提分必练：2021年考研政治模拟试题(2020-09-18)
发布时间：2020-09-18
2021年考研初试备考只剩下最后三个月，不知各位小伙伴复习的如何了？在最后阶段，我们最应该做的是了解考试，而试题练习无疑是非常不错的方法。为了帮助大家备考，51题库考试学习网在下面为大家带来考研初试的一些模拟试题，一起练起来吧。
选择题
9.19世纪法国科学家路易斯·巴斯德是微生物学的奠基人，因发明了传染病预防接种法，为人类和人类饲养的家畜、家禽防治疾病做出了巨大贡献。“在观察事物之际，机遇偏爱有准备的头脑。”
路易斯·巴斯德的这句名言强调了
A. 只有发挥主观能动性才能认识事物
B. 只有理性认识是可靠的，感性经验是不可靠的
C. 认识事物要有理性的指导
D. 既要善于观察事物，又要善于思考问题
10. 当我们在书上看到动物、植物等一个具体概念时，就会在大脑中立即出现一个感性的形象于此概念相对应。这表明
A.感性认识和理性认识相互渗透
B.感性认识和理性认识相互转化
C.概念是思维的细胞和推理的工具
D.感性认识是理性认识的前提和基础
参考答案及解析
9.【答案】C
【考点】感性认识和理性认识
【解析】做这道题目的关键在于弄清“机遇”和“有准备的头脑”的含义：人们在观察、探索、研究客观对象的时候，由于客观对象的复杂性和多变性，往往会出现预先未料到的偶然事件，这就是“机遇”。在科学的实践中，“机遇”往往会成为重大发明创造的起点。但是这种机遇也不是纯粹偶然性的，其背后必定隐藏着某种必然性的东西。要善于识别偶然的“机遇”，注意利用偶然的“机遇”去揭示客观必然性。而“有准备的头脑”即指观察者具有的理性认识。“机遇偏爱有准备的头脑”，是指观察者的头脑中存储了大量的丰富的准备材料的情况下，只有通过理性认识的指导，才能及时抓住“机遇”并加以利用，从而找出必然性以推动科学的发展。故本题选C。B选项本身表述错误，不能单纯说感性还是理性是可靠的，只有经过实践检验的认识才是可靠的。AD选项本身错误，故此题不选。综上所述，此题选C。
10.【答案】A
【考点】感性认识和理性认识
【解析】看到一个“具体概念”，指代“理性认识”，“感性的形象“是感性认识，感性认识和理性认识是互相渗透的。感性中渗透着理性的因素，理性中渗透着感性的因素。故A正确。B选项表述错误，感性认识可以转化为理性认识，但理性认识不能转化为感性。CD本身表述正确，但与题干无关。综上所述，此题选A。
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下面小编为大家准备了 研究生入学 的相关考题，供大家学习参考。
宋朝刑罚制度的变化主要表现为（）。
A折杖法 B.刺配刑 C.凌迟刑 D.流刑
答案：A,B,C
解析：
【详解】
宋太祖建隆四年（公元963年）创立折杖法，作为重刑的代用刑，即把笞刑、杖刑折为臀杖；徒刑折为脊杖，杖后释放；流刑折为脊杖，并于本地配役一年；加役流，脊杖后，就地配役三年。从而使“流罪得免远徙，徒罪得免役年，笞杖得减决数”。宋太祖时期还规定了 “刺配刑”，即“既杖其脊，又配其人，且剌其面，是一人之身， 一事之犯而兼受三刑”。凌迟刑首用于五代时期，但属于法外刑，至宋代确立为法定刑，被广泛使用。选项D不正确，流刑的雏形在商朝已开始出现，至《开皇律》确定 为封建五刑之一。
急性重型肝炎的病理学特点是：
A.肝细胞点灶状坏死 B.肝细胞碎片状坏死 C.肝细胞桥接坏死
D.肝细胞亚大片坏死 E. 细胞大片坏死
答案：E
解析：
参阅【2006N0115、116】’类似题【2002N0101、102】。【1999N0147】。
下列关于英国宪法的特点，说法错误的是（ ）。
A.英国是世界上最早实行宪政的国家
B.英国宪法属于不成文宪法、柔性宪法
C.英国宪法由宪法性法律文件、宪法判例和宪法惯例组成
D.英国的《自由大宪章》为英国近代意义的宪法性法律
答案：D
解析：
【精解】在资本主义国家中，英国是最早发生资产阶级革命的国家，也是最早实行宪政的国家，故A项表述正确。英国宪法属于典型的不成文宪法、柔性宪法，故B项表述正确。由于英国宪法属于不成文宪法，故英国宪法由宪法性法律文件、宪法判例和宪法惯例组成，因此，英国没有统一的宪法典，故C项表述正确。《自由大宪章》颁布于1215年，是英国贵族为了限制昏庸的英国国王——无地王约翰而制定的限制国王权力的法律，该法律不具有近代意义，不属于英国近代意义上宪法的组成部分，故D项表述错误。
The birth Jacinda Ardern's baby is first and foremost a time of great happiness for Jacinda and her partner,Clarke Gayford.Their daughter is very much a wanted child for these happy parents.But for public in New Zealand and beyon the new arrival in our country's first family also has considerable significance.Ardern becomes only the second serving prime minister in history to give birth.As well,she is not married to her partner.Conventional wisdom may have said that this combination of factors would not have been helpful to a political career at the highest level.Fortunately,that has proved to be wrong.Ardern is a remarkable woman who crashes through glass ceilings with apparent ease.She became Leader of the New Zealand Labour party and of the opposition a mere seven weeks before last September's general election.In that short time,she took her party out of a near death zone of low polling to a highly credible election result,and then through the successful coalition negotiations which re-sulted in her becoming prime minister in October at the age of 37.Ardern's pregnancy came as a surprise to her and Gayford,but they took it in their stride.arrangements were made for Ardern to work until very close to the birth,and then for the deputy prime minister to act in her place while she takes some six weeks maternity leave.After that,Gayford takes over as primary carer for the foreseeable future.For young women,the example Arderm is setting is an affirmation that hey too can expect to have that choice.For young men,Gayford being the full time carer of a baby sends a powerful message that they too can exercise that choice.ony ni New Zealand is known for being a socially progressive country.Arden is its third female prime minister;it has had three female governor generals;and 125 years ago,it became the first countr where women won the right to vote Now it is breaking new ground with a prime minister giving birth and her partner becoming a stay-at-home father.But in the context of New Zealand Is Is evolutionary,not revolutionary Overwhelmingly positive interest across the political spectrum is being taken in the addition to the first What lessons are there in this for our world?In my view,New Zealand is showing that no doors are closed to women,that having a baby while being prime minister can be managed,and that it's acceptable for male partners to be full-time carers.This is very positive role modelling for the empowerment of women and for gender equality.In a world where there are still glass ceilings to be smashed and where many countries continue to have laws,policies,and practices that discriminate against women,the message from New Zealand is one of hope-that women can break through all barriers and do it in their own way as Arden has done I hope that New Zealand will continue to be a leader in the full inclusion of women in all spheres of its society-and i expect it will be
What makes Jacinda Ardern's baby special is that
A.it was born in a special period
B.it has attracted world attention
C.it brings good luck to New Zealand gt
D.it was born into a special family
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