ACCA考试科目讲解

发布时间：2019-01-05

ACCA考试科目多，考证时间长，许多人都搞不清楚个中情况。今天小编就给大家讲解一下ACCA考试科目有哪些，都教什么内容？

ACCA课程共分为两个阶段，分别是F阶段和P阶段，其中又分为几个部分，F1-F3属于知识课程部分，F4-F9属于技能课程部分，P1-P3属于核心课程部分，P4-P7（选修两门）属于选修课程部分。下面来看一下这些课程分别都教授哪些知识。

基础阶段：知识课程

F1  会计师与企业

F1《会计师与企业》是P1《公司治理，风险管理与职业道德》和P3《商务分析》的基础。

涵盖：企业组织，公司管理，会计和报告体系，内部财务控制，人力资源管理，会计职业道德您将会学到：企业是如何运作的，会计师和审计师在企业中的作用，如何使用科学的人力资源管理方式，如何使企业和财务的各个环节的处理符合职业道德和价值观。

F2  管理会计

F2《管理会计》是F5《业绩管理》和P5《高级业绩管理》的基础。

涵盖：管理会计，管理信息，成本会计，预算和标准成本，业绩衡量，短期决策方法。

您将会学到：如何使学员能够处理基本的成本信息，并能向管理层提供能用作预算和决策的信息。

F3  财务会计

F3《财务会计》是F7《财务报告》和P2《公司报告》的基础。

涵盖：财务会计，财务信息，复式记账法，会计系统，试算平衡表，业务交易，会计事项的记录以及合并报表基础知识。

您将会学到：如何利用财务会计相关的原则和概念，运用复式记账法，编制基本的财务报表。

基础阶段：技能课程

F4  公司法与商法

F4《公司法》与F7《财务报告》、F8《审计与认证业务》、P1《公司治理，风险管理与职业道德》、P2《公司报告》都有着一定的联系。

涵盖：法律体系的基本要素，财产法，劳动法，合同法，公司法，企业破产法，证券法。

您将会学到：基本的法律框架以及与经营相关的某些领域的具体法律法规。

F5  业绩管理

F5《业绩管理》是P5《高级业绩管理》的直接基础，一部分内容是对F2《管理会计》的进一步延伸。

涵盖：专业成本和管理会计，决策技巧，预算，标准成本法和差异分析，业绩衡量和控制。

您将会学到：如何运用管理会计技巧，为管理层提供用作计划、决策、业绩衡量和控制的数据和文字信息。

F6  税务

F6《税务》是P6《高级税务》的直接基础。

涵盖：英国税法体制，个人所得税，公司所得税，应税所得，增值税，继承税，国民保险，纳税人的义务。

您将会学到：如何解释和计算与个人、公司相关的税收法律体系。

F7  财务报告

F7《财务报告》是P2《公司报告》的直接基础，是对F3《财务会计》的延伸。

涵盖：财务会计，财务报表，公司合并报表，分析并解读财务报表。

您将会学到：如何运用会计准则和概念框架编制财务报表，分析并解读财务报表。

F8  审计与认证业务

F8《审计与认证业务》是P7《高级审计与认证》的直接基础，与F4《公司法与商法》、F7《财务报告》、P1《公司治理，风险管理，职业操守》等课程都有一定的关系。

涵盖：审计框架，内部审计和控制、审计计划和风险评估，审计证据，审计报告。

您将会学到：如何理解鉴证业务的整个过程，并能进行专业的鉴证业务。

F9  财务管理

F9《财务管理》是P4《高级财务管理》的直接基础，是对F2《管理会计》的延伸。

涵盖：财务管理，投资评估，资本成本，风险管理，公司价值评估您将会学到：如何具有作为一名财务经理的必备技能，特别是投资、融资、分配决策等方面的技巧。

专业阶段：核心课程

P1  公司治理，风险管理，职业操守

P1《公司治理，风险管理与职业道德》是F1《会计师与企业》的进一步延伸。

涵盖：公司治理，内部控制与审核，识别、评估和控制风险，专业价值观和职业道德。

您将会学到：如何掌握公司治理、内部控制、风险管理等知识，并能够在实际工作中加以运用，具备职业判断能力。

P2  公司报告

P2《公司报告》是F3《财务会计》和F7《财务报告》的进一步延伸。

涵盖：会计师的职业道德及义务，财务报告，集团财务报表，特殊实体的会计处理，公司财务状况评估，财务报告的现行发展。

您将会学到：如何根据相关准则编制和列报合并财务报告，如何具备职业判断能力，包括解决问题、信息处理、决策能力等；如何在不同的公司和环境下运用这些准则进行不同业务的会计处理。

P3  商务分析

P3《商务分析》是F1《会计师与企业》的延伸，与F7《财务报告》和P5《高级业绩管理》也有一定的联系。

涵盖：战略定位及战略决策，业务流程再造，IT技术，项目管理，财务分析，人力资源管理。

您将会学到：如何通过有效的业务流程再造和结构调整实施战略，如何协调知识系统和IT系统；如何在财务及其它资源有限的情况下进行有效的项目管理和人力资源管理。

专业阶段：选修课程

P4  高级财务管理

P4《高级财务管理》是F9《财务管理》的延伸考查，与P1《公司治理，风险管理与职业道德》和P2《公司报告》也有一定的联系。

涵盖：高级投资评估，公司并购、重组，高级风险管理，跨国公司面临的经济环境。

您将会学到：作为一名高级财务人员进行与财务管理相关决策必备的知识、技巧和进行职业判断的能力。

P5  高级业绩管理

P5《高级业绩管理》是F2《管理会计》和F5《业绩管理》的延伸，与P3《商务分析》也有一定的联系。

涵盖：战略计划和控制，外部影响因素如经济、财政、环境因素，业绩衡量系统和设计，战略业绩衡量，业绩评估，管理会计和业绩管理的*7发展。

您将会学到：如何在不同的企业环境中运用各种战略性的管理会计技巧，评估公司的经营状况及战略发展状况。

P6  高级税务

P6《高级税务》是F6《税务》的基础。

涵盖：个人和公司财务管理方面的税收，相关税种的影响，合理科学的税务规划，利用税收筹划最小化或递延税收，与客户、税务局、海关等专业人员有效沟通。

您将会学到：如何给个人和公司提供对财务决策有较大影响的税务问题的信息和建议。

P7  高级审计与认证业务

P7《高级审计与认证业务》是F8《审计与认证业务》的延伸，与P2《公司报告》也有一定的联系。

涵盖：监管环境与制度，职业道德，实务管理，历史财务信息的审计与报告，其它与审计相关的认证业务。

您将会学到：作为审计经理，如何处理审计和鉴证方面的各项问题。

下面小编为大家准备了 ACCA考试 的相关考题，供大家学习参考。

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(b) How could pursuing a corporate environmental strategy both add to CFS’s competitive advantage and be

socially responsible? (5 marks)

正确答案：
(b) Increasingly, firms are becoming aware of their social responsibility and their need to develop strategies that are designed to
meet this responsibility. Such responsibility can take many forms and is not a new phenomenon – many 19th century firms
looked after the housing, education and health needs of the communities where they were located. Michael Porter and Claas
van der Linde in their article ‘Green and competitive’ show how the traditional view that there is ‘an inherent and fixed tradeoff:
ecology versus economy’ is incorrect. This traditional view sees the benefits of government imposed environmental
standards, causing industry’s private costs of prevention and clean up – ‘costs that cause higher prices and reduced
competitiveness’. Porter and Linde argue that with properly designed and implemented environmental standards, firms will
be encouraged to produce innovations that use a range of inputs more efficiently, e.g. energy, labour, raw materials, and in
so doing increase resource productivity and in offsetting the costs of environmental improvement make industry more not less
competitive. All too often in their opinion, companies resort to fighting environmental control through the courts rather than
using innovation to increase resource productivity and meet environmental standards – ‘environmental strategies must
become an issue for general managers’.
CFS are, therefore, correct in seeing environmental standards as a positive step towards becoming more not less competitive.
Key stakeholders in the form. of both government and customers are looking to their suppliers to become more ‘green’. These
challenges are increasingly international and global. Building in positive environmental strategies can help CFS differentiate
itself and through improved resource productivity become more competitive. Clearly, they will need the environmental
scanning devices to become aware of environmental legislation and change. Awareness then can lead to analysis in the
monitoring of macro environmental challenges and the development of a SWOT analysis to match the company’s strengths
and weaknesses against the threats and opportunities created by environmental standards. Tools of strategic analysis such as
PEST, five forces and value chain analysis lend themselves to understanding the significance of the environmental change
and how it can stimulate innovation and, through innovation, competitive advantage.

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(d) Explain whether or not Dovedale Ltd, Hira Ltd and Atapo Inc can register as a group for the purposes of value

added tax. (3 marks)

正确答案：
(d) Dovedale Ltd and Hira Ltd can register as a group for the purposes of value added tax (VAT) because Dovedale Ltd controls
Hira Ltd and both companies are established in the UK in that their head offices are in the UK.
Dovedale Ltd will also control Atapo Inc. However, Atapo Inc cannot be part of a group registration unless it is established
in the UK or has a fixed establishment in the UK. It will be regarded as established in the UK if it is centrally managed and
controlled in the UK or if its head office is in the UK. A fixed establishment is a place where the company has staff and
equipment and where its business is carried on.

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(ii) Calculate Paul’s tax liability if he exercises the share options in Memphis plc and subsequently sells the

shares in Memphis plc immediately, as proposed, and show how he may reduce this tax liability.

(4 marks)

正确答案：

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4 (a) The purpose of ISA 510 ‘Initial Engagements – Opening Balances’ is to establish standards and provide guidance

regarding opening balances when the financial statements are audited for the first time or when the financial

statements for the prior period were audited by another auditor.

Required:

Explain the auditor’s reporting responsibilities that are specific to initial engagements. (5 marks)

正确答案：
4 JOHNSTON CO
(a) Reporting responsibilities specific to initial engagements
For initial audit engagements, the auditor should obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence that:
■ the opening balances do not contain misstatements that materially affect the current period’s financial statements;
■ the prior period’s closing balances have been correctly brought forward to the current period (or, where appropriate, have
been restated); and
■ appropriate accounting policies are consistently applied or changes in accounting policies have been properly accounted
for (and adequately presented and disclosed).
If the auditor is unable to obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence concerning opening balances there will be a limitation
on the scope of the audit. The auditor’s report should include:
■ a qualified (‘except for’) opinion;
■ a disclaimer of opinion; or
■ in those jurisdictions where it is permitted, an opinion which is:
– qualified (or disclaimed) regarding the results of operations (i.e. on the income statement); and
– unqualified regarding financial position (i.e. on the balance sheet).
If the effect of a misstatement in the opening balances is not properly accounted for and adequately presented and disclosed,
the auditor should express a qualified (‘except for’ disagreement) opinion or an adverse opinion, as appropriate.
If the current period’s accounting policies have not been consistently applied in relation to opening balances and if the change
has not been properly accounted for and adequately presented and disclosed, the auditor should similarly express
disagreement (‘except for’ or adverse opinion as appropriate).
However, if a modification regarding the prior period’s financial statements remains relevant and material to the current
period’s financial statements, the auditor should modify the current auditor’s report accordingly.

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