they have less energy to compete in the race for professional development", 而不是在工作上天生不如男性精力旺盛，所以选B
文章最后一段倒数第二句提到“While most teachers are women ...most head masters are not"，即虽然大多数教师是女性，但学校的校长却不是女性。所以A正确。
文章并没有提到几十年前妇女是否因为太忙没有时间参加社会事务，所以选C。
该判断正确。文中第二段提到“Certainly it is usually the case nowadaysthat women doing the same jobs as men get the same money for doing it.”即通常和男人做同样工作的女人拿到的钱和男人一样多。
第三段最后一句说到很多妇女做的工作“can be seen as an extension of themothering role"，这些工作都可以被看作是看顾、照料型角色的扩展，mothering意思是“像母亲般照顾人的”而非“母亲”的意思，所以选B。
文章并没有提到美国是否在短期内就会产生一名女性总统，只是说“Sofar no woman has become president of the country; but that might happen"，即有可能产生女总统，所以选C。
文章最后一段表明一个事实，即女性在工作和家庭中都需要做照顾性的工作，而这也许意味着“they have less energy to compete in the race for professional development", 而不是在工作上天生不如男性精力旺盛，所以选B
文章最后一段倒数第二句提到“While most teachers are women ...most head masters are not"，即虽然大多数教师是女性，但学校的校长却不是女性。所以A正确。
更多 “共用题干 Careers for WomenIt is only seventy years since British women got the right to vote.Some people think this is the main reason why women are so under-represented in politics,trade unions and big businesses.Others feel it is simply because that they are much too busy doing other things.The old saying"a woman's place is in the home"may seem out of date to most people,but the old,fixed image of a woman as a supporting wife and caring mother is certainly still usual一one only has to watch a few television ads.In 1975 the law did not allow women to be paid less than men doing the same work.Certainly it is usually the case nowadays that women doing the same jobs as men get the same money for doing it. But generally women do not do the same jobs:they do different ones that offer lower salaries.In the United States,there are two million women entering the workforce every year. The new workers include all ages and backgrounds:teenagers,college students,young housewives,and older women who have lost their husbands.Altogether,more than half of the eighty-four million women inthe United States are now employed or seeking employment.Most of them are still holding tightly to the womanly jobs such as nursing,teaching,catering and office work jobs that can be seen as an extension of the mothering role.Although the areas women work in are almost all those of"service",a growing number of pioneers are venturing into other fields. They run business;they manage farms;they become astronauts, carpenters,lawyers,truck or taxi-drivers,coal miners,or politicians.They join the army or the navy.So far no woman has become president of the country;but that might happen,as indeed it has happened in other countries.Apart from looking after people during the day at work,women often have to take care of a family at home too,which may mean they have less energy to compete in the race for professional development. In almost every field,top positions are more likely to be filled by men. While most teachers are women,for example,most head masters are not.School cooks are women,head cooks are men and even cleaners tend to be watched over and directed by male caretakers.Women usually get the same money as men do for doing the same jobs.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned” 相关考题
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阅读理解（40分）根据下列材料请回答 46～50 题：AThe law says that women should have the chance of doing the same jobs as men and earn the same as them.The reality is very different. Women lose because, 25 years after the Equal Pay Act, many of them still get paid less than men.They lose because they do lower-paid jobs which men just won' t consider. And they lose because they are the ones who interrupt a career to have children.All this is reported in an independent study ordered by the Government's Women's Unite.The biggest problem isn’t equal pay in workplaces such as factories. It is a sort of work womendo.Make a list of the low-paid jobs, then consider who does them.Try nurses, secretaries, cleaners, clerks, teachers in primary schools, dinner ladies, and childcare helpers. Not a lot of men among that group, are there?Yet some of those jobs are really important. Surely no one would deny that about nurses and teachers, for a start.So why do we reward the people who do them so poorly? There can be only one answer-- because they are women.This is not going to be put right overnight. But the Government which employs a lot of them, and other bosses have to make a start.It is disgraceful(可耻的) that we have gone into the 21st Century but still treat women as second-class citizens.第 46 题 Women should have the chance of doing the same jobs and be paid equally as men_________.A． after 25 yearsB． according to the lawC． as a result of the Equal Pay ActD． because women are as strong as men
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C It is have xxxxxx that clothing manufacturcrs(生产商)follow certa a untharm standards far yarious featurce(特征)of clothes. What seerns strange, however. Is that the xxxxxx adopted for women is the opposite of the one for men. Take a look at the way your clodns buntm. Men’s clothes tend to button from the right, and women’s form. the left. Lonsidering most of the world’s popalation—men and women—are right-handnd, the men’s standard would apper inake more sense for women. Xxxxx why do women’s clethes bution from the left? Histov mally coms to matter here. Buttons finst appcaned only on the lothes or the rich in the 17th camary. When rich women were dressed by servents. For the mostly right-hand-d servants, having women’s shirts button from the left would be easier. On the other hand, having men’s shirt button from the right made secse.too. Most men dressed themselves, and a swont drawn from the lelt with the right hand would be lese likely to get catght in the sairt. Tady women are seldom dressed by scryants. Hat tuaoning from the lefts still the standard for them. Is it intcesting? Actually, a standoont, once set, resists change. At a time when all women’s shirts buttoned from the left, it would have been risky for any sigle manufactura is offer women’s shirts that battoned from the right. After all, women had grown so used to shirts whirt unored from the left and would have to devclop new habits and skills to switch. Benides, come women might have found it socially awkward to appear in public wearing shirts that buttoned from the right, since anyone who rociced that would believe they were wearing men’s shirts.第64题：What is surprising about the standard of the clothing industry?A.It has been followed by the industry for over 400 years.B.It is different for men’s clothing and women’s.C.It works better with men than with women.D.It fails to consider right-handed people.
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CIt is hardly surprising that clothing manufacturers （生产商）follow certain uniform. standards for various features（特征）of clothes. What seems strange , however, is that the standard adopted for women is the opposite of the one for men. Take a look at the way your clothes button. Men’s clothes tend to button from the right, and women’s form. the left. Considering most of the word’s population-men and women-are right-handed, the men’s standard would appear to make more sense for women. So why do women’s clothes button from the left?History really seems to matter here. Button first appeared only on the clothes of the rich in the17th century, when rich women were dressed by servants. For the mostly right-handed servants, having women’s shirts button from the left would be easier. On the other hang, having men’s shirts button form. the right made sense, too. Most men dressed themselves, and a sword drawn from the left with the right hang would be less likely to get caught in the shirt.Today women are seldom dressed by servants, but buttoning form. the left is still the standard for them. Is it interesting? Actually, a standard , once set, resists change. At a time when all women’s shirts buttoned form. the left, it would have been risky for any single manufacture to offer women’s shirts that buttoned the right. After all, women had grown so used to shirts which buttoned from the left and would have to develop new habits and skills to switch. Besides from the right, since anyone who noticed that would believe they were wearing men’s shirts.64. What is surprising about the standard of the clothing industry?A. It has been followed by the industry for over 400 years.B. It is different for men’s clothing and women’s.C. It woks better with men than with women.D. It fails to consider right-handed people.
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Women with AIDSFor a long time women with HIV were ignored because the focus was totally on HIV men.The gay community was very much in sight and vocal and successfully got support for its cause.Now we are rapidly approaching the point where about one half of all AIDS cases in the world are women .But no one is taking this dangerously high level of infection among women seriously enough.Women usually have a worse time dealing with HIV than men do.In most cases,the woman is taking care of children as well as her sick partner. She may not even have time to take care of her-self. The HIV- positive woman ends up shouldering the family as well as her own personal prob- lems.Men,however,are usually the ones who have insurance income and access to doctors.They get care.Women often do not.The discrimination against HIV-positive women is simply terrible.They are likely to be more inactive than men in home and workplace because too many people think that women are the cause of the discase .This is not at all true.They get it from a man.They don't just simply have HIV.Of cause,there's a social discrimination against all people with HIV.They are scared that other peo- ple will know they are HIV-positive and that they will,therefore be discriminated against.For ex-ample,it's very difficult for people with HIV to travel.They are not allowed to enter many coun- tries,including the United States,China and Russia.The biggest difficulty an HIV-positive woman must face is the isolation.Once the woman knows she's HIV-positive,she lives in fear that other people will find out. She's so frightened she will go into hiding,into an isolated place by herself. It's not at all uncommon to meet a woman who has been HIV-positive for nearly 10 years and has never told anyone,except her doctor. And the resulting stress is enough to make her sick.But HIV-positive women who get support,who can discuss their trouble and then do something about it-whether that means taking better care of them-selves or going to the United Nations to struggle for their rights-are likely to live longer. Active women don't die out of shame in a corner. This happens to too many HIV-positive women. Active women with AIDS tend live longer.A: RightB: WrongC: Not mentioned
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Women with AIDSFor a long time women with HIV were ignored because the focus was totally on HIV men.The gay community was very much in sight and vocal and successfully got support for its cause.Now we are rapidly approaching the point where about one haff of all AIDS cases in the. world are women. But no one is taking this dangerously high level of infection among women seriously enough.Women usually have a worse time dealing with HIV than men do.In most cases,the woman is taking care of children as well as her sick partner. She may not even have time to take care of herself. The HIV-positive woman ends up shouldering the family as well as her own personal problems. Men,however,are usually the ones who have insurance income and access to doctors.They get care.Women often do not.The discrimination against HIV-positive women is simply terrible.They are likely to be more inactive than men in the home and workplace because too many people think that women are the cause of the disease.This is not at all true.They get it from a man.They don't just simply have HIV.Of course,there's a social discrimination against all people with HIV.They are scared that other people will know they are HJV-positive and that they will,therefore be discriminated against. For example,it's very difficult for people with HIV to travel.They are not allowed to enter many countries,including the United States,China and Russia.The biggest difficulty an HIV-positive woman must face is the isolatjon.Once the woman knows she's HIV-positive,she lives in fear that other people will find out.She's so frightened she will go into hiding,into an isolated place by herself. It's not at all uncommon to meet a woman who has been HIV-positive for nearly 10 years and has never told anyone,except her doctor. And the resulting stress is enough to make her sick.But HIV-positive women who get support,who can discuss their trouble and then do something about it一whether that means taking better care of themselves or going to the United Nations to struggle for their rights一are likely to live longer. Active women don't die out of shame in a corner. This happens to too many HIV-positive women.Women with AIDS are encouraged to tell their trouble to others.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
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Women with AIDSFor a long time women with HIV were ignored because the focus was totally on HIV men.The gay community was very much in sight and vocal and successfully got support for its cause.Now we are rapidly approaching the point where about one half of all AIDS cases in the world are women .But no one is taking this dangerously high level of infection among women seriously enough.Women usually have a worse time dealing with HIV than men do.In most cases,the woman is taking care of children as well as her sick partner. She may not even have time to take care of her-self. The HIV- positive woman ends up shouldering the family as well as her own personal prob- lems.Men,however,are usually the ones who have insurance income and access to doctors.They get care.Women often do not.The discrimination against HIV-positive women is simply terrible.They are likely to be more inactive than men in home and workplace because too many people think that women are the cause of the discase .This is not at all true.They get it from a man.They don't just simply have HIV.Of cause,there's a social discrimination against all people with HIV.They are scared that other peo- ple will know they are HIV-positive and that they will,therefore be discriminated against.For ex-ample,it's very difficult for people with HIV to travel.They are not allowed to enter many coun- tries,including the United States,China and Russia.The biggest difficulty an HIV-positive woman must face is the isolation.Once the woman knows she's HIV-positive,she lives in fear that other people will find out. She's so frightened she will go into hiding,into an isolated place by herself. It's not at all uncommon to meet a woman who has been HIV-positive for nearly 10 years and has never told anyone,except her doctor. And the resulting stress is enough to make her sick.But HIV-positive women who get support,who can discuss their trouble and then do something about it-whether that means taking better care of them-selves or going to the United Nations to struggle for their rights-are likely to live longer. Active women don't die out of shame in a corner. This happens to too many HIV-positive women.A: RightB: WrongC: Not mentioned
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Women with AIDSFor a long time women with HIV were ignored because the focus was totally on HIV men.The gay community was very much in sight and vocal and successfully got support for its cause.Now we are rapidly approaching the point where about one haff of all AIDS cases in the. world are women. But no one is taking this dangerously high level of infection among women seriously enough.Women usually have a worse time dealing with HIV than men do.In most cases,the woman is taking care of children as well as her sick partner. She may not even have time to take care of herself. The HIV-positive woman ends up shouldering the family as well as her own personal problems. Men,however,are usually the ones who have insurance income and access to doctors.They get care.Women often do not.The discrimination against HIV-positive women is simply terrible.They are likely to be more inactive than men in the home and workplace because too many people think that women are the cause of the disease.This is not at all true.They get it from a man.They don't just simply have HIV.Of course,there's a social discrimination against all people with HIV.They are scared that other people will know they are HJV-positive and that they will,therefore be discriminated against. For example,it's very difficult for people with HIV to travel.They are not allowed to enter many countries,including the United States,China and Russia.The biggest difficulty an HIV-positive woman must face is the isolatjon.Once the woman knows she's HIV-positive,she lives in fear that other people will find out.She's so frightened she will go into hiding,into an isolated place by herself. It's not at all uncommon to meet a woman who has been HIV-positive for nearly 10 years and has never told anyone,except her doctor. And the resulting stress is enough to make her sick.But HIV-positive women who get support,who can discuss their trouble and then do something about it一whether that means taking better care of themselves or going to the United Nations to struggle for their rights一are likely to live longer. Active women don't die out of shame in a corner. This happens to too many HIV-positive women.There are more AIDS cases in the United States,China and Russia.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
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Women with AIDSFor a long time women with HIV were ignored because the focus was totally on HIV men.The gay community was very much in sight and vocal and successfully got support for its cause.Now we are rapidly approaching the point where about one haff of all AIDS cases in the. world are women. But no one is taking this dangerously high level of infection among women seriously enough.Women usually have a worse time dealing with HIV than men do.In most cases,the woman is taking care of children as well as her sick partner. She may not even have time to take care of herself. The HIV-positive woman ends up shouldering the family as well as her own personal problems. Men,however,are usually the ones who have insurance income and access to doctors.They get care.Women often do not.The discrimination against HIV-positive women is simply terrible.They are likely to be more inactive than men in the home and workplace because too many people think that women are the cause of the disease.This is not at all true.They get it from a man.They don't just simply have HIV.Of course,there's a social discrimination against all people with HIV.They are scared that other people will know they are HJV-positive and that they will,therefore be discriminated against. For example,it's very difficult for people with HIV to travel.They are not allowed to enter many countries,including the United States,China and Russia.The biggest difficulty an HIV-positive woman must face is the isolatjon.Once the woman knows she's HIV-positive,she lives in fear that other people will find out.She's so frightened she will go into hiding,into an isolated place by herself. It's not at all uncommon to meet a woman who has been HIV-positive for nearly 10 years and has never told anyone,except her doctor. And the resulting stress is enough to make her sick.But HIV-positive women who get support,who can discuss their trouble and then do something about it一whether that means taking better care of themselves or going to the United Nations to struggle for their rights一are likely to live longer. Active women don't die out of shame in a corner. This happens to too many HIV-positive women.There is social discrimination against only women with HIV.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
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Women with AIDSFor a long time women with HIV were ignored because the focus was totally on HIV men.The gay community was very much in sight and vocal and successfully got support for its cause.Now we are rapidly approaching the point where about one half of all AIDS cases in the world are women .But no one is taking this dangerously high level of infection among women seriously enough.Women usually have a worse time dealing with HIV than men do.In most cases,the woman is taking care of children as well as her sick partner. She may not even have time to take care of her-self. The HIV- positive woman ends up shouldering the family as well as her own personal prob- lems.Men,however,are usually the ones who have insurance income and access to doctors.They get care.Women often do not.The discrimination against HIV-positive women is simply terrible.They are likely to be more inactive than men in home and workplace because too many people think that women are the cause of the discase .This is not at all true.They get it from a man.They don't just simply have HIV.Of cause,there's a social discrimination against all people with HIV.They are scared that other peo- ple will know they are HIV-positive and that they will,therefore be discriminated against.For ex-ample,it's very difficult for people with HIV to travel.They are not allowed to enter many coun- tries,including the United States,China and Russia.The biggest difficulty an HIV-positive woman must face is the isolation.Once the woman knows she's HIV-positive,she lives in fear that other people will find out. She's so frightened she will go into hiding,into an isolated place by herself. It's not at all uncommon to meet a woman who has been HIV-positive for nearly 10 years and has never told anyone,except her doctor. And the resulting stress is enough to make her sick.But HIV-positive women who get support,who can discuss their trouble and then do something about it-whether that means taking better care of them-selves or going to the United Nations to struggle for their rights-are likely to live longer. Active women don't die out of shame in a corner. This happens to too many HIV-positive women. There is social discrimination against only women with HIV.A: RightB: WrongC: Not mentioned
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Mad Scientist Stereotype OutdatedDo people still imagine a physicist as a bearded man in glasses or has the image of the mad scientist changed?The Institute of Physics set out to find out whether the stereotype of a physics"boffin"（科学家）still exists by conducting a survey on shoppers in London. The people were asked to identify the physicist from a photograph of a line-up of possible suspects.98 percent of those asked got it wrong.The majority of people picked a white male of around 60,wearing glasses and with a white beard.While this stereotype may have been the image of an average physicist fifty years ago, the reality is now very different. Since 1 960 the number of young women entering physics has doubled and the average age of a physicist is now 31.The stereotype of the absent-minded scientist has lasted a long time because the media and Hollywood help promote the image of men in white lab coats with glasses sitting by blackboards full of equations（等式）or working with fizzing（嘶嘶响）test tubes. These stereotypes are really damaging to society.Very good school children are put off studying science because they don't see people like themselves on television or in magazines doing science.They simply don't relate to the media's image of the mad scientist.This is one reason why fewer young people are choosing to do science at university.Ifwe want to encourage more young people to study science subjects,we need to change this image of the scientist and make science careers more attractive.But we must also develop children's interest in science.In an attempt to change this negative image,an increasing number of science festivals are being organized.Thousands of people from secondary schools are also encouraged to take part in nationwide science competitions of which the most popular are the national science Olympiads.Winning national teams then get the opportunity to take part in the International Science Olympiads which are held in a different country every year.These events are all interesting for the young people who take part but they only involve a small proportion of students who are already interested in science.It seems that there is a long way to go before science becomes attractive as subjects like computer studies or fashion and design.There will be more women scientists than men scientists in the future.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
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Changes of Women's RoleThe role of women in Britain has changed a lot in this century,______(51)in the last twenty years.The main change has been______(52)giving women greater equality with men.Up to the beginning of this century,women seem to have had______(53)rights.They could not vote and were kept at home.______(54),as far as we know,most women were happy with this situation. Today,women in Britain certainly______(55)more rights than they used to.They were ______(56)the vote in 1919._________(1919.)In 1970 a law was passed to give them an equal______(57)of wealth in the case of divorce,______(58)the Equal Pay Act gave them the right of equal paywith men for work of equal value in the same year.Yet______(59)these changes,there are still great difference in status between men and women.Many employers seem to______(60)the Equal Pay Act,and the average working women is______(61)to earn only about half that a man earns for the same job.______(62) a survey,at present,only one-third of the country's workers are______(63)women.This small percentage is partly______(64)a shortage of nurseries.If there were______(65)nurseries, twice as many women might well go out to work._________(52)A:towards B:againstC:upon D:through
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Changes of Women's RoleThe role of women in Britain has changed a lot in this century,______(51)in the last twenty years.The main change has been______(52)giving women greater equality with men.Up to the beginning of this century,women seem to have had______(53)rights.They could not vote and were kept at home.______(54),as far as we know,most women were happy with this situation. Today,women in Britain certainly______(55)more rights than they used to.They were ______(56)the vote in 1919._________(1919.)In 1970 a law was passed to give them an equal______(57)of wealth in the case of divorce,______(58)the Equal Pay Act gave them the right of equal paywith men for work of equal value in the same year.Yet______(59)these changes,there are still great difference in status between men and women.Many employers seem to______(60)the Equal Pay Act,and the average working women is______(61)to earn only about half that a man earns for the same job.______(62) a survey,at present,only one-third of the country's workers are______(63)women.This small percentage is partly______(64)a shortage of nurseries.If there were______(65)nurseries, twice as many women might well go out to work._________(62)A:Apart form B:According toC:Because of D:In addition to
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Survey Found Many Women Misinformed About Cancer Sixty-three percent of American women think that if there's no family history of cancer,they're not likely to develop the disease,a new survey found. In fact,most people who develop cancer have no family history of cancer,according to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists ( ACOG)（美国妇产科医师学会）,which sponsored the survey. "Too many women are dying from cancer,"Dr.Douglas W.Laube,ACOG's immediate past president, said during a Friday teleconference."An estimated 200,070 women will die in the U.S.this year,and over 600 , 078 women will be diagnosed with cancer.The results of this survey found a worrisome（令人担忧的） gap in women's knowledge about cancer." Based on the findings,ACOG is increasing its efforts to educate women about cancer and the need for regular screening tests. Although the survey found many misconceptions（错误观念）about cancer , 76 percent of women surveyed did say they feel knowledgeable about how they can reduce their risk of the disease. However,only 52 percent said they were doing enough to reduce that risk.And 10 percent said they hadn't done anything in the past years to lower their risk.17 percent said they wouldn't change their lifestyles, even if changes would lower their cancer risk. Many women said they were afraid to undergo screening out of fear of finding cancer.Twenty percent said they didn't want to know if they had cancer. In response to these findings,ACOG will launch on Oct.29 a new website-Protect & Detect:What Women Should Know about Cancer.The guide is designed to help women to take charge of their health and improve their understanding of their risk of cancer-and the lifestyle steps they can take to cut that risk.People with no family history of cancer are unlikely to develop cancer.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
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1.Is there something seriously wrong with marriage today?During the past 50 years,the rate of divorce in the United States has exploded:almost 50%of marriages end in divorce now,and the evidence suggests it is going to get worse.If this trend continues,it will lead to the breakup of the family,according to a spokesperson for the National Family Association.Some futurists predict that in 100 years, the average American will marry at least four times, and extramarital（婚外的）affairs will be even more common than they are now.2.But what are the reasons for this,and is the picture really so gloomy?The answer to the first question is really quite simple:marriage is no longer the necessity it once was.The institution of marriage has been based for years partly on economic need.Women used to be economically dependent on their husbands.But with the rising number of women in well-paying jobs,this is no ionger the case.So they don't feel that they need to stay in a failing marriage.3.In answer to the second question,the outlook may not be as pessimistic as it seems.While the rate of divorce has risen,the rate of couples marrying has never actually fallen very much,so marriage is still quite popular. In addition to this,many couples now simply live together and don't bother to marry.These couples are effectively married,but they do not appear in either the marriage or divorce statistics.In fact,more than 50% of first marriages survive.4.So is marriage really an outdated institution?The fact that most people still get married mndicates that it isn't. And it is also true that married couples have a healthier life than single people: they suffer less from stress and its consequences such as heart problems,and married men generally consider themselves more contented than their single counterparts.Perhaps the key is to find out what makes a successful marriage and apply it to all of our relationships!Paragraph 3__________A:The reason for the increase of divorce rate.B:The breakup of the family because of the high divorce rate.C:The health benefits of marriage for people.D:A gloomy picture of marriage in the U.S..E:The reason why marriage will continue to exist.F: The reason why the outlook of marriage may not be as bad as it looks.
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Mad Scientist Stereotype Outdated Do people still imagine a physicist as a bearded man in glasses or has the image of the mad scientist changed? The Institute of Physics set out to find out whether the stereotype of a physics"boffin"（科学家） still exists by conducting a survey on shoppers in London.The people were asked to identify the physicist from a photograph of a line-up of possible suspects.98 percent of those asked got it wrong.The majority of people picked a white male of around 60,wearing glasses and with a white beard. While this stereotype may have been the image of an average physicist fifty years ago,the reality is now very different.Since 1960 the number of young women entering physics has doubled and the average age of a physicist is now 31. The stereotype of the absent-minded scientist has lasted a long time because the media and Hollywood help promote the image of men in white lab coats with glasses sitting by blackboards full of equations（等式） or working with fizzing（嘶嘶响）test tubes.These stereotypes are really damaging to society.Very good school children are put off studying science because they don't see people like themselves on television or in magazines doing science.They simply don't relate to the media's image of the mad scientist. This is one reason why fewer young people are choosing to do science at university.if we want to encourage more young people to study science subjects,we need to change this image of the scientist and make science careers more attractive.But we must also develop children's interest in science. In an attempt to change this negative image,an increasing number of science festivals are being organized. Thousands of people from secondary schools are also encouraged to take part in nationwide science competitions, of which the most popular are the National Science Olympiads.Winning national teams then get the opportunity to take part in the International Science Olympiads which are held in a different country every year.These events are all interesting for the young people who take part in but they only involve a small proportion of students who are already interested in science.It seems that there is a long way to go before science becomes attractive as subjects like computer studies or fashion and design.There will be more women scientists than men scientists in the future.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
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Mad Scientist Stereotype Outdated Do people still imagine a physicist as a bearded man in glasses or has the image of the mad scientist changed? The Institute of Physics set out to find out whether the stereotype of a physics"boffin"（科学家） still exists by conducting a survey on shoppers in London.The people were asked to identify the physicist from a photograph of a line-up of possible suspects.98 percent of those asked got it wrong.The majority of people picked a white male of around 60,wearing glasses and with a white beard. While this stereotype may have been the image of an average physicist fifty years ago,the reality is now very different.Since 1960 the number of young women entering physics has doubled and the average age of a physicist is now 31. The stereotype of the absent-minded scientist has lasted a long time because the media and Hollywood help promote the image of men in white lab coats with glasses sitting by blackboards full of equations（等式） or working with fizzing（嘶嘶响）test tubes.These stereotypes are really damaging to society.Very good school children are put off studying science because they don't see people like themselves on television or in magazines doing science.They simply don't relate to the media's image of the mad scientist. This is one reason why fewer young people are choosing to do science at university.if we want to encourage more young people to study science subjects,we need to change this image of the scientist and make science careers more attractive.But we must also develop children's interest in science. In an attempt to change this negative image,an increasing number of science festivals are being organized. Thousands of people from secondary schools are also encouraged to take part in nationwide science competitions, of which the most popular are the National Science Olympiads.Winning national teams then get the opportunity to take part in the International Science Olympiads which are held in a different country every year.These events are all interesting for the young people who take part in but they only involve a small proportion of students who are already interested in science.It seems that there is a long way to go before science becomes attractive as subjects like computer studies or fashion and design.The.International Science Olympiads are held once every two years.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
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Careers for WomenIt is only seventy years since British women got the right to vote.Some people think this is the main reason why women are so under-represented in politics,trade unions and big businesses.Others feel it is simply because that they are much too busy doing other things.The old saying"a woman's place is in the home"may seem out of date to most people,but the old,fixed image of a woman as a supporting wife and caring mother is certainly still usual一one only has to watch a few television ads.In 1975 the law did not allow women to be paid less than men doing the same work.Certainly it is usually the case nowadays that women doing the same jobs as men get the same money for doing it. But generally women do not do the same jobs:they do different ones that offer lower salaries.In the United States,there are two million women entering the workforce every year. The new workers include all ages and backgrounds:teenagers,college students,young housewives,and older women who have lost their husbands.Altogether,more than half of the eighty-four million women inthe United States are now employed or seeking employment.Most of them are still holding tightly to the womanly jobs such as nursing,teaching,catering and office work jobs that can be seen as an extension of the mothering role.Although the areas women work in are almost all those of"service",a growing number of pioneers are venturing into other fields. They run business;they manage farms;they become astronauts, carpenters,lawyers,truck or taxi-drivers,coal miners,or politicians.They join the army or the navy.So far no woman has become president of the country;but that might happen,as indeed it has happened in other countries.Apart from looking after people during the day at work,women often have to take care of a family at home too,which may mean they have less energy to compete in the race for professional development. In almost every field,top positions are more likely to be filled by men. While most teachers are women,for example,most head masters are not.School cooks are women,head cooks are men and even cleaners tend to be watched over and directed by male caretakers.Women are naturally less competitive than men in work since they are not as energetic as men.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
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Careers for WomenIt is only seventy years since British women got the right to vote.Some people think this is the main reason why women are so under-represented in politics,trade unions and big businesses.Others feel it is simply because that they are much too busy doing other things.The old saying"a woman's place is in the home"may seem out of date to most people,but the old,fixed image of a woman as a supporting wife and caring mother is certainly still usual一one only has to watch a few television ads.In 1975 the law did not allow women to be paid less than men doing the same work.Certainly it is usually the case nowadays that women doing the same jobs as men get the same money for doing it. But generally women do not do the same jobs:they do different ones that offer lower salaries.In the United States,there are two million women entering the workforce every year. The new workers include all ages and backgrounds:teenagers,college students,young housewives,and older women who have lost their husbands.Altogether,more than half of the eighty-four million women inthe United States are now employed or seeking employment.Most of them are still holding tightly to the womanly jobs such as nursing,teaching,catering and office work jobs that can be seen as an extension of the mothering role.Although the areas women work in are almost all those of"service",a growing number of pioneers are venturing into other fields. They run business;they manage farms;they become astronauts, carpenters,lawyers,truck or taxi-drivers,coal miners,or politicians.They join the army or the navy.So far no woman has become president of the country;but that might happen,as indeed it has happened in other countries.Apart from looking after people during the day at work,women often have to take care of a family at home too,which may mean they have less energy to compete in the race for professional development. In almost every field,top positions are more likely to be filled by men. While most teachers are women,for example,most head masters are not.School cooks are women,head cooks are men and even cleaners tend to be watched over and directed by male caretakers.Decades ago women were too busy to get involved in social affairs.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
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Careers for WomenIt is only seventy years since British women got the right to vote.Some people think this is the main reason why women are so under-represented in politics,trade unions and big businesses.Others feel it is simply because that they are much too busy doing other things.The old saying"a woman's place is in the home"may seem out of date to most people,but the old,fixed image of a woman as a supporting wife and caring mother is certainly still usual一one only has to watch a few television ads.In 1975 the law did not allow women to be paid less than men doing the same work.Certainly it is usually the case nowadays that women doing the same jobs as men get the same money for doing it. But generally women do not do the same jobs:they do different ones that offer lower salaries.In the United States,there are two million women entering the workforce every year. The new workers include all ages and backgrounds:teenagers,college students,young housewives,and older women who have lost their husbands.Altogether,more than half of the eighty-four million women inthe United States are now employed or seeking employment.Most of them are still holding tightly to the womanly jobs such as nursing,teaching,catering and office work jobs that can be seen as an extension of the mothering role.Although the areas women work in are almost all those of"service",a growing number of pioneers are venturing into other fields. They run business;they manage farms;they become astronauts, carpenters,lawyers,truck or taxi-drivers,coal miners,or politicians.They join the army or the navy.So far no woman has become president of the country;but that might happen,as indeed it has happened in other countries.Apart from looking after people during the day at work,women often have to take care of a family at home too,which may mean they have less energy to compete in the race for professional development. In almost every field,top positions are more likely to be filled by men. While most teachers are women,for example,most head masters are not.School cooks are women,head cooks are men and even cleaners tend to be watched over and directed by male caretakers.There will be a female president in the near future in the United States.A: Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
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Careers for WomenIt is only seventy years since British women got the right to vote.Some people think this is the main reason why women are so under-represented in politics,trade unions and big businesses.Others feel it is simply because that they are much too busy doing other things.The old saying"a woman's place is in the home"may seem out of date to most people,but the old,fixed image of a woman as a supporting wife and caring mother is certainly still usual一one only has to watch a few television ads.In 1975 the law did not allow women to be paid less than men doing the same work.Certainly it is usually the case nowadays that women doing the same jobs as men get the same money for doing it. But generally women do not do the same jobs:they do different ones that offer lower salaries.In the United States,there are two million women entering the workforce every year. The new workers include all ages and backgrounds:teenagers,college students,young housewives,and older women who have lost their husbands.Altogether,more than half of the eighty-four million women inthe United States are now employed or seeking employment.Most of them are still holding tightly to the womanly jobs such as nursing,teaching,catering and office work jobs that can be seen as an extension of the mothering role.Although the areas women work in are almost all those of"service",a growing number of pioneers are venturing into other fields. They run business;they manage farms;they become astronauts, carpenters,lawyers,truck or taxi-drivers,coal miners,or politicians.They join the army or the navy.So far no woman has become president of the country;but that might happen,as indeed it has happened in other countries.Apart from looking after people during the day at work,women often have to take care of a family at home too,which may mean they have less energy to compete in the race for professional development. In almost every field,top positions are more likely to be filled by men. While most teachers are women,for example,most head masters are not.School cooks are women,head cooks are men and even cleaners tend to be watched over and directed by male caretakers.British women have been granted with the right to vote for quite a long time.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
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第二篇Japan's Single LadiesIt is estimated that in Tokyo 70% of single working women choose to live with their parents and only 50%of them pay some rent. After graduating from college,these women came back to their nest and never left. With their mothers taking care of them,these young ladies are not in a hurry to get married,since they don't do housework or laundry,or cook.Happily unmarried,these called"parasite single",who have become the focus of the Japanese society,interpret marriage as lower standard of living and less money."The problem is that Japan is very different from the United States or Europe,where after marriage it's still possible for a woman to pursue a career,even after having a baby.While in Japan usually the husband doesn't want the wife to work," says Mariko Kawana,who is 27 years old and works as a secretary. Her opinion is agreed by Mild Takasu,who carries a $2 ,900 Bubbery purse,and drives a BMW."If a woman realizes there is something she wants to do after having been married,it is almost unlikely for her to come back to it."This is the first significant group of Japanese women to stay single beyond their early twenties. Their lifestyle and opinions define a kind of Tokyo yuppie.In the past 15 years,the number of women who are single into their late twenties has risen to 50%.They are crazy about shopping,and they spend most of their salaries on luxury and leisure.According to a nationwide survey,in 2003 they surprisingly covered 15%share in the total outbound leisure travel market from Japan,so they are targeted by travel agencies as"the office ladies".In 2002,a shopping tour which concentrated only on shopping in Milan attracted 700 Japanese single ladies in two months,featured none of Italy's famous tourist attractions.The participants didn't even try famous Italian food,but grabbed snacks on the run to the outlet shops.Girls like Miki,who are less affected by Japan's economic downturn,can afford this lifestyle because they live with their parents and they have jobs,and most of their incomes are disposable.Opinions on these young women vary.Some people think that they are good for the economy because they spend their incomes on cars and clothes,while a large number of people think they are destroying society by refusing to get married and have children.Why did they only eat snacks in spite of famous Italian food?A:Because they can't afford it after spending so much money on clothing.B:Because they are not interested in food.C:Because they are not used to Italian food.D:Because they have no time to eat in restaurants.
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Why were the French troops in Canada defeated by the British during theSeven Years.War?（）A、Because they were not used to the weather in Canada.B、Because they did not get support from the local people.C、Because they did not receive the supplies they needed so badly.D、Because the British had larger and better settlements in Canada.
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