网友您好， 请在下方输入框内输入要搜索的题目：
题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
What step is essential to the traditional production of flu vaccine?
[A] Manufacturers implant the vaccine into ordered chicken eggs.
[B] Scientists identify the exact strain soon after a flu pandemic starts.
[C] Public health measures are taken as an important pandemic-fighting tool.
[D] Viruses are deadened and made clean before being put into vaccine use.
参考答案
更多 “ What step is essential to the traditional production of flu vaccine?[A] Manufacturers implant the vaccine into ordered chicken eggs.[B] Scientists identify the exact strain soon after a flu pandemic starts.[C] Public health measures are taken as an important pandemic-fighting tool.[D] Viruses are deadened and made clean before being put into vaccine use. ” 相关考题
考题
You realize that the control file is damaged in your production database.After restoring the control file from autobackup, what is the next step that you must do to proceed with the database recovery?（）A. Mount the databaseB. Open the database in NORMAL modeC. Open the database in RESTRICTED modeD. Open the database with the RESETLOGS option
考题
The essential core of culture consists of traditional ideas and especially their attached values.()
此题为判断题(对，错)。
考题
The moon-landing is mentioned in the first paragraph to illustrate_____.[A] technology cannot solve all of our human problems[B] progress in vaccine research for influenza has lagged behind[C] great achievements have been made by men in exploring the unknown[D] the development of vaccine production methods can not be stopped
考题
The foremost reason why the egg-based method is defective lies in_____.[A] the complex process of vaccine production[B] its potential threat to human being[C] the low survival rate for new flu vaccines[D] its contribution to the flu vaccine shortage
考题
Which of the following is true according to the passage?[A] Flu vaccines now mainly use egg-based technology.[B] A bird influenza has once circulated among humans.[C] Safety can be greatly improved with cell-culture vaccines.[D] Modern vaccine production methods are to replace egg-based methods.
考题
In the author’s view, the new vaccine production method seems to be_____.[A] remarkable [B] criticized [C] efficient [D] accepted
考题
Text 1 The influenza season is just getting started in the United States,and it already promises to be more severe than usual.Hospital emergency rooms are filling up with flu sufferers,and pharmacies have reported medicine shortages.Twelve children had died as of last month.To make matters worse,in Australia,which experienced its flu season four to six months ago,the current vaccine appeared to be only about 10 percent effective against tlus year's dominant strain.Yet as bad as this winter's epidemic is,it won't compare with the flu pandemic that is almost certainly on the horizon if we don't dedicate energy and resources to a universal vaccine.The 1918 Spanish flu epidemic killed 50 million t0 100 million around the globe.Given the century of medical progress since then,one might conclude that we are far better prepared today to deal with such a worldwide catastrophe.Unfortunately,the opposite is true.The world has about four times the number of inhabitants it did in 1918,including hundreds of millions of people,poultry and pigs living close together.This provides a potent biologic mixing bowl and natural influenza virus mutation factory.When a pandemic does strike,we'll be in trouble in part because American hospitals and pharruacies keep in stock no more than a few days supply of most lifesaving drugs,almost all of which are made in Asia.Worldwide manufacturing and shipping are highly susceptible to disruption,which could mean shortages in many areas.A 1918-type influenza pandemic could cause ruin on the order of what the Black Death did t0 14th-century Europe,but on a global scale.Our current vaccines are based on 1940s research.Limited global manufacturing capacity combined with the five to six months it takes to make these vaccines mean many people would never even have a chance to be vaccinated.Little is being done to aggressively change this unacceptable situation.We will have worldwide flu pandemics.Only their severity is unknown.The only real solution is a universal vaccine that effectively attacks all influenza A strains,with reliable protection lasting for years,like other modem vaccines.Although the National Institutes of Health has publicly declared developing a vaccine a priority,it has only about$32 million this year specifically for such research.The Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority,the other federal agency responsible for developing and making available new vaccines for emergency response,has in fiscal year 2017 0nly a single project for$43 million supporting game-changing infiuenza vaccines.By contrast,the search for an H.I,V.vaccine-still a scientific long shot-receives Sl billion annually.We estimate that intemational govemments,vaccine manufacturers and the philanthropic community must make a similar commitment to influenza vaccine research if the kind of vaccine we need is to developed in the next 10 years.But there is no apparent effort to make these vaccines a priority in the current administration 25.Which ofthe following would be the best title for the text?A.We Desperately Need a Universal Vaccine
B.Shortages ofVaccines Need Solving
C.To Fully Prepared for a Worldwide Catastrophe
D.Measures We Should Take to Deal With Influenza
考题
Text 1 The influenza season is just getting started in the United States,and it already promises to be more severe than usual.Hospital emergency rooms are filling up with flu sufferers,and pharmacies have reported medicine shortages.Twelve children had died as of last month.To make matters worse,in Australia,which experienced its flu season four to six months ago,the current vaccine appeared to be only about 10 percent effective against tlus year's dominant strain.Yet as bad as this winter's epidemic is,it won't compare with the flu pandemic that is almost certainly on the horizon if we don't dedicate energy and resources to a universal vaccine.The 1918 Spanish flu epidemic killed 50 million t0 100 million around the globe.Given the century of medical progress since then,one might conclude that we are far better prepared today to deal with such a worldwide catastrophe.Unfortunately,the opposite is true.The world has about four times the number of inhabitants it did in 1918,including hundreds of millions of people,poultry and pigs living close together.This provides a potent biologic mixing bowl and natural influenza virus mutation factory.When a pandemic does strike,we'll be in trouble in part because American hospitals and pharruacies keep in stock no more than a few days supply of most lifesaving drugs,almost all of which are made in Asia.Worldwide manufacturing and shipping are highly susceptible to disruption,which could mean shortages in many areas.A 1918-type influenza pandemic could cause ruin on the order of what the Black Death did t0 14th-century Europe,but on a global scale.Our current vaccines are based on 1940s research.Limited global manufacturing capacity combined with the five to six months it takes to make these vaccines mean many people would never even have a chance to be vaccinated.Little is being done to aggressively change this unacceptable situation.We will have worldwide flu pandemics.Only their severity is unknown.The only real solution is a universal vaccine that effectively attacks all influenza A strains,with reliable protection lasting for years,like other modem vaccines.Although the National Institutes of Health has publicly declared developing a vaccine a priority,it has only about$32 million this year specifically for such research.The Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority,the other federal agency responsible for developing and making available new vaccines for emergency response,has in fiscal year 2017 0nly a single project for$43 million supporting game-changing infiuenza vaccines.By contrast,the search for an H.I,V.vaccine-still a scientific long shot-receives Sl billion annually.We estimate that intemational govemments,vaccine manufacturers and the philanthropic community must make a similar commitment to influenza vaccine research if the kind of vaccine we need is to developed in the next 10 years.But there is no apparent effort to make these vaccines a priority in the current administration 24.What govemments and the philanthropic communities are expected to do?A.Developing a new vaccine.
B.Providing more funds.
C.Setting up a new project.
D.Supporting philanthropic causes.
考题
Text 4 As the nation experiences one of the worst flu seasons in years,thousands of Americans have already died from influenza,according to the U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Though the season peaked in February,the CDC recently warned that we should prepare for a second wave of cases to hit before we emerge from the season entirely.Now,it appears more than 50,000 could die from the flu before the season ends.Perhaps most troubling is that this year marks a century since the deadliest viral outbreak in human history,which claimed the lives of 670,000 American men,women and children and as many as 50 to 100 million people worldwide.Among the lessons medical researchers gleaned from the catastrophic event is the critical importance of getting vaccinated.It's a lesson that much of the public continues to ignore,even as our scientific understanding of communicable diseases continues to grow.-The strain in tlus flu season,H3N2,is particularly nasty.It's similar to the HINl strain that set off the 1918 influenza pandemic,and it has resulted in high rates of death,particularly among the elderly.Researchers have struggled to create effective vaccines for the H3N2 strain;this year's flu vaccine is only about 36 percent effective at protecting against the virus,compared to an average of 45 percent over the past seven years.Nonetheless,it does provide some protection,and the unvaccinated are hit much harder without it.Earlier this year,a healthy young man from Pittsburgh did not get vaccinated and died soon afier getting the flu.While low vaccine efficacy means that those who get vaccinated can still contract the flu,it remains common sense and good civic behavior to get vaccinated.As a result of herd immunity,even low efficacy vaccines are enough to curb a pandemic from happening if vaccination rates are high.Flu vaccines did not exist during the pandemic of 1918,which is why it was so deadly.Yet year after year few Americans bother to get vaccinated.In economic terms,the herd immunity benefits of vaccination are a"public good."If I am vaccinated,I cannot exclude anyone from the herd immunity that I now offer.Similarly,someone enjoying my herd immunity does not diminish someone else's ability to enjoy my herd immunity.What typically happens when a public good like the flu vaccine is available is that many,perhaps most,people underinvest.They free ride off other people who get the vaccine.If too many people opt out of vaccination,communities become wlnerable to flu epidemics.According to the CDC,only 38 percent of the population chose to get vaccinated as ofNovember 2017.Low rates ofvaccination are particularly dangerous for children and the elderly,who are especially susceptible to influenza.As individuals,we have veU little control over the strain of the flu that emerges in a given year,or the efficacy of a vaccine,but we do have complete control over whether we get vaccinated.The public's response to a bad fiu outbreak or to low vaccine efficacy should be an increase in flu vaccinations,not a decrease.38.According to the text,there is no doubt about the infiuenza vaccines thatA.low efficacy vaccines can also help with vaccination accepted.
B.those who get vaccinated would not be infected.
C.the idea of herd immunity is a common sense.
D.many Americans are willing to get vaccinated.
考题
Text 4 As the nation experiences one of the worst flu seasons in years,thousands of Americans have already died from influenza,according to the U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Though the season peaked in February,the CDC recently warned that we should prepare for a second wave of cases to hit before we emerge from the season entirely.Now,it appears more than 50,000 could die from the flu before the season ends.Perhaps most troubling is that this year marks a century since the deadliest viral outbreak in human history,which claimed the lives of 670,000 American men,women and children and as many as 50 to 100 million people worldwide.Among the lessons medical researchers gleaned from the catastrophic event is the critical importance of getting vaccinated.It's a lesson that much of the public continues to ignore,even as our scientific understanding of communicable diseases continues to grow.-The strain in tlus flu season,H3N2,is particularly nasty.It's similar to the HINl strain that set off the 1918 influenza pandemic,and it has resulted in high rates of death,particularly among the elderly.Researchers have struggled to create effective vaccines for the H3N2 strain;this year's flu vaccine is only about 36 percent effective at protecting against the virus,compared to an average of 45 percent over the past seven years.Nonetheless,it does provide some protection,and the unvaccinated are hit much harder without it.Earlier this year,a healthy young man from Pittsburgh did not get vaccinated and died soon afier getting the flu.While low vaccine efficacy means that those who get vaccinated can still contract the flu,it remains common sense and good civic behavior to get vaccinated.As a result of herd immunity,even low efficacy vaccines are enough to curb a pandemic from happening if vaccination rates are high.Flu vaccines did not exist during the pandemic of 1918,which is why it was so deadly.Yet year after year few Americans bother to get vaccinated.In economic terms,the herd immunity benefits of vaccination are a"public good."If I am vaccinated,I cannot exclude anyone from the herd immunity that I now offer.Similarly,someone enjoying my herd immunity does not diminish someone else's ability to enjoy my herd immunity.What typically happens when a public good like the flu vaccine is available is that many,perhaps most,people underinvest.They free ride off other people who get the vaccine.If too many people opt out of vaccination,communities become wlnerable to flu epidemics.According to the CDC,only 38 percent of the population chose to get vaccinated as ofNovember 2017.Low rates ofvaccination are particularly dangerous for children and the elderly,who are especially susceptible to influenza.As individuals,we have veU little control over the strain of the flu that emerges in a given year,or the efficacy of a vaccine,but we do have complete control over whether we get vaccinated.The public's response to a bad fiu outbreak or to low vaccine efficacy should be an increase in flu vaccinations,not a decrease.36.We can infer from the first paragraph thatA.it is not difficult to control the influenza.
B.the second wave of cases may be impending.
C.the influenza reached its peak in February.
D.50 thousand people died from the flu.
考题
Text 4 As the nation experiences one of the worst flu seasons in years,thousands of Americans have already died from influenza,according to the U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Though the season peaked in February,the CDC recently warned that we should prepare for a second wave of cases to hit before we emerge from the season entirely.Now,it appears more than 50,000 could die from the flu before the season ends.Perhaps most troubling is that this year marks a century since the deadliest viral outbreak in human history,which claimed the lives of 670,000 American men,women and children and as many as 50 to 100 million people worldwide.Among the lessons medical researchers gleaned from the catastrophic event is the critical importance of getting vaccinated.It's a lesson that much of the public continues to ignore,even as our scientific understanding of communicable diseases continues to grow.-The strain in tlus flu season,H3N2,is particularly nasty.It's similar to the HINl strain that set off the 1918 influenza pandemic,and it has resulted in high rates of death,particularly among the elderly.Researchers have struggled to create effective vaccines for the H3N2 strain;this year's flu vaccine is only about 36 percent effective at protecting against the virus,compared to an average of 45 percent over the past seven years.Nonetheless,it does provide some protection,and the unvaccinated are hit much harder without it.Earlier this year,a healthy young man from Pittsburgh did not get vaccinated and died soon afier getting the flu.While low vaccine efficacy means that those who get vaccinated can still contract the flu,it remains common sense and good civic behavior to get vaccinated.As a result of herd immunity,even low efficacy vaccines are enough to curb a pandemic from happening if vaccination rates are high.Flu vaccines did not exist during the pandemic of 1918,which is why it was so deadly.Yet year after year few Americans bother to get vaccinated.In economic terms,the herd immunity benefits of vaccination are a"public good."If I am vaccinated,I cannot exclude anyone from the herd immunity that I now offer.Similarly,someone enjoying my herd immunity does not diminish someone else's ability to enjoy my herd immunity.What typically happens when a public good like the flu vaccine is available is that many,perhaps most,people underinvest.They free ride off other people who get the vaccine.If too many people opt out of vaccination,communities become wlnerable to flu epidemics.According to the CDC,only 38 percent of the population chose to get vaccinated as ofNovember 2017.Low rates ofvaccination are particularly dangerous for children and the elderly,who are especially susceptible to influenza.As individuals,we have veU little control over the strain of the flu that emerges in a given year,or the efficacy of a vaccine,but we do have complete control over whether we get vaccinated.The public's response to a bad fiu outbreak or to low vaccine efficacy should be an increase in flu vaccinations,not a decrease.40.Which ofthe following would be the best title for the text?A.Take Flu Vaccination More Seriously
B.Develop Higher Efficacy Flu Vaccines
C.Receive More Vaccines
D.Tackle the Flu Outbreak
考题
Text 4 As the nation experiences one of the worst flu seasons in years,thousands of Americans have already died from influenza,according to the U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Though the season peaked in February,the CDC recently warned that we should prepare for a second wave of cases to hit before we emerge from the season entirely.Now,it appears more than 50,000 could die from the flu before the season ends.Perhaps most troubling is that this year marks a century since the deadliest viral outbreak in human history,which claimed the lives of 670,000 American men,women and children and as many as 50 to 100 million people worldwide.Among the lessons medical researchers gleaned from the catastrophic event is the critical importance of getting vaccinated.It's a lesson that much of the public continues to ignore,even as our scientific understanding of communicable diseases continues to grow.-The strain in tlus flu season,H3N2,is particularly nasty.It's similar to the HINl strain that set off the 1918 influenza pandemic,and it has resulted in high rates of death,particularly among the elderly.Researchers have struggled to create effective vaccines for the H3N2 strain;this year's flu vaccine is only about 36 percent effective at protecting against the virus,compared to an average of 45 percent over the past seven years.Nonetheless,it does provide some protection,and the unvaccinated are hit much harder without it.Earlier this year,a healthy young man from Pittsburgh did not get vaccinated and died soon afier getting the flu.While low vaccine efficacy means that those who get vaccinated can still contract the flu,it remains common sense and good civic behavior to get vaccinated.As a result of herd immunity,even low efficacy vaccines are enough to curb a pandemic from happening if vaccination rates are high.Flu vaccines did not exist during the pandemic of 1918,which is why it was so deadly.Yet year after year few Americans bother to get vaccinated.In economic terms,the herd immunity benefits of vaccination are a"public good."If I am vaccinated,I cannot exclude anyone from the herd immunity that I now offer.Similarly,someone enjoying my herd immunity does not diminish someone else's ability to enjoy my herd immunity.What typically happens when a public good like the flu vaccine is available is that many,perhaps most,people underinvest.They free ride off other people who get the vaccine.If too many people opt out of vaccination,communities become wlnerable to flu epidemics.According to the CDC,only 38 percent of the population chose to get vaccinated as ofNovember 2017.Low rates ofvaccination are particularly dangerous for children and the elderly,who are especially susceptible to influenza.As individuals,we have veU little control over the strain of the flu that emerges in a given year,or the efficacy of a vaccine,but we do have complete control over whether we get vaccinated.The public's response to a bad fiu outbreak or to low vaccine efficacy should be an increase in flu vaccinations,not a decrease.37.Which of the following statements is right about H3N2?A.We have learned enough ofit.
B.lt's a kind of virus with the highest fatality rate.
C.It claimed more lives ofits victims for its severity.
D.The vaccine efficacy was not high enough to control it.
考题
Text 4 As the nation experiences one of the worst flu seasons in years,thousands of Americans have already died from influenza,according to the U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Though the season peaked in February,the CDC recently warned that we should prepare for a second wave of cases to hit before we emerge from the season entirely.Now,it appears more than 50,000 could die from the flu before the season ends.Perhaps most troubling is that this year marks a century since the deadliest viral outbreak in human history,which claimed the lives of 670,000 American men,women and children and as many as 50 to 100 million people worldwide.Among the lessons medical researchers gleaned from the catastrophic event is the critical importance of getting vaccinated.It's a lesson that much of the public continues to ignore,even as our scientific understanding of communicable diseases continues to grow.-The strain in tlus flu season,H3N2,is particularly nasty.It's similar to the HINl strain that set off the 1918 influenza pandemic,and it has resulted in high rates of death,particularly among the elderly.Researchers have struggled to create effective vaccines for the H3N2 strain;this year's flu vaccine is only about 36 percent effective at protecting against the virus,compared to an average of 45 percent over the past seven years.Nonetheless,it does provide some protection,and the unvaccinated are hit much harder without it.Earlier this year,a healthy young man from Pittsburgh did not get vaccinated and died soon afier getting the flu.While low vaccine efficacy means that those who get vaccinated can still contract the flu,it remains common sense and good civic behavior to get vaccinated.As a result of herd immunity,even low efficacy vaccines are enough to curb a pandemic from happening if vaccination rates are high.Flu vaccines did not exist during the pandemic of 1918,which is why it was so deadly.Yet year after year few Americans bother to get vaccinated.In economic terms,the herd immunity benefits of vaccination are a"public good."If I am vaccinated,I cannot exclude anyone from the herd immunity that I now offer.Similarly,someone enjoying my herd immunity does not diminish someone else's ability to enjoy my herd immunity.What typically happens when a public good like the flu vaccine is available is that many,perhaps most,people underinvest.They free ride off other people who get the vaccine.If too many people opt out of vaccination,communities become wlnerable to flu epidemics.According to the CDC,only 38 percent of the population chose to get vaccinated as ofNovember 2017.Low rates ofvaccination are particularly dangerous for children and the elderly,who are especially susceptible to influenza.As individuals,we have veU little control over the strain of the flu that emerges in a given year,or the efficacy of a vaccine,but we do have complete control over whether we get vaccinated.The public's response to a bad fiu outbreak or to low vaccine efficacy should be an increase in flu vaccinations,not a decrease.39.The author implies in the last paragraph that faced with a bad flu outbreak,A.the public should try to enhance the efficacy of a vaccine.
B.effective vaccines should be used to control over it.
C.the public should make a quicker response to it.
D.emphasis should be laid more on vaccination than a vaccine efficacy.
考题
Text 1 The influenza season is just getting started in the United States,and it already promises to be more severe than usual.Hospital emergency rooms are filling up with flu sufferers,and pharmacies have reported medicine shortages.Twelve children had died as of last month.To make matters worse,in Australia,which experienced its flu season four to six months ago,the current vaccine appeared to be only about 10 percent effective against tlus year's dominant strain.Yet as bad as this winter's epidemic is,it won't compare with the flu pandemic that is almost certainly on the horizon if we don't dedicate energy and resources to a universal vaccine.The 1918 Spanish flu epidemic killed 50 million t0 100 million around the globe.Given the century of medical progress since then,one might conclude that we are far better prepared today to deal with such a worldwide catastrophe.Unfortunately,the opposite is true.The world has about four times the number of inhabitants it did in 1918,including hundreds of millions of people,poultry and pigs living close together.This provides a potent biologic mixing bowl and natural influenza virus mutation factory.When a pandemic does strike,we'll be in trouble in part because American hospitals and pharruacies keep in stock no more than a few days supply of most lifesaving drugs,almost all of which are made in Asia.Worldwide manufacturing and shipping are highly susceptible to disruption,which could mean shortages in many areas.A 1918-type influenza pandemic could cause ruin on the order of what the Black Death did t0 14th-century Europe,but on a global scale.Our current vaccines are based on 1940s research.Limited global manufacturing capacity combined with the five to six months it takes to make these vaccines mean many people would never even have a chance to be vaccinated.Little is being done to aggressively change this unacceptable situation.We will have worldwide flu pandemics.Only their severity is unknown.The only real solution is a universal vaccine that effectively attacks all influenza A strains,with reliable protection lasting for years,like other modem vaccines.Although the National Institutes of Health has publicly declared developing a vaccine a priority,it has only about$32 million this year specifically for such research.The Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority,the other federal agency responsible for developing and making available new vaccines for emergency response,has in fiscal year 2017 0nly a single project for$43 million supporting game-changing infiuenza vaccines.By contrast,the search for an H.I,V.vaccine-still a scientific long shot-receives Sl billion annually.We estimate that intemational govemments,vaccine manufacturers and the philanthropic community must make a similar commitment to influenza vaccine research if the kind of vaccine we need is to developed in the next 10 years.But there is no apparent effort to make these vaccines a priority in the current administration 22.We can infer from Paragraph 2 thatA.Spanish flu is one of the most severe epidemics.
B.we still couldn't effectively cope with epidemics.
C.medical course has made great progress in the past century.
D.there is an increasing number of people living with poultry.
考题
Text 1 The influenza season is just getting started in the United States,and it already promises to be more severe than usual.Hospital emergency rooms are filling up with flu sufferers,and pharmacies have reported medicine shortages.Twelve children had died as of last month.To make matters worse,in Australia,which experienced its flu season four to six months ago,the current vaccine appeared to be only about 10 percent effective against tlus year's dominant strain.Yet as bad as this winter's epidemic is,it won't compare with the flu pandemic that is almost certainly on the horizon if we don't dedicate energy and resources to a universal vaccine.The 1918 Spanish flu epidemic killed 50 million t0 100 million around the globe.Given the century of medical progress since then,one might conclude that we are far better prepared today to deal with such a worldwide catastrophe.Unfortunately,the opposite is true.The world has about four times the number of inhabitants it did in 1918,including hundreds of millions of people,poultry and pigs living close together.This provides a potent biologic mixing bowl and natural influenza virus mutation factory.When a pandemic does strike,we'll be in trouble in part because American hospitals and pharruacies keep in stock no more than a few days supply of most lifesaving drugs,almost all of which are made in Asia.Worldwide manufacturing and shipping are highly susceptible to disruption,which could mean shortages in many areas.A 1918-type influenza pandemic could cause ruin on the order of what the Black Death did t0 14th-century Europe,but on a global scale.Our current vaccines are based on 1940s research.Limited global manufacturing capacity combined with the five to six months it takes to make these vaccines mean many people would never even have a chance to be vaccinated.Little is being done to aggressively change this unacceptable situation.We will have worldwide flu pandemics.Only their severity is unknown.The only real solution is a universal vaccine that effectively attacks all influenza A strains,with reliable protection lasting for years,like other modem vaccines.Although the National Institutes of Health has publicly declared developing a vaccine a priority,it has only about$32 million this year specifically for such research.The Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority,the other federal agency responsible for developing and making available new vaccines for emergency response,has in fiscal year 2017 0nly a single project for$43 million supporting game-changing infiuenza vaccines.By contrast,the search for an H.I,V.vaccine-still a scientific long shot-receives Sl billion annually.We estimate that intemational govemments,vaccine manufacturers and the philanthropic community must make a similar commitment to influenza vaccine research if the kind of vaccine we need is to developed in the next 10 years.But there is no apparent effort to make these vaccines a priority in the current administration 21.The urgent task on hand is toA.solve medicine shortage.
B.develop a new vaccine.
C.go into a universal vaccine.
D.control the spread ofinfiuenza.
考题
Text 1 The influenza season is just getting started in the United States,and it already promises to be more severe than usual.Hospital emergency rooms are filling up with flu sufferers,and pharmacies have reported medicine shortages.Twelve children had died as of last month.To make matters worse,in Australia,which experienced its flu season four to six months ago,the current vaccine appeared to be only about 10 percent effective against tlus year's dominant strain.Yet as bad as this winter's epidemic is,it won't compare with the flu pandemic that is almost certainly on the horizon if we don't dedicate energy and resources to a universal vaccine.The 1918 Spanish flu epidemic killed 50 million t0 100 million around the globe.Given the century of medical progress since then,one might conclude that we are far better prepared today to deal with such a worldwide catastrophe.Unfortunately,the opposite is true.The world has about four times the number of inhabitants it did in 1918,including hundreds of millions of people,poultry and pigs living close together.This provides a potent biologic mixing bowl and natural influenza virus mutation factory.When a pandemic does strike,we'll be in trouble in part because American hospitals and pharruacies keep in stock no more than a few days supply of most lifesaving drugs,almost all of which are made in Asia.Worldwide manufacturing and shipping are highly susceptible to disruption,which could mean shortages in many areas.A 1918-type influenza pandemic could cause ruin on the order of what the Black Death did t0 14th-century Europe,but on a global scale.Our current vaccines are based on 1940s research.Limited global manufacturing capacity combined with the five to six months it takes to make these vaccines mean many people would never even have a chance to be vaccinated.Little is being done to aggressively change this unacceptable situation.We will have worldwide flu pandemics.Only their severity is unknown.The only real solution is a universal vaccine that effectively attacks all influenza A strains,with reliable protection lasting for years,like other modem vaccines.Although the National Institutes of Health has publicly declared developing a vaccine a priority,it has only about$32 million this year specifically for such research.The Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority,the other federal agency responsible for developing and making available new vaccines for emergency response,has in fiscal year 2017 0nly a single project for$43 million supporting game-changing infiuenza vaccines.By contrast,the search for an H.I,V.vaccine-still a scientific long shot-receives Sl billion annually.We estimate that intemational govemments,vaccine manufacturers and the philanthropic community must make a similar commitment to influenza vaccine research if the kind of vaccine we need is to developed in the next 10 years.But there is no apparent effort to make these vaccines a priority in the current administration 23.Which ofthe following is not mentioned as factors delaying treatment?A.Storage.
B.Efficacy.
C.Transportation.
D.Manufacture
考题
共用题干
Flu Shots Or Not?It sounded like a good idea when New York City's mayor,Rudollph Giuliani,advised New Yorkers recently to get a flu shot.After all,20,000 Americans each year die of influenza. And this year in particular,the mayor suggested,getting a flu shot might be an especially good idea, since it could help doctors distinguish between flu and the deadly inhalational（吸入的）form of anthrax（炭疽）.How? Both anthrax and flu exhibit strikingly similar symptoms-fever, chills and muscle aches-in the early days of the infection.Physicians would be quick to suspect anthrax in anyone who was vaccinated（接种疫苗）against flu and still developed fever and chills. That would give them a better chance to identify any new victims of terror while their infection was still in its earliest,most treatable stages.Or so the mayor's reasoning went. Unfortunately,there are a couple of problems with his log-ic .For one thing,getting vaccinated against influenza doesn't guarantee you won't get sick .Al-though highly effective,the flu vaccine（疫苗）protects against only the dominant types of the dis-ease and even then does not provide 100% protection.It takes a couple of weeks for your body to respond to the vaccine with a sufficient number of antibodies（抗体）.Each year thousands ofAmericans who get the vaccine nevertheless still get the flu.There are also plenty of reasons you might develop fever,chills and muscle aches that have nothing to do with either anthrax or flu .Indeed,doctors estimate that more than 80%of all flu-like illnesses each winter are caused by other groups of viruses.Getting vaccinated against flu can't protect you against suffering from these other illnesses.In the worst case,asking all healthy adults to get vaccinated could actually have the opposite effect to the one intended,leading to even more deaths if it means we run out of shots for those who are most vulnerable to the infection.Already there have been delays in getting this year's shipment of vaccine to clinics and doctor's offices.Those who should be at the front of the line in-clude folks who are 65 or older,nursing-home residents and adults and children with chronic health problems as well as anyone who cares for or lives with such people .Flu shots are also im- portant for men and women whose immune system is weakened by HIV（艾滋病病毒）or other conditions.The best reason to get the flu vaccine is that it proteets against most flus-not that you're worried about getting anthrax.While inhalational anthrax has killed only five people so far,many more could be at risk from flu-related complications.There's no need to worsen the tragedy by making this year's influenza epidemic any worse. It is not easy to tell anthrax from flu in the early days of the infection.A: RightB: WrongC: Not mentioned
考题
共用题干
Flu Shots Or Not?It sounded like a good idea when New York City's mayor,Rudollph Giuliani,advised New Yorkers recently to get a flu shot.After all,20,000 Americans each year die of influenza. And this year in particular,the mayor suggested,getting a flu shot might be an especially good idea, since it could help doctors distinguish between flu and the deadly inhalational（吸入的）form of anthrax（炭疽）.How? Both anthrax and flu exhibit strikingly similar symptoms-fever, chills and muscle aches-in the early days of the infection.Physicians would be quick to suspect anthrax in anyone who was vaccinated（接种疫苗）against flu and still developed fever and chills. That would give them a better chance to identify any new victims of terror while their infection was still in its earliest,most treatable stages.Or so the mayor's reasoning went. Unfortunately,there are a couple of problems with his log-ic .For one thing,getting vaccinated against influenza doesn't guarantee you won't get sick .Al-though highly effective,the flu vaccine（疫苗）protects against only the dominant types of the dis-ease and even then does not provide 100% protection.It takes a couple of weeks for your body to respond to the vaccine with a sufficient number of antibodies（抗体）.Each year thousands ofAmericans who get the vaccine nevertheless still get the flu.There are also plenty of reasons you might develop fever,chills and muscle aches that have nothing to do with either anthrax or flu .Indeed,doctors estimate that more than 80%of all flu-like illnesses each winter are caused by other groups of viruses.Getting vaccinated against flu can't protect you against suffering from these other illnesses.In the worst case,asking all healthy adults to get vaccinated could actually have the opposite effect to the one intended,leading to even more deaths if it means we run out of shots for those who are most vulnerable to the infection.Already there have been delays in getting this year's shipment of vaccine to clinics and doctor's offices.Those who should be at the front of the line in-clude folks who are 65 or older,nursing-home residents and adults and children with chronic health problems as well as anyone who cares for or lives with such people .Flu shots are also im- portant for men and women whose immune system is weakened by HIV（艾滋病病毒）or other conditions.The best reason to get the flu vaccine is that it proteets against most flus-not that you're worried about getting anthrax.While inhalational anthrax has killed only five people so far,many more could be at risk from flu-related complications.There's no need to worsen the tragedy by making this year's influenza epidemic any worse. Those who get the flu vaccine are surely protected form the disease.A: RightB: WrongC:Not mentioned
考题
共用题干
Flu Shots Or Not?It sounded like a good idea when New York City's mayor,Rudollph Giuliani,advised New Yorkers recently to get a flu shot.After all,20,000 Americans each year die of influenza. And this year in particular,the mayor suggested,getting a flu shot might be an especially good idea, since it could help doctors distinguish between flu and the deadly inhalational（吸入的）form of anthrax（炭疽）.How? Both anthrax and flu exhibit strikingly similar symptoms-fever, chills and muscle aches-in the early days of the infection.Physicians would be quick to suspect anthrax in anyone who was vaccinated（接种疫苗）against flu and still developed fever and chills. That would give them a better chance to identify any new victims of terror while their infection was still in its earliest,most treatable stages.Or so the mayor's reasoning went. Unfortunately,there are a couple of problems with his log-ic .For one thing,getting vaccinated against influenza doesn't guarantee you won't get sick .Al-though highly effective,the flu vaccine（疫苗）protects against only the dominant types of the dis-ease and even then does not provide 100% protection.It takes a couple of weeks for your body to respond to the vaccine with a sufficient number of antibodies（抗体）.Each year thousands ofAmericans who get the vaccine nevertheless still get the flu.There are also plenty of reasons you might develop fever,chills and muscle aches that have nothing to do with either anthrax or flu .Indeed,doctors estimate that more than 80%of all flu-like illnesses each winter are caused by other groups of viruses.Getting vaccinated against flu can't protect you against suffering from these other illnesses.In the worst case,asking all healthy adults to get vaccinated could actually have the opposite effect to the one intended,leading to even more deaths if it means we run out of shots for those who are most vulnerable to the infection.Already there have been delays in getting this year's shipment of vaccine to clinics and doctor's offices.Those who should be at the front of the line in-clude folks who are 65 or older,nursing-home residents and adults and children with chronic health problems as well as anyone who cares for or lives with such people .Flu shots are also im- portant for men and women whose immune system is weakened by HIV（艾滋病病毒）or other conditions.The best reason to get the flu vaccine is that it proteets against most flus-not that you're worried about getting anthrax.While inhalational anthrax has killed only five people so far,many more could be at risk from flu-related complications.There's no need to worsen the tragedy by making this year's influenza epidemic any worse. Asking all healthy adults to get a flu shot may result in a shortage of the flu shots for those who are most vulnerable to the infection.A: RightB: WrongC: Not mentioned
考题
共用题干
Flu Shots Or Not?It sounded like a good idea when New York City's mayor,Rudollph Giuliani,advised New Yorkers recently to get a flu shot.After all,20,000 Americans each year die of influenza. And this year in particular,the mayor suggested,getting a flu shot might be an especially good idea, since it could help doctors distinguish between flu and the deadly inhalational（吸入的）form of anthrax（炭疽）.How? Both anthrax and flu exhibit strikingly similar symptoms-fever, chills and muscle aches-in the early days of the infection.Physicians would be quick to suspect anthrax in anyone who was vaccinated（接种疫苗）against flu and still developed fever and chills. That would give them a better chance to identify any new victims of terror while their infection was still in its earliest,most treatable stages.Or so the mayor's reasoning went. Unfortunately,there are a couple of problems with his log-ic .For one thing,getting vaccinated against influenza doesn't guarantee you won't get sick .Al-though highly effective,the flu vaccine（疫苗）protects against only the dominant types of the dis-ease and even then does not provide 100% protection.It takes a couple of weeks for your body to respond to the vaccine with a sufficient number of antibodies（抗体）.Each year thousands ofAmericans who get the vaccine nevertheless still get the flu.There are also plenty of reasons you might develop fever,chills and muscle aches that have nothing to do with either anthrax or flu .Indeed,doctors estimate that more than 80%of all flu-like illnesses each winter are caused by other groups of viruses.Getting vaccinated against flu can't protect you against suffering from these other illnesses.In the worst case,asking all healthy adults to get vaccinated could actually have the opposite effect to the one intended,leading to even more deaths if it means we run out of shots for those who are most vulnerable to the infection.Already there have been delays in getting this year's shipment of vaccine to clinics and doctor's offices.Those who should be at the front of the line in-clude folks who are 65 or older,nursing-home residents and adults and children with chronic health problems as well as anyone who cares for or lives with such people .Flu shots are also im- portant for men and women whose immune system is weakened by HIV（艾滋病病毒）or other conditions.The best reason to get the flu vaccine is that it proteets against most flus-not that you're worried about getting anthrax.While inhalational anthrax has killed only five people so far,many more could be at risk from flu-related complications.There's no need to worsen the tragedy by making this year's influenza epidemic any worse. None of the five people killed by inhalational anthrax had been vaccinated against influenza.A: RightB: WrongC: Not mentioned
考题
In order to improve our standard of living,we have to accelerate production.A:step up
B:decrease
C:stop
D:control
考题
In order to improve our standard of living,we have to accelerate production.A:step up
B:decrease
C:stop
D:control
考题
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.
Scratchy throats, stuffy noses and body aches all spell misery, but being able to tell if the cause is a cold or flu (流感) may make a difference in how long the misery lasts.
The American Lung Association (ALA) has issued new guidelines on combating colds and the flu, and one of the keys is being able to quickly tell the two apart. That’s because the prescription drugs available for the flu need to be taken soon after the illness sets in. As for colds, the sooner a person starts taking over-the-counter remedy, the sooner relief will come.
The common cold and the flu are both caused by viruses. More than 200 viruses can cause cold symptoms, while the flu is caused by three viruses—flu A, B and C. There is no cure for either illness, but the flu can be prevented by the flu vaccine (疫苗), which is, for most people, the best way to fight the flu, according to the ALA.
But if the flu does strike, quick action can help. Although the flu and common cold have many similarities, there are some obvious signs to look for.
Cold symptoms such as stuffy nose, runny nose and scratchy throat typically develop gradually, and adults and teens often do not get a fever. On the other hand, fever is one of the characteristic features of the flu for all ages. And in general, flu symptoms including fever and chills, sore throat and body aches come on suddenly and are more severe than cold symptoms.
The ALA notes that it may be particularly difficult to tell when infants and preschool age children have the flu. It advises parents to call the doctor if their small children have flu-like symptoms.
Both cold and flu symptoms can be eased with over-the-counter medications as well. However, children and teens with a cold or flu should not take aspirin for pain relief because of the risk of Reye syndrome (综合症)，a rare but serious condition of the liver and central nervous system.
There is, of course, no vaccine for the common cold. But frequent hand washing and avoiding close contact with people who have colds can reduce the likelihood of catching one.
We learn from the passage that （）A、one doesn’t need to take any medicine if he has a cold or the fluB、aspirin should not be included in over-the-counter medicines for the fluC、delayed treatment of the flu will harm the liver and central nervous systemD、over-the-counter drugs can be taken to ease the misery caused by a cold or the flu
考题
You realize that the control file is damaged in your production database.After restoring the control file from autobackup, what is the next step that you must do to proceed with the database recovery?（）A、Mount the databaseB、Open the database in NORMAL modeC、Open the database in RESTRICTED modeD、Open the database with the RESETLOGS option
考题
单选题What is an important step to take when verifying a newly proposed network security solution？ （）A
Test the design on a pilot network for expected results prior to implementing on the production network.B
Run a network audit to determine types of traffic in use on the network.C
Launch campus updates into the production network and monitor impact to see if configuration changes are needed.D
Create an interruption of data flow to determine test back-door access methods.
考题
单选题A customer has an IBM System Storage Enterprise Storage Server and several EMC CX3 systems installed in a data center， attached to IBM System p servers. As a step toward data consolidation， they intend to put all data on a new DS8700. What would be the most important data migration factors to consider（）A
sector size and the amount of production dataB
existing RAID levels and the disk drive speedC
sector size and existing RAID levelsD
amount of production data and the disk drive speed
考题
单选题Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.
Scratchy throats, stuffy noses and body aches all spell misery, but being able to tell if the cause is a cold or flu (流感) may make a difference in how long the misery lasts.
The American Lung Association (ALA) has issued new guidelines on combating colds and the flu, and one of the keys is being able to quickly tell the two apart. That’s because the prescription drugs available for the flu need to be taken soon after the illness sets in. As for colds, the sooner a person starts taking over-the-counter remedy, the sooner relief will come.
The common cold and the flu are both caused by viruses. More than 200 viruses can cause cold symptoms, while the flu is caused by three viruses—flu A, B and C. There is no cure for either illness, but the flu can be prevented by the flu vaccine (疫苗), which is, for most people, the best way to fight the flu, according to the ALA.
But if the flu does strike, quick action can help. Although the flu and common cold have many similarities, there are some obvious signs to look for.
Cold symptoms such as stuffy nose, runny nose and scratchy throat typically develop gradually, and adults and teens often do not get a fever. On the other hand, fever is one of the characteristic features of the flu for all ages. And in general, flu symptoms including fever and chills, sore throat and body aches come on suddenly and are more severe than cold symptoms.
The ALA notes that it may be particularly difficult to tell when infants and preschool age children have the flu. It advises parents to call the doctor if their small children have flu-like symptoms.
Both cold and flu symptoms can be eased with over-the-counter medications as well. However, children and teens with a cold or flu should not take aspirin for pain relief because of the risk of Reye syndrome (综合症)，a rare but serious condition of the liver and central nervous system.
There is, of course, no vaccine for the common cold. But frequent hand washing and avoiding close contact with people who have colds can reduce the likelihood of catching one.
If children have flu-like symptoms, their parents （）A
are advised not to give them aspirinB
should watch out for signs of Reye syndromeC
are encouraged to take them to hospital for vaccinationD
should prevent them from mixing with people running a fever
热门标签
最新试卷
