单选题In his groundbreaking work on special relativity, Albert Einstein displayed an intellectual boldness in the face of a reluctant scientific establishmentthat was not unlike that of Galileo Galilei, who refused to accept the intellectual limits placed on him by the censors of the Church.A not unlike that of Galileo Galilei, who refusedB like Galileo Galilei and his refusalC not unlike Galileo Galilei, who refusedD like that of Galileo Galilei for refusingE as that of Galileo Galilei, who refused

考题 He knew there were answers _____ his intellectual ________ . A. beyond⋯fieldB. beyond⋯reachC. outside ⋯fieldD. outside ⋯reach

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考题 He was a good worker who was ________ to his family as well as to his work. A.consistentB.committedC.contentD.engaged

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考题 What makes a person a scientist? Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others? The answer is “no”. It is not the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools that makes him a scientist. You will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to a carpenter. You will probably agree, too, that knowing how to investigate, how to discover information, is important to everyone. The scientist, however, goes one step further, he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his questions and that his answer can be confirmed by other persons. He also works to fit the answers he gets to many questions into a large set of ideas about how the world works.The scientist’s knowledge must be exact. There is no room for half right or right just half the time. He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit. What works under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same must be explained by the changes in the conditions. This is one reason that investigations are important in science. Albert Einstein, who developed the Theory of Relativity, arrived at this theory through mathematics. The accuracy of his mathematics was later tested through investigations, and Einstein’s ideas were shown to be correct. A scientist uses many tools for measurements. Then the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations that may test his investigations.11.What makes a scientist according to the passage? ________A.The tools he uses.B.The way he uses his tools.C.His ways of learning.D.The various tools he uses.12.The underlined part in the passage shows_______.A.the importance of informationB.the importance of thinkingC.the difference between scientists and ordinary peopleD.the difference between carpenters and people with other jobs13.A sound scientific theory should be one that _________.A.works not only under one set of conditions at one time, but also under the same conditions at other timesB.does not allow any changes even under different conditionsC.can be used for many purposesD.leaves no room for improvement14.The author quotes the case of Albert Einstein to illustrate __________.A.that measurements are keys to success in scienceB.that accuracy of mathematicsC.that investigations are important in scienceD.that the mathematical calculations may test his investigations15.What is the main idea of the passage? ________A.The theory of relativity.B.Exactness is the core of science.C.Scientists are different from ordinary people.D.Exactness and ways of using tools are the keys to the making of a scientist.

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考题 Text 4 The most thoroughly studied in the history of the new world are the ministers and political leaders of seventeenth-century New England. According to the standard history of American philosophy, nowhere else in colonial America was “So much important attached to intellectual pursuits ” According to many books and articles, New England’s leaders established the basic themes and preoccupations of an unfolding, dominant Puritan tradition in American intellectual life.To take this approach to the New Englanders normally mean to start with the Puritans’ theological innovations and their distinctive ideas about the church-important subjects that we may not neglect. But in keeping with our examination of southern intellectual life, we may consider the original Puritans as carriers of European culture adjusting to New world circumstances. The New England colonies were the scenes of important episodes in the pursuit of widely understood ideals of civility and virtuosity.The early settlers of Massachusetts Bay included men of impressive education and influence in England. `Besides the ninety or so learned ministers who came to Massachusetts church in the decade after 1629,There were political leaders like John Winthrop, an educated gentleman, lawyer, and official of the Crown before he journeyed to Boston. There men wrote and published extensively, reaching both New World and Old World audiences, and giving New England an atmosphere of intellectual earnestness.We should not forget , however, that most New Englanders were less well educated. While few crafts men or farmers, let alone dependents and servants, left literary compositions to be analyzed, The in thinking often had a traditional superstitions quality. A tailor named John Dane, who emigrated in the late 1630s, left an account of his reasons for leaving England that is filled with signs. sexual confusion, economic frustrations , and religious hope-all name together in a decisive moment when he opened the Bible, told his father the first line he saw would settle his fate, and read the magical words: “come out from among them, touch no unclean thing , and I will be your God and you shall be my people.” One wonders what Dane thought of the careful sermons explaining the Bible that he heard in puritan churched.Mean while , many settles had slighter religious commitments than Dane’s, as one clergyman learned in confronting folk along the coast who mocked that they had not come to the New world for religion . “Our main end was to catch fish. ”36. The author notes that in the seventeenth-century New England___________.[A] Puritan tradition dominated political life.[B] intellectual interests were encouraged.[C] Politics benefited much from intellectual endeavors.[D] intellectual pursuits enjoyed a liberal environment.

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考题 47) His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a matter as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.

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考题（46）Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person.此处译文为：

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考题 He _____ finished his work, for he had refused to accept help.A. lonelyB. aloneC. loneD. lonesome

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考题 Cells do not have _____ of their own.A、intelligenceB、intelligentC、intentionD、intellectual

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考题 He was seriously ill, but he refused to __________ accept his fate.A、positivelyB、negativelyC、passivelyD、actively

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考题 Albert Szent-Gy?rgyi would most likely agree that[A] scientific claims will survive challenges.[B]discoveries today inspire future research.[C] efforts to make discoveries are justified.[D]scientific work calls for a critical mind.

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考题根据下列文章，回答36～40题。The most thoroughly studied intellectuals in the history of the New World are the ministers and political leaders of seventeenthcentury New England. According to the standard history of American philosophy, nowhere else in colonial America was “so much important attached to intellectual pursuits.” According to many books and articles, New England’s leaders established the basic themes and preoccupations of an unfolding, dominant Puritan tradition in American intellectual life.To take this approach to the New Englanders normally mean to start with the Puritans’ theological innovations and their distinctive ideas about the church—important subjects that we may not neglect. But in keeping with our examination of southern intellectual life, we may consider the original Puritans as carriers of European culture adjusting to New World circumstances. The New England colonies were the scenes of important episodes in the pursuit of widely understood ideals of civility and virtuosity.The early settlers of Massachusetts Bay included men of impressive education and influence in England. Besides the ninety or so learned ministers who came to Massachusetts church in the decade after 1629, there were political leaders like John Winthrop, an educated gentleman, lawyer, and official of the Crown before he journeyed to Boston. There men wrote and published extensively, reaching both New World and Old World audiences, and giving New England an atmosphere of intellectual earnestness.We should not forget, however, that most New Englanders were less well educated. While few craftsmen or farmers, let alone dependents and servants, left literary compositions to be analyzed, it is obvious that their views were less fully intellectualized. Their thinking often had a traditional superstitions quality. A tailor named John Dane, who emigrated in the late 1630s, left an account of his reasons for leaving England that is filled with signs. Sexual confusion, economic frustrations , and religious hope—all name together in a decisive moment when he opened the Bible, told his father the first line he saw would settle his fate, and read the magical words: “come out from among them, touch no unclean thing , and I will be your God and you shall be my people.” One wonders what Dane thought of the careful sermons explaining the Bible that he heard in puritan churches.Meanwhile , many settlers had slighter religious commitments than Dane’s, as one clergyman learned in confronting folk along the coast who mocked that they had not come to the New world for religion . “Our main end was to catch fish. ”第36题：The author holds that in the seventeenthcentury New EnglandA．Puritan tradition dominated political life.B．intellectual interests were encouraged.C．politics benefited much from intellectual endeavors.D．intellectual pursuits enjoyed a liberal environment.

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考题 [A] intellectual[B] sensual[C] spiritual[D] mental

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考题共用题干 Albert Einstein,whose theories on space time and matter helped unravel the secrets of the atom and of the universe,was chosen as"Person of the Century"by Time Magazine on Sunday.A man whose very name is synonymous with scientific genius,Einstein has come to represent more than any other person the flowering of 20th century scientific thought that set the stage for the age of technology."The world has changed far more in the past 100 years than in any other century in history. The reason is not political or economic,but technological一technologies that flowed directly from advances in basic science,"wrote theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking in a Time essay explaining Einstein's significance._________(46)Time chose as runner-up President Franklin Roosevelt to represent the triumph of freedom and democracy over fascism,and Mahatma Gandhi as an icon for a century when civil and human rights became crucial factors in global politics."What we saw Franklin Roosevelt embodying the great theme of freedoms fight against totalitarianism,Gandhi personifying the great theme of individuals struggling for their rights,and Einstein being both a great genius and a great symbol of a scientific revolution that brought with it amazing technological advances that helped expand the growth of freedom."said Time Magazine Editor Walter Isaacson.Einstein was born in Ulm,Germany in 1879._________(47)He was slow to learn to speak and did not do well in elementary school.He could not stomach organized learning and loathed taking exams.In 1905,however,he was to publish a theory which stands as one of the most intricate examples of human imagination in history._________(48)Everything else一mass,weight,space,even time itself—is a variable.And he offered the world his now-famous equation:energy equals mass times the speed of light squared,E=mc2._________(49)"There was less faith in absolutes,not only of time and space but also of truth and morality."Einstein's famous equation was also the seed that led to the development of atomic energy and weapons.In 1939,six years after he fled European fascism and settled at Princeton University,Einstein,an avowed pacifist,signed a letter to President Roosevelt urging the United States to develop an atomic bomb before Nazi Germany did.________(50)Einstein did not work on the project.Einstein died in Princeton,New Jersey in 1955.________（46）A:"Indirectly,relativity paved the way for a new relativism in morality,art and politics," isaacson wrote in an essay explaining Time's choices.B:How he thought of the relativity theory influenced the general public's view about Albert Einstein.C:"Clearly,no scientist better represents those advances than Albert Einstein."D:Roosevelt heeded the advice and formed the"Manhattan Project"that secretly developed the first atomic weapon.E:In his early years,Einstein did not show the promise of what he was to become.F:In his"Special Theory of Relativity",Einstein described how the only constant in the universe is the speed of light.

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考题 Albert Einstein, the author of the Theory of Relativity, made a () contribution to physics in the twentieth century. .A.separated B.separate C.significant D.severe

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考题共用题干 Albert Einstein's Brain1.It doesn't take an Einstein to recognize that Albert Einstein's brain was very different from yours and mine.The gray matter housed inside that shaggy head managed to revolutionize our concepts of time,space,motion一the very foundations of physical reality一not just once but several times during his astonishing career. Yet while there clearly had to be something remarkable about Einstein's brain,the pathologist who removed it from the great physicist's skull after his death reported that the organ was,to all appearances,well within the normal range一no bigger or heavier than anyone else's.2.But a new analysis of Einstein's brain by Canadian scientists,reported in the current Lancet, reveals that it has some distinctive physical characteristics after all. A portion of the brain that governs mathematical ability and spatial reasoning一two key ingredients to the sort of thinking Einstein did best一was significantly larger than average and may also have had more interconnections among its cells,which could have allowed them to work together more effectively.3.In 1996,Harvey gave much of his data and a significant fraction of the tissue itself to Dr. Sandra Witelson,a neuroscientist who maintains a"brain bank"at McMaster for comparative studies of brain structure and function.These normal,undiseased brains,willed to science by people whose intelligence had been carefully measured before death, gave Witelson a solid set of benchmarks against which to measure the seat of Einstein's brilliant thoughts.Not only was Einstein's inferior parietal region unusually bulky the scientists found,but a feature called the Sylvian fissure was much smaller than average.Without this groove that normally slices through the tissue,the brain cells were packed close together,permitting more interconnections一which in principle can permit more cross-referencing of information and idea, leading to great leaps of insight.4.That's the idea,anyway.But while it's quite plausible according to current neurological theory,that doesn't necessarily,make it true.We know Einstein was a genius,and we now know that his brain was physically different from the average.But none of this proves a cause-and-effect relationship."What you really need,"says McLean's Benes,"is to look at the brains of a number of mathematical geniuses to see if the same abnormalities are present."5.Even if they are,it's possible that the bulked一up brains are a result of strenuous mental exercise,not an inherent feature that makes genius possible.Bottom line:we still don't know whether Einstein was born with an extraordinary mind or whether he earned it,one brilliant idea at a time.We don't know whether Einstein________.A:that doesn't necessarily make it trueB:the cells of mathematicsC:was born with an extraordinary mind or he earned itD:allow the cells work together more effectivelyE:is the same as the averages in size and weight

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考题共用题干 Albert Einstein's Brain1.It doesn't take an Einstein to recognize that Albert Einstein's brain was very different from yours and mine.The gray matter housed inside that shaggy head managed to revolutionize our concepts of time,space,motion一the very foundations of physical reality一not just once but several times during his astonishing career. Yet while there clearly had to be something remarkable about Einstein's brain,the pathologist who removed it from the great physicist's skull after his death reported that the organ was,to all appearances,well within the normal range一no bigger or heavier than anyone else's.2.But a new analysis of Einstein's brain by Canadian scientists,reported in the current Lancet, reveals that it has some distinctive physical characteristics after all. A portion of the brain that governs mathematical ability and spatial reasoning一two key ingredients to the sort of thinking Einstein did best一was significantly larger than average and may also have had more interconnections among its cells,which could have allowed them to work together more effectively.3.In 1996,Harvey gave much of his data and a significant fraction of the tissue itself to Dr. Sandra Witelson,a neuroscientist who maintains a"brain bank"at McMaster for comparative studies of brain structure and function.These normal,undiseased brains,willed to science by people whose intelligence had been carefully measured before death, gave Witelson a solid set of benchmarks against which to measure the seat of Einstein's brilliant thoughts.Not only was Einstein's inferior parietal region unusually bulky the scientists found,but a feature called the Sylvian fissure was much smaller than average.Without this groove that normally slices through the tissue,the brain cells were packed close together,permitting more interconnections一which in principle can permit more cross-referencing of information and idea, leading to great leaps of insight.4.That's the idea,anyway.But while it's quite plausible according to current neurological theory,that doesn't necessarily,make it true.We know Einstein was a genius,and we now know that his brain was physically different from the average.But none of this proves a cause-and-effect relationship."What you really need,"says McLean's Benes,"is to look at the brains of a number of mathematical geniuses to see if the same abnormalities are present."5.Even if they are,it's possible that the bulked一up brains are a result of strenuous mental exercise,not an inherent feature that makes genius possible.Bottom line:we still don't know whether Einstein was born with an extraordinary mind or whether he earned it,one brilliant idea at a time.Paragraph 3________A:The InformationB:The Different in StructureC:The ConclusionD:The Research in Einstein's BrainE:Normal Brain in Size and Weight

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考题 Einstein's Theory of Relativity was so profound that only a few scientists could understand it.A:deep B:superior C:wide D:narrow

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考题 Which of the following is TRUE about Socrates’s life？( ) A.The legend of his wife is well-grounded. B.He never thought he was the wisest man in Greece. C.His intellectual powers come from various doctrines. D.He was titled the wisest man due to his awareness of ignorance.

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考题 Which of the following statements concerning intellectual property is wrong？（）A、Intellectual property is an intangible creationB、Intellectual property in ludes patents，trademarks，copyrights，etc.C、Intellectual property is a visible creationD、There are some agreement sconcerning intellectual property under the WTO

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考题单选题By saying “While it’s true that ..., be they scientific or artistic” (Lines 1-3, Para.5), the author means that _____.A business management should be included in educational programsB human wisdom has accumulated at an extraordinarily high speedC human intellectual development has reached new heightsD the importance of a broad education should not be, overlooked

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考题问答题Practice 3　　Einstein was one of the intellectual heroes of history, and such heroes, like Newton and like Darwin, are always twofold — rebels in their work and heretics in society. He prized the integrity of man's personality more highly than man's science. Back in the 1920's he said, in some desultory interview, that two discoveries might destroy mankind: atomic energy and universal thought-reading. The wry prophecy sums up Einstein's passions. He saw deeply into nature, her promise and her threat, but he was not too abstracted to remember .the fallibility of men. For him the key to the world lay in the minds of men. He fought for freedom of the mind from his rebellious school-days and the manifesto of 1914 to his dying day. In his last years he spoke out constantly against the inquisition which then darkened America. But even his love for science and for freedom was not abstract. These were for him the high places of the human mind, and he lived those; he loved people.　　His richness of sympathy made him a symbol to an age. It carried his ideas beyond their scientific setting so that, more profoundly than the work of any philosopher, they changed the outlook of philosophy. All his ideas grew from one conception: that the world is not given to us absolutely, but is something which we actively observe and thereby shape. For Einstein was a practical thinker; to him, truth was that which is experienced in action. When he died, on April 18, 1955, Einstein had created a new empiricism, as revolutionary and as lasting as that with which Galileo laid the foundation of science.

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考题单选题Which of the following statements concerning intellectual property is wrong？（）A Intellectual property is an intangible creationB Intellectual property in ludes patents，trademarks，copyrights，etc.C Intellectual property is a visible creationD There are some agreement sconcerning intellectual property under the WTO

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考题单选题It was Einstein _____ wrote and published his famous theory relativity.A whichB whomC whatD who

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考题问答题In this section, there is one passage followed by a summary. Read the passage carefully and complete the summery below by choosing a maximum of three words from the passage to fill in each of the blanks 51-5.Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.　　For many years after he formed his Theory of Relativity, Albert Einstein visited many universities in different cities where he gave talks about it. He had his own chauffeur who drove him to where he was to give the talk. The chauffeur sat at the back of the room while he was giving his lecture, and then drove him home.　　One day, the chauffeur said to Einstein, “Professor, I have heard you give your talk so many times that I know every word of it.” “Do you?” Einstein said with a smile. “Let’s find out, shall we? You give my next talk for me. Nobody knows what I look like where we’re going. I’m just a name to them.” Just before they reached the university where Einstein was to give his talk, he changed places with his chauffeur.　　The chauffeur’s memory was excellent and he was able to give Einstein’s talk exactly as Einstein gave it. He did not understand a word he was saying, but this did not seem to matter. Then, as he was leaving the university, one of the teachers who had been at the talk came up to him.　　“Professor Einstein,” he said. “That was a most interesting talk. I’d be grateful if you would answer a question.” The chauffeur hurried on. “I’m sorry,” he said, “but I’m late for my next meeting.”　　“I’ll walk with you,” the teacher said. “I want to talk to you about the problem.” The teacher walked along beside the chauffeur and asked him to solve a very difficult mathematical problem.　　The poor chauffeur couldn’t understand the problem, let alone attempt an answer. He did not know what to say. Then he had an idea. “It’s so simple,” he said. “Even my chauffeur could answer it.”　　He pointed to his car, where Einstein was standing, still wearing the chauffeur’s cap.　　“This man has a maths question,” he said to Einstein. “It’s so easy I’m sure even you can answer it.”　　Summary:　　Albert Einstein was a famous scientist who worked out the Theory of Relativity. He used to travel around the country with his chauffeur giving (1) on mathematics. His chauffeur knew his talk very well so Einstein asked him to give the talk at the next (2) where they did not know him. The chauffeur did well, but afterwards a teacher came up to him and asked him a difficult (3) .The chauffeur did not know the answer but he said, “This problem is so simple I’m sure my chauffeur knows (4) it.” Then he pointed to Einstein still standing (5) beside the car.

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考题单选题______ it was over, the people warmly applauded. The driver turned to look at Einstein. Einstein nodded with a smile on his face.A IfB AlthoughC HoweveD When

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考题问答题For Einstein to become a modern icon, especially in America, required a total revision of the definition of a hero. Anti-intellectualism has been as integral a part of American culture as the drive for universal education, and the fact that both have existed concurrently may account for the low status of teachers. In America it is not enough to be smart; one must compensate for one's intelligence by also showing the canniness and real-world power of the cowboy and the pioneer. Einstein did this. He was the first modern intellectual superstar, and he won his stardom in the only way that Americans could accept—by dint of intuitive, not scholarly, intelligence and by having his thought applied to practical things, such as rockets and atom bombs.

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考题单选题During the drastic changes, what is the more serious challenge poor leadership must face?A Employees feel reluctant to accept the changes.B Employees show indifference to the changes.C Employees despair of the competence of leaders.D Employees look down upon the leaders.

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