试试看历年英语专四考试的真实难度2

发布时间：2022-01-01

不少备考英语专业四级八级考试的考生，都听说考试非常难。今天51题库考试学习网给关注专四专八考试的考生分享一些翻译题，赶紧来看看吧。

It is certain no literal translation can be just to an excellent original in a superiｏｒlanguage: but it is a great mistake to imagine (as many have done) that a rash paraphrase can make amends fｏｒthis general defect； which is no less in danger to lose the spirit of an ancient, by deviating into the modern manners of expression. If there be sometimes a darkness, there is often a light in antiquity, which nothing better preserves than a version almost literal. I know no liberties one ought to take, but those which are necessary to transfusing the spirit of the original, ａｎｄ　supporting the poetical style of the translation: ａｎｄ　I will venture to say, there have not been more men misled in former times by a servile, dull adherence to the letter, than have been deluded in ours by a chimerical, insolent hope of raising ａｎｄ　improving their author. It is not to be doubted, that the fire of the poem is what a translatｏｒshould principally regard, as it is most likely to expire in his managing: however, it is his safest way to be content with preserving this to his utmost in the whole, without endeavouring to be more than he finds his authｏｒis, in any particular place. It is a great secret in writing, to know when to be plain, ａｎｄ　when poetical ａｎｄ　figurative； ａｎｄ　it is what Homer will teach us, if we will but follow modestly in his footsteps. Where his diction is bold ａｎｄ　lofty, let us raise ours as high as we can； but where his is plain ａｎｄ　humble, we ought not to be deterred from imitating him by the fear of incurring the censure of a mere English critic. Nothing that belongs to Homer seems to have been more commonly mistaken than the just pitch of his style: some of his translators having swelled into fustian in a proud confidence of the sublime； others sunk into flatness, in a cold ａｎｄ　timorous notion of simplicity. Methinks I see these different followers of Homer, some sweating ａｎｄ　straining after him by violent leaps ａｎｄ　bounds (the certain signs of false mettle), others slowly ａｎｄ　servilely creeping in his train, while the poet himself is all the time proceeding with an unaffected ａｎｄ　equal majesty before them. However, of the two extremes one could sooner pardon frenzy than frigidity； no authｏｒis to be envied fｏｒsuch commendations, as he may gain by that character of style, which his friends must agree together to call simplicity, ａｎｄ　the rest of the world will call dulness. There is a graceful ａｎｄ　dignified simplicity, as well as a bold ａｎｄ　sordid one； which differ as much from each other as the air of a plain man from that of a sloven: it is one thing to be tricked up, ａｎｄ　another not to be dressed at all. Simplicity is the mean between ostentation ａｎｄ　rusticity.

译文:

论古典文学的翻译

可以肯定，对于高贵语言写成的作品来说，直译是不恰当的：但认为粗略的解释可以弥补这一普遍过失，更是大错特错；滥用现代的表达方式，也会使古代作品的精神丧失殆尽。如果说在古典作品中不时有黑暗愚昧之处，其中也有光明智慧的地方。而这些光明与智慧在近乎直译的译文中能更好地留存。我认为，文字的自由取决于是否传达原作精神所必需，是否有助于诗风的保存。我敢说，过去虽有不少机械地追求字面对应的迷途译者，但狂妄地抱有改进原作的不实理想的译者也不在少数。毋庸置疑，诗的火焰是每个翻译者都理应重视的，因为它在翻译过程中更加容易消失：然而，最安全的做法就是满足于从整体篇章上尽力保留这种特质，不要试图在任何细节上超越作者。写作的奥秘在于知道何时平淡，何时绮丽；如果我们肯虚心追随荷马的脚步，一定能从他身上学到这一点。他用词豪放之处，我们也要努力挥毫泼墨；他用词平淡朴素之处，我们也不能因怕受到几个评论家的责难便不加以模仿。对于荷马来说，其最遭人误解之处莫过于适当的风格高度：有些译者一味盲信其无处不崇高，使得译文浮夸失真；另外的一些译者沉迷于其简朴，因而过于拘谨呆板。我看到荷马的追随者不尽相同：有些人奋步急追，汗流浃背(这是愚勇的表现)，另外一些人缓慢、卑恭地追随其后，而诗人自己却庄严从容地继续前行。然而，在两个极端当中，狂热比冷淡更加容易得到宽容；没有人会嫉妒由冷淡的风格而博得赞赏的作家，其友人一定称之为简朴，而他人则称之为枯燥。优雅庄严的简朴是存在的，同样也有突兀暗淡的简朴；两者的区别犹如朴素人与邋遢者面貌的不同：着装打扮与衣着不整完全是两码事。简朴乃是介于虚饰与粗鄙之间的一种品性。

好了，以上就是今天51题库考试学习网为考生们分享的全部内容了，阅读完文章的考生们，对专四专八考试的翻译难度都了解了吗?如需了解更多相关内容，请关注51题库考试学习网!51题库考试学习网也会及时更新新鲜资讯。

下面小编为大家准备了 专四专八考试 的相关考题，供大家学习参考。

SECTION B INTERVIEW

Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.

Now listen to the interview.

听力原文：Interviewer: Well Charles, I must say that your shop is pretty remarkable. Um, it's basically a sweetshop, but you also do stationery and greeting cards and tobacco and fireworks

Shopkeeper: And newspapers.

Interviewer: And newspapers. Ah. And apart from all that, you've got photocopiers...

Shopkeeper: That's right.

Interviewer: And a fax machine.

Shopkeeper: Indeed.

Interviewer: Yes. How did. I mean, why the photocopiers?

Shopkeeper: Everything that's happened in my shop has almost happened by accident. But when I got into Clifton, I needed a photocopy one day and no one could tell me where to go. So it struck me that if I didn't know where to go, other people were in the same situation, so that's why I started it. And then I added on a facsimile machine because it seemed like a natural progression at the time. And all sorts of people use it.

Interviewer: Yes, who, what sort of people do use it?

Shopkeeper: Um, a lot of professional people —surveyors, engineers — particularly people who need to send plans. Because in the past you could send messages via telex, but a telex can't express a plan, whereas facsimile has that dimension, the added dimension.

Interviewer: Right. And do people send these fax messages abroad, or is it just to this country?

Shopkeeper: Well, it's surprising because when I started, I thought I'd be sending things to London and maybe Birmingham but, in fact, a high percentage of it is sent abroad, because it's immediate, it's very speedy. You can send a message and get an answer back very quickly.

Interviewer: And how much would it cost, for example, if I wanted to send a fax to the United States?

Shopkeeper: Well, a fax to the United States would cost you five pounds for a page. And when you think that in England by the Royal Mail, it would cost you twelve pounds to send a page by special delivery, it's actually a good value.

Interviewer: OK. What about your hours? How long do you have to spend actually in the shop?

Shopkeeper: Well, the shop is open from, essentially from eight in the morning until six at night, six days a week, and then a sort of fairly flexible morning on a Sunday. Um, and of those hours, I'm in it quite a lot.

Interviewer: And how long have you actually had the shop?

Shopkeeper: I started to have my shop in 1982, the 22nd of December, oh, sorry, the 22nd of November. It sticks in my brain.

Interviewer: And did you enjoy it?

Shopkeeper: Yes, overall I enjoy it. Running a business by yourself is jolly hard work and you never quite like every aspect all the time. 95% of the customers I love. Uh, 2% I really, you know, I'm not too bothered about. And 3% I positively hate.

Interviewer: What, What's the problem with those? Are they people who stay around and talk to you when you're busy or complain or what?

Shopkeeper: Um, it's bard to categorize really. I find people who are just totally rude, urn, unnecessary, and I don't really need their custom. And I suppose they form. the volume of the people that I don't like. But it's a very, very, very small percentage.

Interviewer: But is there a danger that shops like yours will disappear, more and more?

Shopkeeper" I think there's a very, very great danger that the majority of them will disappear.

Interviewer: Why's that?

Shopkeeper: Simply because costs of running a shop have just become very, very high. To give you some example, in the time that I've been there, my rent has quadrupled, the local property tax have doubled, other costs have gone up proportionately. And at the end of the day it is a little bit hard to try to keep u

A．cigarettes

B．exercise books

C．photocopiers

D．chocolates

正确答案：C

Griffith's film innovations had a direct effect on all of the following EXCEPT ______.

A．film editing

B．camera work

C．range of subjects

D．sound editing

正确答案：D

Which of the following is an exocentric construction?

A．The man in black.

B．The old and the young.

C．In the river.

D．The big house.

正确答案：C

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