2019年MBA考试《英语》章节练习(2019-11-07)

发布时间：2019-11-07

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2019年MBA考试《英语》考试共48题，分为英译汉和写作和完形填空和阅读理解A和阅读理解B。小编为您整理第六章 短文翻译5道练习题，附答案解析，供您备考练习。

1、

    An Asian engineer is assigned to a U.S. laboratory and almost suffers a nervous breakdown. A U.S. executive tells his staff he's going to treat them fairly—and creates dissension. A Japanese manager is promoted by his American president, but within six months asks for a transfer. Each of these real-life cases involved people who were regarded as superior employees, but were ill-equipped to cope with the complexities and dangers of intercultural management. 

    "Multinational companies have studied everything else, now they're finally looking at culture", says Clifford Clarke, founder and president of the California-based IRI International Inc. "Never show the shoe to an Arab, never arrive in time for a party in Brazil, and in Japan, don't think ‘yes' means ‘yes'," advise U.S. consultants Lennie Copland and Lewis Brown Griggs, who have produced a series of films and a book to help managers improve their international business skills. But simply learning the social "do's" and "don'ts" is not the answer, according to the new culture specialists. The penalties for ignoring different thinking patterns, they point out, can be disastrous.

【英译汉】

答案解析:       一个亚洲工程师被派到美国的实验室后精神几乎崩溃。一个美国经理告诉他的员工自己将公平对待他们，而这却导致了冲突。一个日本经理获得了美国总裁的提升，但不到六个月就要求调任。这些实际生活中的例子涉及到了那些被认为是高级雇员的人，这些人没有准备好去处理跨文化管理中的复杂性及危险性。
       总部位于加利福尼亚的IRI国际公司创始人兼总裁Clifford Clarke指出，国际化公司已研究了其他方面，现在他们终于开始正视文化方面了。美国顾问Lennie Copland和Lewis Brown Griggs建议：决不要向阿拉伯人展示鞋，在巴西参加聚会决不要按时到，在日本不要认为yes就是同意。这些顾问拍摄了一系列短片，并写了一本书以帮助经理们提高他们的国际化经营管理技能。据新文化专家说，仅仅学习社交场合中“应该做什么”和“不应该做什么”不是解决之道。他们指出忽视不同的思维方式，惩罚后果会很严重。

2、

    Television, video and the wide range of social and recreational opportunities which are now available have taken the place of books in many homes. School children and students still have to read but they usually read because they have to, rather than because they enjoy it. Once they have left school or college, many feel that they never want to open a book again. In England 44% of the population say that they never buy a book and a further 1 % buy only one book a year. In contrast to this there have been 55,000 new books published in England this year as compared to just under 12,000 in 1950 when people were supposed to be spending more time reading for pleasure and relaxation in an age which was pre-TV.

【英译汉】

答案解析:       电视、录像以及大量的现有的社交和娱乐机会在许多家庭已经取代了书籍。在校孩子和学生仍然得读书，但他们通常是被迫阅读而并非自己喜欢读书。他们一旦离开校门，许多人再也不愿意碰书本。在英国44%的人说他们从不买书，另有1%的人一年只买一本书。与此形成对照的是英国今年已出版5万5千本书而1950年只有1万2千本书出版，在当时的前电视时代人们本应该花更多的时间通过阅读来娱乐和放松。

3、

    In our culture, the sources of what we call a sense of “mastery”— feeling important and worthwhile — and the sources of what we call a sense of“pleasure” — finding life enjoyable — are not always identical. Women often are told “You can’t have it all.” Sometimes what the speaker really is saying is:“You chose a career, so you can’t expect to have closer relationships or a happy family life.” or “You have a wonderful husband and children—What’s all

this about wanting a career?” 

    Our study shows that, for women, well-being has two dimensions. One is mastery, which includes self-esteem, a sense of control over your life, and low levels of anxiety and depression. Mastery is closely related to the“doing” side of life, to work and activity. Pleasure is the other dimension, and it is composed of happiness, satisfaction and optimism. It is tied more closely to the “feeling” side of life. The two are independent of each other. A woman could be high in mastery and low in pleasure, and vice versa. 

【英译汉】

答案解析:      在我们的文化中，我们所说的驾驭的力量（感到重要和有意义）和快乐（找到生活的乐趣）并不总是相同的。女人们经常被告知：你不能全部拥有。有时演讲者真正要说的是：你选择了事业，所以你不能期望有一个更紧密的关系或者是一个快乐的家。或是你已经拥有优秀的丈夫与孩子，这一切又与想要一个好的事业有什么联系呢？
       我们的研究表明，对于女性，幸福健康有两方面。一是驾驭事物的能力，包括对自我的尊重，对生活的自我控制，低水平的焦虑和抑郁。这与做实事（工作和活动）紧密相连。愉悦是另一方面，由快乐、满足、乐观组成，与生活的感觉更紧密相连。这两者相互独立。一个女人可以在驾驭事物的能力上有天赋，但却得不到快乐。反之亦然。

4、

    A San Francisco fast food restaurant has opened with no waiting staff or cashiers and instead dispenses its meals using a giant vending machine.　

    Customers of Eatsa, in the middle of the city's financial district, order their dishes on iPads, which are prepared by staff in a hidden kitchen and delivered to the fully automated “cubbies”.  

    According to Tim Young, Eatsa's co-founder, the company is reinventing fast food by combining the speed and affordability of fast food with the delicious flavors and nutritious ingredients of premium fast casual. “By developing new technology to automate every aspect of the food experience, we are able to deliver a product with the best qualities of premium fast casual at a price point that is accessible to everyone.” 

    The customers order their food using a virtual cashier, who retains details of previous purchases allowing tailored suggestions. When the food is ready, the dish is delivered to an individual glass door “cubby” which shows personalized graphics allowing the customer to quickly identify their own lunch.

【英译汉】

答案解析:

       旧金山一家快餐店开张了，不过店里没有服务生和收银员，只有一台巨大的自动贩卖机分发食物。

       这家店名叫伊特萨，位于旧金山金融中心区，顾客在掌上电脑上点餐，顾客看不到后厨，员工做好后会把食物放进全自动贩卖机中。

       伊特萨的合资人蒂姆•杨(Tim Young)表示，“快餐食品快速便捷，优质便餐美味营养，通过两者的结合，公司正在彻底改造快餐。通过发展新技术，将用餐体验的每一环节自动化，我们有能力提供价格亲民、质量最好的快餐。

       店内虚拟收银员负责点餐，虚拟收银员还保留顾客的点餐记录，由此提供量身定做的就餐建议。食物备好后会被送到独立的玻璃门“小隔间”，上面会显示个性化的图像，以便顾客快速识别自己的食物。

5、

    Not content with its doubtful claim to produce cheap food for our own population, the factory farming industry also argues that “hungry nations are benefiting from advances made by the poultry industry”. In fact，rather than helping the fight against malnutrition in “hungry nations，”the spread of factory farming has, inevitably aggravated the problem.

    Large-scale intensive meat and poultry production is a waste of food resources. This is because more protein has to be fed to animals in the form of vegetable matter than can ever be recovered in the form of meat. Much of the food value is lost in the animal’s process of digestion and cell replacement. Neither, in the case of chicken, can one eat feathers, blood, feet or head. In all, only about 44% of the live animal fits to be eaten as meat.

    This means one has to feed approximately 9-10 times as much food value to the animal than one can consume from the carcass. As a system for feeding the hungry, the effects can prove disastrous. At times of crisis, grain is the food of life.

【英译汉】

答案解析:

       农产品加工业不满意怀疑他们提供便宜食物的说法，争辩道“饥饿国家会从家禽业发展中受益。”事实上，农产品加工业的推广并没有帮助“饥饿国家”解决营养不良问题，而是使这个问题更为严重。

       大范围密集的肉类和家禽浪费了粮食资源。这是因为，以蔬菜的形式喂给动物的蛋白质要比常吃肉形成的蛋白质多。许多营养成分在动物的消化和细胞替换的过程中丢失了。以鸡为例，人不能吃鸡的羽毛、血、脚、头，总之，动物身上只有44％的部分可供人吃。

       这意味着，我们喂给动物的营养大约在是我们要从它们身上得到的营养的9-10倍。这种帮助饥饿国家的计划会造成灾难性的后果。在危机时刻，谷物就成了生命的食物。

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下面小编为大家准备了 MBA考试 的相关考题，供大家学习参考。

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