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We know from the text that the Mars mission is _____.
［A］ one of NASA’s internet projects
［B］ an expedition to Mars
［C］ the infrastructure of the interplanetary Internet
［D］ to create an architecture on Mars
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更多 “ We know from the text that the Mars mission is _____.［A］ one of NASA’s internet projects［B］ an expedition to Mars［C］ the infrastructure of the interplanetary Internet［D］ to create an architecture on Mars ” 相关考题
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Text 3Vinton Cerf, known as the father of the Internet, said on Wednesday that the Web was outgrowing the planet Earth and the time had come to take the information superhighway to outer space.“The Internet is growing quickly, and we still have a lot of work to do to cover the planet.” Cerf told the first day of the annual conference of Internet Society in Geneva where more than 1500 cyberspace fans have gathered to seek answers to questions about the tangled web of the Internet.Cerf believed that it would soon be possible to send real-time science data on the Internet from a space mission orbiting another planet such as Mars. “There is now an effort under way to design and build an interplanetary Internet. The space research community is coming closer and closer and merging. We think that we will see interplanetary Internet networks that look very much like the ones we use today. We will need interplanetary gateways and there will be protocols to transmit data between these gateways, ” Cerf said.Francois Fluckiger, a scientist attending the conference from the European Particle Physics Laboratory near Geneva, was not entirely convinced, saying: “We need dreams like this. But I don’t know any Martian whom I’d like to communicate with through the Internet.”Cerf has been working with NASA’s Pasadena Jet Propulsion Laboratory—the people behind the recent Mars expedition—to design what he calls an “interplanetary Internet protocol.” He believes that astronauts will want to use the Internet, although special problems remain with interference and delay.“This is quite real. The effort is becoming extraordinarily concrete over the next few months because the next Mars mission is in planning stages now,” Cerf told the conference.“If we use domain names like Earth or Mars...jet propulsion laboratory people would be coming together with people from the Internet community.” He added.“The idea is to take the interplanetary Internet design and make it a part of the infrastructure of the Mars mission.”He later told a news conference that designing this system now would prepare mankind for future technological advances.“The whole idea is to create an architecture so the design works anywhere. I don’t know where we’re going to have to put it but my guess is that we’ll be going out there some time,” Cerf said.“If you think 100 years from now, it is entirely possible that what will be purely research 50 years from now will become commercial 100 years from now. The Internet was the same—it started as pure research but now it is commercialized.”第31题：According to Cerf, the purpose to design interplanetary internet is to _____.［A］ send real-time science data［B］ communicate with astronauts［C］ lay foundation for future technological advances［D］ commercialize the technology
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From the text, we learn that Vinton Cerf is _____.［A］ seeking answers to questions about the Internet web［B］ working on interplanetary Internet with collaboration of NASA［C］ trying to commercialize the interplanetary Internet［D］ exploring the possibility of establishing Internet network on Mars
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It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _____.［A］ the dream to build interplanetary Internet can be fulfilled in the future［B］ interplanetary Internet will be commercialized in 100 years［C］ the research of Internet took 50 years［D］ it will take a long time to build interplanetary Internet
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Which of the following is the main point of the text?［A］ The development of the Internet.［B］ The possibility of space research.［C］ Universal information superhighway.［D］ The technological advances of the Mars mission.
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U. S. Scientists Confirm Water on MarsNASA scientists said that Mars was covered once by vast lakes,flowing rivers and a Va-riety of other wet environments that had the potential to support life.Laboratory tests aboard NASA's Phoenix Mars Lander have identified water in a soil sample;the lander's robotic arm delivered the sample Wednesday to an instrument that iden-tifies vapors produced by the heating of samples.“We have water,”said William Boynton of the University of Arizona,lead scientist for ,the Thermal and Evolved-Gas Analyzer,or TEGA.“This is the first time Martian water has been touched and tasted.”The robotic arm is a critical part of the Phoenix Mars mission. It is needed to trench into the icy layers of northern polar Mars and deliver samples to instruments that will analyze what Mars is made of,what its water is like,and whether it is or has ever been a possible habitat for life.The soil sample came from a trench approximately 2 inches deep.When the robotic arm first reached that depth,it hit a hard layer of frozen soil.Two attempts to deliver samples of icy soil on days when fresh material was exposed were foiled when the samples became stuck inside the scoop.Most of the material in Wednesday's sample had been exposed to the air for two days,letting some of the water in the sample vaporize away and making the soil easier to handle.“Mars is giving us some surprises,”said Phoenix principal investigator Peter Smith of the University of Arizona.“We're excited because surprises are where discoveries come from. One surprise is how the soil is behaving. The ice-rich layers stick to the scoop when poised in the sun above the deck,different from what we expected,from all the Mars simulation tes-ting we've done so far.”Since landing on May 25,Phoenix has been studying soil with a chemistry lab,TEGA, a microscope,a conductivity probe and cameras.The science team is trying to determine whether the water ice ever thaws enough to be available for biology and if carbon-containing chemicals and other raw materials for life are present.The mission is examining the sky as well as the ground. A Canadian instrument is using a laser beam to study dust and clouds overhead.“It's a 30-watt light bulb giving us a laser show on Mars,”said Victoria Hipkin of the Canadian Space Agency.A full-circle,color panorama of Phoenix's surroundings also has been completed by the spacecraft.“The details and patterns we see in the ground show an ice-dominated terrain as far as the eye can see,”said Mark Lemmon of Texas A & M University,lead scientist forPhoenix's Surface Stereo Imager camera.“They help us plan measurements we're making within reach of the robotic arm and interpret those measurements on a wider scale.”
词汇：
foil v. 挫败，使成泡影 conductivity n. 传导陡，导电胜
scoop n. 铲斗 thaw v. 融化，融解
vaporize v. 使蒸发，使汽化 panorama n. 全貌，全景图
注释：
1.NASA：National Aeronautics and Space Administration(美国国家航空航天局)的缩写。NASA总部设在华盛顿哥伦比亚特区，是美国政府系统中的航空航天科研机构，负责组织和协调美国航空航天的研究工作并提供咨询。
2.Phoenix Mars Lander：凤凰号火星登陆器。其使命是探测火星地表下的冰层，分析冰层是否曾经融化产生液态水，并计划检测火星土壤是否含有生命存活的有机物。
3.Thermal and Evolved—Gas Analyzer：热力与先进气体分析仪
4.Stereo Imager：立体图像What was discovered by NASA's Phoenix Mars Lander on Mars?A: Vast lakes. B: Flowing rivers.C: Water in a soil sample. D: Living things.
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U. S. Scientists Confirm Water on MarsNASA scientists said that Mars was covered once by vast lakes,flowing rivers and a Va-riety of other wet environments that had the potential to support life.Laboratory tests aboard NASA's Phoenix Mars Lander have identified water in a soil sample;the lander's robotic arm delivered the sample Wednesday to an instrument that iden-tifies vapors produced by the heating of samples.“We have water,”said William Boynton of the University of Arizona,lead scientist for ,the Thermal and Evolved-Gas Analyzer,or TEGA.“This is the first time Martian water has been touched and tasted.”The robotic arm is a critical part of the Phoenix Mars mission. It is needed to trench into the icy layers of northern polar Mars and deliver samples to instruments that will analyze what Mars is made of,what its water is like,and whether it is or has ever been a possible habitat for life.The soil sample came from a trench approximately 2 inches deep.When the robotic arm first reached that depth,it hit a hard layer of frozen soil.Two attempts to deliver samples of icy soil on days when fresh material was exposed were foiled when the samples became stuck inside the scoop.Most of the material in Wednesday's sample had been exposed to the air for two days,letting some of the water in the sample vaporize away and making the soil easier to handle.“Mars is giving us some surprises,”said Phoenix principal investigator Peter Smith of the University of Arizona.“We're excited because surprises are where discoveries come from. One surprise is how the soil is behaving. The ice-rich layers stick to the scoop when poised in the sun above the deck,different from what we expected,from all the Mars simulation tes-ting we've done so far.”Since landing on May 25,Phoenix has been studying soil with a chemistry lab,TEGA, a microscope,a conductivity probe and cameras.The science team is trying to determine whether the water ice ever thaws enough to be available for biology and if carbon-containing chemicals and other raw materials for life are present.The mission is examining the sky as well as the ground. A Canadian instrument is using a laser beam to study dust and clouds overhead.“It's a 30-watt light bulb giving us a laser show on Mars,”said Victoria Hipkin of the Canadian Space Agency.A full-circle,color panorama of Phoenix's surroundings also has been completed by the spacecraft.“The details and patterns we see in the ground show an ice-dominated terrain as far as the eye can see,”said Mark Lemmon of Texas A & M University,lead scientist forPhoenix's Surface Stereo Imager camera.“They help us plan measurements we're making within reach of the robotic arm and interpret those measurements on a wider scale.”Why did the first two attempts to deliver samples fail?A: The sample vaporized away.B: Fresh material was exposed to the air.C: The samples got stuck inside the scoop.D: The robotic arm hit a hard rock.
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U. S. Scientists Confirm Water on MarsNASA scientists said that Mars was covered once by vast lakes,flowing rivers and a Va-riety of other wet environments that had the potential to support life.Laboratory tests aboard NASA's Phoenix Mars Lander have identified water in a soil sample;the lander's robotic arm delivered the sample Wednesday to an instrument that iden-tifies vapors produced by the heating of samples.“We have water,”said William Boynton of the University of Arizona,lead scientist for ,the Thermal and Evolved-Gas Analyzer,or TEGA.“This is the first time Martian water has been touched and tasted.”The robotic arm is a critical part of the Phoenix Mars mission. It is needed to trench into the icy layers of northern polar Mars and deliver samples to instruments that will analyze what Mars is made of,what its water is like,and whether it is or has ever been a possible habitat for life.The soil sample came from a trench approximately 2 inches deep.When the robotic arm first reached that depth,it hit a hard layer of frozen soil.Two attempts to deliver samples of icy soil on days when fresh material was exposed were foiled when the samples became stuck inside the scoop.Most of the material in Wednesday's sample had been exposed to the air for two days,letting some of the water in the sample vaporize away and making the soil easier to handle.“Mars is giving us some surprises,”said Phoenix principal investigator Peter Smith of the University of Arizona.“We're excited because surprises are where discoveries come from. One surprise is how the soil is behaving. The ice-rich layers stick to the scoop when poised in the sun above the deck,different from what we expected,from all the Mars simulation tes-ting we've done so far.”Since landing on May 25,Phoenix has been studying soil with a chemistry lab,TEGA, a microscope,a conductivity probe and cameras.The science team is trying to determine whether the water ice ever thaws enough to be available for biology and if carbon-containing chemicals and other raw materials for life are present.The mission is examining the sky as well as the ground. A Canadian instrument is using a laser beam to study dust and clouds overhead.“It's a 30-watt light bulb giving us a laser show on Mars,”said Victoria Hipkin of the Canadian Space Agency.A full-circle,color panorama of Phoenix's surroundings also has been completed by the spacecraft.“The details and patterns we see in the ground show an ice-dominated terrain as far as the eye can see,”said Mark Lemmon of Texas A & M University,lead scientist forPhoenix's Surface Stereo Imager camera.“They help us plan measurements we're making within reach of the robotic arm and interpret those measurements on a wider scale.”What was discovered by NASA's Phoenix Mars Lander on Mars?A: Vast lakes. B: Flowing rivers.C: Water in a soil sample. D: Living things.
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U. S. Scientists Confirm Water on MarsNASA scientists said that Mars was covered once by vast lakes,flowing rivers and a Va-riety of other wet environments that had the potential to support life.Laboratory tests aboard NASA's Phoenix Mars Lander have identified water in a soil sample;the lander's robotic arm delivered the sample Wednesday to an instrument that iden-tifies vapors produced by the heating of samples.“We have water,”said William Boynton of the University of Arizona,lead scientist for ,the Thermal and Evolved-Gas Analyzer,or TEGA.“This is the first time Martian water has been touched and tasted.”The robotic arm is a critical part of the Phoenix Mars mission. It is needed to trench into the icy layers of northern polar Mars and deliver samples to instruments that will analyze what Mars is made of,what its water is like,and whether it is or has ever been a possible habitat for life.The soil sample came from a trench approximately 2 inches deep.When the robotic arm first reached that depth,it hit a hard layer of frozen soil.Two attempts to deliver samples of icy soil on days when fresh material was exposed were foiled when the samples became stuck inside the scoop.Most of the material in Wednesday's sample had been exposed to the air for two days,letting some of the water in the sample vaporize away and making the soil easier to handle.“Mars is giving us some surprises,”said Phoenix principal investigator Peter Smith of the University of Arizona.“We're excited because surprises are where discoveries come from. One surprise is how the soil is behaving. The ice-rich layers stick to the scoop when poised in the sun above the deck,different from what we expected,from all the Mars simulation tes-ting we've done so far.”Since landing on May 25,Phoenix has been studying soil with a chemistry lab,TEGA, a microscope,a conductivity probe and cameras.The science team is trying to determine whether the water ice ever thaws enough to be available for biology and if carbon-containing chemicals and other raw materials for life are present.The mission is examining the sky as well as the ground. A Canadian instrument is using a laser beam to study dust and clouds overhead.“It's a 30-watt light bulb giving us a laser show on Mars,”said Victoria Hipkin of the Canadian Space Agency.A full-circle,color panorama of Phoenix's surroundings also has been completed by the spacecraft.“The details and patterns we see in the ground show an ice-dominated terrain as far as the eye can see,”said Mark Lemmon of Texas A & M University,lead scientist forPhoenix's Surface Stereo Imager camera.“They help us plan measurements we're making within reach of the robotic arm and interpret those measurements on a wider scale.”Which of the following do you think is the best description of Phoenix's Surface Ster-eo Imager Camera,according to your understanding of the passage?A:.It imitates human vision and is able to capture three-dimensional images.B: It imitates human voice and is able to record slight sounds while taking photos.C: It takes clear photos that show every detail of the object.D: It is this particular type of camera that can take wide angle pictures.
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U. S. Scientists Confirm Water on MarsNASA scientists said that Mars was covered once by vast lakes,flowing rivers and a Va-riety of other wet environments that had the potential to support life.Laboratory tests aboard NASA's Phoenix Mars Lander have identified water in a soil sample;the lander's robotic arm delivered the sample Wednesday to an instrument that iden-tifies vapors produced by the heating of samples.“We have water,”said William Boynton of the University of Arizona,lead scientist for ,the Thermal and Evolved-Gas Analyzer,or TEGA.“This is the first time Martian water has been touched and tasted.”The robotic arm is a critical part of the Phoenix Mars mission. It is needed to trench into the icy layers of northern polar Mars and deliver samples to instruments that will analyze what Mars is made of,what its water is like,and whether it is or has ever been a possible habitat for life.The soil sample came from a trench approximately 2 inches deep.When the robotic arm first reached that depth,it hit a hard layer of frozen soil.Two attempts to deliver samples of icy soil on days when fresh material was exposed were foiled when the samples became stuck inside the scoop.Most of the material in Wednesday's sample had been exposed to the air for two days,letting some of the water in the sample vaporize away and making the soil easier to handle.“Mars is giving us some surprises,”said Phoenix principal investigator Peter Smith of the University of Arizona.“We're excited because surprises are where discoveries come from. One surprise is how the soil is behaving. The ice-rich layers stick to the scoop when poised in the sun above the deck,different from what we expected,from all the Mars simulation tes-ting we've done so far.”Since landing on May 25,Phoenix has been studying soil with a chemistry lab,TEGA, a microscope,a conductivity probe and cameras.The science team is trying to determine whether the water ice ever thaws enough to be available for biology and if carbon-containing chemicals and other raw materials for life are present.The mission is examining the sky as well as the ground. A Canadian instrument is using a laser beam to study dust and clouds overhead.“It's a 30-watt light bulb giving us a laser show on Mars,”said Victoria Hipkin of the Canadian Space Agency.A full-circle,color panorama of Phoenix's surroundings also has been completed by the spacecraft.“The details and patterns we see in the ground show an ice-dominated terrain as far as the eye can see,”said Mark Lemmon of Texas A & M University,lead scientist forPhoenix's Surface Stereo Imager camera.“They help us plan measurements we're making within reach of the robotic arm and interpret those measurements on a wider scale.”Where are the scientists involved in the research from?A: They are from America.B: They are from Canada.C: They are from both America and Canada.D: They are from neither America nor Canada.
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U. S. Scientists Confirm Water on MarsNASA scientists said that Mars was covered once by vast lakes,flowing rivers and a Va-riety of other wet environments that had the potential to support life.Laboratory tests aboard NASA's Phoenix Mars Lander have identified water in a soil sample;the lander's robotic arm delivered the sample Wednesday to an instrument that iden-tifies vapors produced by the heating of samples.“We have water,”said William Boynton of the University of Arizona,lead scientist for ,the Thermal and Evolved-Gas Analyzer,or TEGA.“This is the first time Martian water has been touched and tasted.”The robotic arm is a critical part of the Phoenix Mars mission. It is needed to trench into the icy layers of northern polar Mars and deliver samples to instruments that will analyze what Mars is made of,what its water is like,and whether it is or has ever been a possible habitat for life.The soil sample came from a trench approximately 2 inches deep.When the robotic arm first reached that depth,it hit a hard layer of frozen soil.Two attempts to deliver samples of icy soil on days when fresh material was exposed were foiled when the samples became stuck inside the scoop.Most of the material in Wednesday's sample had been exposed to the air for two days,letting some of the water in the sample vaporize away and making the soil easier to handle.“Mars is giving us some surprises,”said Phoenix principal investigator Peter Smith of the University of Arizona.“We're excited because surprises are where discoveries come from. One surprise is how the soil is behaving. The ice-rich layers stick to the scoop when poised in the sun above the deck,different from what we expected,from all the Mars simulation tes-ting we've done so far.”Since landing on May 25,Phoenix has been studying soil with a chemistry lab,TEGA, a microscope,a conductivity probe and cameras.The science team is trying to determine whether the water ice ever thaws enough to be available for biology and if carbon-containing chemicals and other raw materials for life are present.The mission is examining the sky as well as the ground. A Canadian instrument is using a laser beam to study dust and clouds overhead.“It's a 30-watt light bulb giving us a laser show on Mars,”said Victoria Hipkin of the Canadian Space Agency.A full-circle,color panorama of Phoenix's surroundings also has been completed by the spacecraft.“The details and patterns we see in the ground show an ice-dominated terrain as far as the eye can see,”said Mark Lemmon of Texas A & M University,lead scientist forPhoenix's Surface Stereo Imager camera.“They help us plan measurements we're making within reach of the robotic arm and interpret those measurements on a wider scale.”Which one of the following statements is NOT meant by the writer?A: Scientists have been trying to break the ice-rich layers of soil on Mars.B: Scientists have been surprised by how the soil on Mars behaves.C: Scientists have been trying to find out if there is life supporting material on Mars.D: Scientists have been trying to know if water ice will melt.
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第一篇An Expensive MistakeIs there water on the planet Mars? Is there life on Mars?Was there ever life on Mars?Scientists from NASA wanted to know the answers to tliese questions.They built a spacecraft to travel around Mars and get informnation.The spacecraft was called the Mars Climate orbiter.The Mars Climate Orbiter left for Mars iii December 1998.The trip took nine and a half months.At first, everything was fine.However.when the Orbiter got near Mars,something terrible happened.The spacecraft didn't go to the right place.It went too close to Mars.it was too hot for the Orbiter there.The spacecraft couldn't function correctly.Suddenly,it stopped sending messages to NASA.The Orbiter was lost.How could this terrible thing happen? How did the Orbiter get closer to Mars than the scientists planned? Finally,they found the anlswer. Two teams of scientists worked together on the Orbiter. One team was in England,and one teann was in the United States.There were many similarities in the way they worked,but there was one important difference:The teams used different guidelines for measuring things.The United States team used the metric systcnni（公制）.The oilier team used the English system.Because they used different systems,the scientists made a mathematical mistake.The Orbiter's orbit (the shape and pattern of its path)around Mars was not correct.The scientists put the Orbiter on the wrong path.The Orbiter got too close amid too hot,and it stopped functioning.Why didn'tanybody see the mistake before it was too late?Many things contributed to the problem. One thing was that NASA scientists and mathematicians were working on two other spacecrafts at the same time.This was a challenge,and they were very tired from working long hours.The Mars Climate Orbiter cost $94 million to build.It also cost a lot of money to try to find the lost Or- biter in space.In addition,NASA's research on the cause of the problem was very expensive.This wasn't the first time that two different measurement systems caused mistakes in scientific projects.However,the Mars Climate Orbiter was definitely the most expensive mistake of all!NASA built the Mars Climate Orbiter to get information about_______.A:the size of MarsB:possible life on MarsC:the shape of MarsD:the atmosphere of Mars
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第一篇An Expensive MistakeIs there water on the planet Mars? Is there life on Mars?Was there ever life on Mars?Scientists from NASA wanted to know the answers to tliese questions.They built a spacecraft to travel around Mars and get informnation.The spacecraft was called the Mars Climate orbiter.The Mars Climate Orbiter left for Mars iii December 1998.The trip took nine and a half months.At first, everything was fine.However.when the Orbiter got near Mars,something terrible happened.The spacecraft didn't go to the right place.It went too close to Mars.it was too hot for the Orbiter there.The spacecraft couldn't function correctly.Suddenly,it stopped sending messages to NASA.The Orbiter was lost.How could this terrible thing happen? How did the Orbiter get closer to Mars than the scientists planned? Finally,they found the anlswer. Two teams of scientists worked together on the Orbiter. One team was in England,and one teann was in the United States.There were many similarities in the way they worked,but there was one important difference:The teams used different guidelines for measuring things.The United States team used the metric systcnni（公制）.The oilier team used the English system.Because they used different systems,the scientists made a mathematical mistake.The Orbiter's orbit (the shape and pattern of its path)around Mars was not correct.The scientists put the Orbiter on the wrong path.The Orbiter got too close amid too hot,and it stopped functioning.Why didn'tanybody see the mistake before it was too late?Many things contributed to the problem. One thing was that NASA scientists and mathematicians were working on two other spacecrafts at the same time.This was a challenge,and they were very tired from working long hours.The Mars Climate Orbiter cost $94 million to build.It also cost a lot of money to try to find the lost Or- biter in space.In addition,NASA's research on the cause of the problem was very expensive.This wasn't the first time that two different measurement systems caused mistakes in scientific projects.However,the Mars Climate Orbiter was definitely the most expensive mistake of all!What caused the Orbiter's problem?A:Scientists used wrong guidelines of mathematics.B:Scientists used wrong building materials.C:Scientists used different operating systems.D:Scientists used different measurement systems.
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An Expensive MistakeIs there water on the planet Mars?Is there life in Mars? Was there ever life on Mars? Scientists from NASA wanted to know the answers to these questions.They built a space-craft to travel around Mars and get information.The spacecraft was called the Mars Climate Orbiter.The Mars Climate Orbiter left for Mars in December 1998.The trip took nine and a half months.At first,everything was fine.However,when the Orbiter got near Mars,something terrible happened.The spacecraft didn't go to the right place.It went too close to Mars.It was too hot for the Orbiter there.The spacecraft couldn't function correctly.Suddenly,it stopped sending messages to NASA.The Orbiter was lost.How could this terrible thing happen? How did the Orbiter get closer to Mars than the scientists planned?Finally,they found the answer.Two teams of scientists worked together on the Orbiter.One team was in England,and one team was in United States.There were many similarities in the way they worked,but there was one important difference:The teams used different guidelines for measuring things.The United States team used the metric system（公制）.The other team used the English system.Because they used different systems,the scientists made a mathematical mistake.The Orbiter's orbit(the shape and pattern of its path)around Mars was not correct.The scientists put the Orbiter on the wrong path.The Orbiter got too close and too hot.And it stopped functioning.Why didn't anybody see the mistake before it was too late? Many things contributed to the problem.One thing was that NASA scientists and mathematicians were working on two other spacecrafts at the same time.This was a challenge,and they were very tired from working long hours.The Mars Climate Orbiter cost$94 million to build.It also cost a lot of money to try to find the lost Orbiter in space.In addition,NASA's research on the cause of the problem was very expensive.This wasn't the first time that two different measurement systems caused mistakes in scientific projects.However,the Mars Climate Orbiter was definitely the most expensive mistake of all!Why didn't NASA scientists identify the problem before the Orbiter left for Mars?A:they didn't know the English system.B:they were sure of the success of the trip.C:they didn't get enough research funding.D:they were tired from working long hours.
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第一篇An Expensive MistakeIs there water on the planet Mars? Is there life on Mars?Was there ever life on Mars?Scientists from NASA wanted to know the answers to tliese questions.They built a spacecraft to travel around Mars and get informnation.The spacecraft was called the Mars Climate orbiter.The Mars Climate Orbiter left for Mars iii December 1998.The trip took nine and a half months.At first, everything was fine.However.when the Orbiter got near Mars,something terrible happened.The spacecraft didn't go to the right place.It went too close to Mars.it was too hot for the Orbiter there.The spacecraft couldn't function correctly.Suddenly,it stopped sending messages to NASA.The Orbiter was lost.How could this terrible thing happen? How did the Orbiter get closer to Mars than the scientists planned? Finally,they found the anlswer. Two teams of scientists worked together on the Orbiter. One team was in England,and one teann was in the United States.There were many similarities in the way they worked,but there was one important difference:The teams used different guidelines for measuring things.The United States team used the metric systcnni（公制）.The oilier team used the English system.Because they used different systems,the scientists made a mathematical mistake.The Orbiter's orbit (the shape and pattern of its path)around Mars was not correct.The scientists put the Orbiter on the wrong path.The Orbiter got too close amid too hot,and it stopped functioning.Why didn'tanybody see the mistake before it was too late?Many things contributed to the problem. One thing was that NASA scientists and mathematicians were working on two other spacecrafts at the same time.This was a challenge,and they were very tired from working long hours.The Mars Climate Orbiter cost $94 million to build.It also cost a lot of money to try to find the lost Or- biter in space.In addition,NASA's research on the cause of the problem was very expensive.This wasn't the first time that two different measurement systems caused mistakes in scientific projects.However,the Mars Climate Orbiter was definitely the most expensive mistake of all!Why didn't NASA scientists identify the problem before the Orbiter left for Mars?A:They didn'tknow the English system.B:They were sure of the success of the trip.C:They were tired from working long hours.D:They didn'tget enough research funding.
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An Expensive MistakeIs there water on the planet Mars?Is there life in Mars? Was there ever life on Mars? Scientists from NASA wanted to know the answers to these questions.They built a space-craft to travel around Mars and get information.The spacecraft was called the Mars Climate Orbiter.The Mars Climate Orbiter left for Mars in December 1998.The trip took nine and a half months.At first,everything was fine.However,when the Orbiter got near Mars,something terrible happened.The spacecraft didn't go to the right place.It went too close to Mars.It was too hot for the Orbiter there.The spacecraft couldn't function correctly.Suddenly,it stopped sending messages to NASA.The Orbiter was lost.How could this terrible thing happen? How did the Orbiter get closer to Mars than the scientists planned?Finally,they found the answer.Two teams of scientists worked together on the Orbiter.One team was in England,and one team was in United States.There were many similarities in the way they worked,but there was one important difference:The teams used different guidelines for measuring things.The United States team used the metric system（公制）.The other team used the English system.Because they used different systems,the scientists made a mathematical mistake.The Orbiter's orbit(the shape and pattern of its path)around Mars was not correct.The scientists put the Orbiter on the wrong path.The Orbiter got too close and too hot.And it stopped functioning.Why didn't anybody see the mistake before it was too late? Many things contributed to the problem.One thing was that NASA scientists and mathematicians were working on two other spacecrafts at the same time.This was a challenge,and they were very tired from working long hours.The Mars Climate Orbiter cost$94 million to build.It also cost a lot of money to try to find the lost Orbiter in space.In addition,NASA's research on the cause of the problem was very expensive.This wasn't the first time that two different measurement systems caused mistakes in scientific projects.However,the Mars Climate Orbiter was definitely the most expensive mistake of all!When did the Orbiter's problem begin?A:Right after it left for Mars.B:When it got near Mars.C:Right after it landed on Mars.D:When it returned to Earth.
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An Expensive MistakeIs there water on the planet Mars?Is there life in Mars? Was there ever life on Mars? Scientists from NASA wanted to know the answers to these questions.They built a space-craft to travel around Mars and get information.The spacecraft was called the Mars Climate Orbiter.The Mars Climate Orbiter left for Mars in December 1998.The trip took nine and a half months.At first,everything was fine.However,when the Orbiter got near Mars,something terrible happened.The spacecraft didn't go to the right place.It went too close to Mars.It was too hot for the Orbiter there.The spacecraft couldn't function correctly.Suddenly,it stopped sending messages to NASA.The Orbiter was lost.How could this terrible thing happen? How did the Orbiter get closer to Mars than the scientists planned?Finally,they found the answer.Two teams of scientists worked together on the Orbiter.One team was in England,and one team was in United States.There were many similarities in the way they worked,but there was one important difference:The teams used different guidelines for measuring things.The United States team used the metric system（公制）.The other team used the English system.Because they used different systems,the scientists made a mathematical mistake.The Orbiter's orbit(the shape and pattern of its path)around Mars was not correct.The scientists put the Orbiter on the wrong path.The Orbiter got too close and too hot.And it stopped functioning.Why didn't anybody see the mistake before it was too late? Many things contributed to the problem.One thing was that NASA scientists and mathematicians were working on two other spacecrafts at the same time.This was a challenge,and they were very tired from working long hours.The Mars Climate Orbiter cost$94 million to build.It also cost a lot of money to try to find the lost Orbiter in space.In addition,NASA's research on the cause of the problem was very expensive.This wasn't the first time that two different measurement systems caused mistakes in scientific projects.However,the Mars Climate Orbiter was definitely the most expensive mistake of all!What caused the Orbiter's problem,______.A:Scientists used wrong guidelines of mathematicsB:Scientists used wrong building materialsC:Scientists used different operating systemsD:Scientists used different measurement systems
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An Expensive MistakeIs there water on the planet Mars?Is there life in Mars? Was there ever life on Mars? Scientists from NASA wanted to know the answers to these questions.They built a space-craft to travel around Mars and get information.The spacecraft was called the Mars Climate Orbiter.The Mars Climate Orbiter left for Mars in December 1998.The trip took nine and a half months.At first,everything was fine.However,when the Orbiter got near Mars,something terrible happened.The spacecraft didn't go to the right place.It went too close to Mars.It was too hot for the Orbiter there.The spacecraft couldn't function correctly.Suddenly,it stopped sending messages to NASA.The Orbiter was lost.How could this terrible thing happen? How did the Orbiter get closer to Mars than the scientists planned?Finally,they found the answer.Two teams of scientists worked together on the Orbiter.One team was in England,and one team was in United States.There were many similarities in the way they worked,but there was one important difference:The teams used different guidelines for measuring things.The United States team used the metric system（公制）.The other team used the English system.Because they used different systems,the scientists made a mathematical mistake.The Orbiter's orbit(the shape and pattern of its path)around Mars was not correct.The scientists put the Orbiter on the wrong path.The Orbiter got too close and too hot.And it stopped functioning.Why didn't anybody see the mistake before it was too late? Many things contributed to the problem.One thing was that NASA scientists and mathematicians were working on two other spacecrafts at the same time.This was a challenge,and they were very tired from working long hours.The Mars Climate Orbiter cost$94 million to build.It also cost a lot of money to try to find the lost Orbiter in space.In addition,NASA's research on the cause of the problem was very expensive.This wasn't the first time that two different measurement systems caused mistakes in scientific projects.However,the Mars Climate Orbiter was definitely the most expensive mistake of all!How long did it take the Orbiter to get close to Mars?A:One year.B:Less than one year.C:About two and a half year.D:More than three years.
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第一篇An Expensive MistakeIs there water on the planet Mars? Is there life on Mars?Was there ever life on Mars?Scientists from NASA wanted to know the answers to tliese questions.They built a spacecraft to travel around Mars and get informnation.The spacecraft was called the Mars Climate orbiter.The Mars Climate Orbiter left for Mars iii December 1998.The trip took nine and a half months.At first, everything was fine.However.when the Orbiter got near Mars,something terrible happened.The spacecraft didn't go to the right place.It went too close to Mars.it was too hot for the Orbiter there.The spacecraft couldn't function correctly.Suddenly,it stopped sending messages to NASA.The Orbiter was lost.How could this terrible thing happen? How did the Orbiter get closer to Mars than the scientists planned? Finally,they found the anlswer. Two teams of scientists worked together on the Orbiter. One team was in England,and one teann was in the United States.There were many similarities in the way they worked,but there was one important difference:The teams used different guidelines for measuring things.The United States team used the metric systcnni（公制）.The oilier team used the English system.Because they used different systems,the scientists made a mathematical mistake.The Orbiter's orbit (the shape and pattern of its path)around Mars was not correct.The scientists put the Orbiter on the wrong path.The Orbiter got too close amid too hot,and it stopped functioning.Why didn'tanybody see the mistake before it was too late?Many things contributed to the problem. One thing was that NASA scientists and mathematicians were working on two other spacecrafts at the same time.This was a challenge,and they were very tired from working long hours.The Mars Climate Orbiter cost $94 million to build.It also cost a lot of money to try to find the lost Or- biter in space.In addition,NASA's research on the cause of the problem was very expensive.This wasn't the first time that two different measurement systems caused mistakes in scientific projects.However,the Mars Climate Orbiter was definitely the most expensive mistake of all!How long did it take the Orbiter to get close to Mars?A:One year.B:Less than one year.C:About two and a half years.D:More than three years.
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A Record-Breaking RoverNASA's Mars rover Opportunity has boldly gone where no rover has gone before—at least in terms of distance. Since arriving on the Red Planet in 2004,Opportunity has traveled 25 .01 miles,more than any other wheeled vehicle has on another world.“This is so remarkable considering Opportunity was intended to drive about 1 kilometer and was never designed for distance,”says John Callas,the Mars Exploration Rover Project Manager.He works at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena,California.“But what is really importantly is not how many miles the rover has racked up,but how much exploration and discovery we have accomplished over that distance.”The solar-powered Opportunity and its twin rover,Spirit,landed on Mars 10 years ago on a mission expected to last 3 months. The objective of the rovers was to help scientists learn more about the planet and to search for signs of life,such as the possible presence of water.Spirit stopped communicating with Earth in March 2010,a few months after it got stuck in a sand pit. But Opportunity has continued to collect and analyze Martian soil and rocks.During its mission,Opportunity has captured,and sent back to Earth,some 187,000 panoramic and microscopic images of Mars with its cameras. It has also provided scientists with data on the planet's atmosphere,soil,rocks,aid terrain.The rover doesn't seem to be ready to stop just yet. If Opportunity can continue on,it will reach another major investigation site when its odometer hits 26.2 miles. Opportunity has beer working on Mars since January 2004.Researchers believe that clay minerals exposed near Marathon Valley could hold clues to Mars's ancient environment. Opportunity's continuing travels will also help researchers as the, plan for an eventual human mission to the Red Planet. Which of the following statements is true of Opportunity?A: It will come back to earth soon.B: Another rover will be sent to replace it.C: It is travelling to another major investigation site.D: It will work with other rovers exploring Mars.
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A Record-Breaking RoverNASA's Mars rover Opportunity has boldly gone where no rover has gone before—at least in terms of distance. Since arriving on the Red Planet in 2004,Opportunity has traveled 25 .01 miles,more than any other wheeled vehicle has on another world.“This is so remarkable considering Opportunity was intended to drive about 1 kilometer and was never designed for distance,”says John Callas,the Mars Exploration Rover Project Manager.He works at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena,California.“But what is really importantly is not how many miles the rover has racked up,but how much exploration and discovery we have accomplished over that distance.”The solar-powered Opportunity and its twin rover,Spirit,landed on Mars 10 years ago on a mission expected to last 3 months. The objective of the rovers was to help scientists learn more about the planet and to search for signs of life,such as the possible presence of water.Spirit stopped communicating with Earth in March 2010,a few months after it got stuck in a sand pit. But Opportunity has continued to collect and analyze Martian soil and rocks.During its mission,Opportunity has captured,and sent back to Earth,some 187,000 panoramic and microscopic images of Mars with its cameras. It has also provided scientists with data on the planet's atmosphere,soil,rocks,aid terrain.The rover doesn't seem to be ready to stop just yet. If Opportunity can continue on,it will reach another major investigation site when its odometer hits 26.2 miles. Opportunity has beer working on Mars since January 2004.Researchers believe that clay minerals exposed near Marathon Valley could hold clues to Mars's ancient environment. Opportunity's continuing travels will also help researchers as the, plan for an eventual human mission to the Red Planet. Opportunity is a record breaking rover in the sense of________.A: how long is has stayed in spaceB: how far it has traveledC: how much investment it has involvedD: how many facilities it has been equipped with
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A Record-Breaking RoverNASA's Mars rover Opportunity has boldly gone where no rover has gone before—at least in terms of distance. Since arriving on the Red Planet in 2004,Opportunity has traveled 25 .01 miles,more than any other wheeled vehicle has on another world.“This is so remarkable considering Opportunity was intended to drive about 1 kilometer and was never designed for distance,”says John Callas,the Mars Exploration Rover Project Manager.He works at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena,California.“But what is really importantly is not how many miles the rover has racked up,but how much exploration and discovery we have accomplished over that distance.”The solar-powered Opportunity and its twin rover,Spirit,landed on Mars 10 years ago on a mission expected to last 3 months. The objective of the rovers was to help scientists learn more about the planet and to search for signs of life,such as the possible presence of water.Spirit stopped communicating with Earth in March 2010,a few months after it got stuck in a sand pit. But Opportunity has continued to collect and analyze Martian soil and rocks.During its mission,Opportunity has captured,and sent back to Earth,some 187,000 panoramic and microscopic images of Mars with its cameras. It has also provided scientists with data on the planet's atmosphere,soil,rocks,aid terrain.The rover doesn't seem to be ready to stop just yet. If Opportunity can continue on,it will reach another major investigation site when its odometer hits 26.2 miles. Opportunity has beer working on Mars since January 2004.Researchers believe that clay minerals exposed near Marathon Valley could hold clues to Mars's ancient environment. Opportunity's continuing travels will also help researchers as the, plan for an eventual human mission to the Red Planet. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that＿________.A: experts know how far Opportunity will make in MarsB:.reseachers are working on sending many more humans to MarsC: Mars's ancient environment might be exposed with the help of OpportunityD: Opportunity is supposed to collect clay minerals from Marathon Valley
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A Record-Breaking RoverNASA's Mars rover Opportunity has boldly gone where no rover has gone before—at least in terms of distance. Since arriving on the Red Planet in 2004,Opportunity has traveled 25 .01 miles,more than any other wheeled vehicle has on another world.“This is so remarkable considering Opportunity was intended to drive about 1 kilometer and was never designed for distance,”says John Callas,the Mars Exploration Rover Project Manager.He works at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena,California.“But what is really importantly is not how many miles the rover has racked up,but how much exploration and discovery we have accomplished over that distance.”The solar-powered Opportunity and its twin rover,Spirit,landed on Mars 10 years ago on a mission expected to last 3 months. The objective of the rovers was to help scientists learn more about the planet and to search for signs of life,such as the possible presence of water.Spirit stopped communicating with Earth in March 2010,a few months after it got stuck in a sand pit. But Opportunity has continued to collect and analyze Martian soil and rocks.During its mission,Opportunity has captured,and sent back to Earth,some 187,000 panoramic and microscopic images of Mars with its cameras. It has also provided scientists with data on the planet's atmosphere,soil,rocks,aid terrain.The rover doesn't seem to be ready to stop just yet. If Opportunity can continue on,it will reach another major investigation site when its odometer hits 26.2 miles. Opportunity has beer working on Mars since January 2004.Researchers believe that clay minerals exposed near Marathon Valley could hold clues to Mars's ancient environment. Opportunity's continuing travels will also help researchers as the, plan for an eventual human mission to the Red Planet. One of the objectives of sending Opportunity and Spirit is to＿________.A: collect soil and send back to EarthB: develop multinational space explorationC:.test how well solar-powered rovers work in outer spaceD: look for the possible presence of life
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问答题Is There Life on Mars? The American space agency, NASA (the National Aeronautics and Space Administration), has drawn up a short list of ten research projects that will form the basic of an ambitious program to explore the planet Mars in a mission scheduled for launch in 2007. Scientists are being asked to use their ingenuity to devise novel ways to explore the red planet using intelligent robots and probes that might perhaps answer the biggest question of all—-is there life on Mars? NASA chose the ten projects from a list of 43 hopefuls. It has included missions for returning samples of Martian dust and gas to Earth, networks of small landers, orbiting constellations of microprobes and a rover that would try to date the precise age of rocks and soils. The ten concepts are part of the Mars Scout program to be launched in six years. This follows a decade of the most intensive interest in Mars since the two Viking probes of 1976 which sent back eerie images of the Martian landscape some 400 million kilometers away. But the history of Mars exploration is littered with failure—more than half of the 30 missions to date have ended in fiasco. It was NASA’s announcement in August 1996 of possible signs of life in a Martian meteorite which had fallen to Earth that rekindled intense interest in Earth’s nearest neighbor. It was assumed that liquid water had once flowed on Mars and an ancient atmosphere might have supported living organisms. However, opposing camps of scientists bitterly disputed NASA’s evidence for primitive life-forms in the Martian meteorite ALH84001. This led to the conclusion that the only way of finding out whether life ever existed on Mars is to go there and have a look. NASA planned a bold series of increasingly complex missions involving the launch of a couple of space probes every year for a dozen years. One of the most successful so far was the shoe-box-sized So-journer rover which thrilled a world Internet audience when it was wheeled out in 1997. Since then, however, NASA has suffered a series of setbacks. In September 1999 its Mars Climate Orbiter was lost as a failed rocket bum plunged it into the Martian atmosphere. NASA blamed it on one of its team using imperial units and another using metric. Three months later, NASA lost contact with its Polar Lander as it approached touchdown on the frozen South Pole of the planet. Space commentators muttered darkly about Mars being a cosmic equivalent of the Bermuda triangle. The year of 2001 saw the successful completion of the Global Surveyor mission, an orbiting probe that took pictures of what some scientists say are channels in the dust where water may still occasionally flow from underground well. More recently, the Mars Odyssey probe was launched without hitch and is due to arrive in 2008. Meanwhile, the European Space Agency is planning its own visit to the red planet with the launch of its Mars Express mission scheduled for take-off in .June 2003. Britain is designated to take a lead role in the project with the Beagle 2 Lander, a small craft, the size of a kitchen sink designed to shuffle over the Martian landscape taking soil and rock samples, analyzing them for signs of life and transmitting the data back to Earth. Beagle 2—framed after the ship that carded Charles Darwin on his voyage of discovery—will weigh just 60 kilograms and will cost about US $225,000 to build, a fraction of the cost of building the Viking space probes more than 25 years ago. Beagle 2 will look for water, minerals and organic matter. Although it will reach Mars before NASA’s Scout mission is even launched, it will be considerably less sophisticated in tea’ms of analytical technology. The focus now for NASA is on what instruments and robots to put on the Mars Scout mission in six years. Ed Weiler, NASA’s associate administrator for space science, had to decide on a top ten to concentrate NASA’s limited resources. Each project is to receive a grant of $150,000 to see them through the next six months of development. It all has to come out of a total project budget capped at $300 million. These Scout concepts embody the spirit I first thought about more than a year ago; and will enable us to explore the diversity of Mars in new ways, Dr Weiler said.
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单选题According to the passage, all the following statements are TRUE EXCEPT that_____.A
a completion process will be held to select the four astronautsB
the cost of Mars One could go as much as $6 billionC
if it goes as planned, we could expect to watch Mars One on TVD
the four astronauts could return to Earth after a few years' stay on Mars
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单选题According to Bas Lansdorp, which of the following is NOT TRUE?A
For a one-way trip to Mars, all the technology exists.B
He could not come up with the fund for Mars One.C
We humans have the rockets to send people to Mars.D
We humans have the equipment to land on Mars.
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单选题According to Project Mars One, humans could send four people to Mars within the next_____years.A
sevenB
eightC
tenD
six
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