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It is virtually impossible to predict the earthquake accurately.
A:almost
B:actually
C:absolutely
D:totally
B:actually
C:absolutely
D:totally
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参考解析
解析：准确预测地震实际上是不可能的。almost“几乎”;actually“实际上”;absolutely“绝对地”;totally“完全的”，如：You are totally wrong．你完全错了。
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Text 4The U.S. government has recently helped people learn more about the dangers of earthquakes by publishing a map. This map shows the chances of an earthquake in each part of the country. The areas of the map where government is spending a great deal of money and is working hard to help discover the answer to these two questions:1. Can we predict earthquakes?2. Can we control earthquakes?To answer the first question, scientists are looking very closely at the most active fault systems in the country, such as the San Andreas fault in California. A fault is a break between two sections of the earth's surface. These breaks between sections are the places where earthquakes occur.Scientists look at the faults for changes which might show that an earthquake was about to occur. But it will probably be many years before we can predict earthquakes accurately and the control of earthquakes is even farther away.Nevertheless, there have been some interesting developments in the field of controlling earthquakes. The most interesting development concerns the Rocky Mountain Arsenal earthquakes. Here water was pat into a layer of rocks 4,000 metres below the surface of the ground. Shortly after this injection of water, there was a small number of earthquakes. Scientists have decided that the water which was injected into the rocks worked like oil on each other. When the water" oiled" the fault, the fault became slippery and the energy of an earthquake was released.Scientists are still experimenting at the site of these earthquakes. They have realized that there is a connection between the injection of the water and the earthquake activity. They have suggested that it might be possible to use this knowledge to prevent very big, destructive earthquakes, that is, scientists Could inject some kind of fluid like water into faults and change one big earthquake into a number of small, harmless earthquakes.36. Earthquake belts are ______.A) maps that show where earthquakes are likely to occurB) zones with a high probability of earthquakesC) breaks between two sections of the earth's surfaceD) the two layers of earth along a fault
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A Great Quake Coming?Everyone who lives in San Francisco knows that earthquakes are common in the Bay Area一and they can be devastating. In 1906,for example,a major quake destroyed about 28,000 buildings and killed hundreds,perhaps thousands of people.Residents now wonder when the next"Big One"will strike.It's bound to happen someday. At least seven active fault（断层）lines run through the San Francisco area. Faults are places where pieces of Earth ' s crust（地壳）slide past each other. When these pieces slip , the ground shakes.To prepare for that day,scientists are using new techniques to reanalyze the 1906 earthquake and pre-dict how bad the damage might be when the next one happens.One new finding about the 1906 earthquake is that the San Andreas fault split apart faster than scientists had assumed at the time. During small earthquakes,faults rupture（断裂）at about 2.7 kilometers per second. During bigger quakes,however,ruptures can happen at rates faster than 3.5 kilometers per second.At such high speeds,massive amounts of pressure build up,generating underground waves that can cause more damage than the quake itself. Lucky for San Francisco , these pressure pulses（脉冲）traveled away from the city during the 1906 event.As bad as the damage was,it could have been far worse.Looking ahead,scientists are trying to predict when the next major quake will occur. Records show that earthquakes were common before 1906.Since then,the area has been relatively quiet.Patterns in the data, however,suggest that the probability of a major earthquake striking the Bay Area before 2032 is at least 62 percent.New buildings in San Francisco are quite safe in case of future quakes.Still,more than 84 percent of thecity's buildings are old and weak.Analyses suggest that another massive earthquake would cause extensive damage.People who live there today tend to feel safe because San Francisco has remained pretty quiet for a while.According to the new research,however,it's not a matter of"if" the Big One will hit.It's just a mat- ter of when.Scientist will be able to predict the exact time of an earthquake soon.A:RightB:WrongC:Not mentioned
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第一篇Forecasting MethodsThere are several different methods that can be used to create a forecast. The method a forecaster chooses depends upon the experience of the forecaster,the amount of information available to the forecaster,the level of difficulty that the forecast situation presents,and the degree of accuracy or confidence needed in the forecast.The first of these methods is the persistence method,the simplest way of producing a forecast.The per- sistence method assumes that the conditions at the time of the forecast will not change.For example,if it is sunny and 87 degrees today,the persistence method predicts that it will be sunny and 87 degrees tomorrow. If two inches of rain fell today,the persistence method would predict two inches of rain for tomorrow. However,if weather conditions change significantly from day to day,the persistence method usually breaks down and is not the best forecasting method to use.The trends method involves determining the speed and direction of movement for fronts,high and low pressure centers , and areas of clouds and precipitation（降水量）.Using this information , the forecaster can predict where he or she expects those features to be at some future time.For example,if a storm system is 1,000 miles west of your location and moving to the east at 250 miles per day,using the trends method you would predict it arrive in your area in 4 days.The trends method works well when systems continue to move at the same speed in the same direction for a long period of time.If they slow down,speed up,change intensi- ty,or change directions,the trends forecast will probably not work as well.The climatology（气候学）method is another simple way of producing a forecast. This method involves averaging weather statistics accumulated over many years to make the forecast.For example,if you were using the climatology method to predict the weather for New York City on July 4th,you would go through all the weather data that has been recorded for every July 4th and take an average.The climatology method oniy works well when the weather pattern is similar to that expected for the chosen time of year. If the pattern is quite unusual for the given time of year,the climatology method will often fail.The analog method is a slightly more complicated method of producing a forecast.It involves examining today's forecast scenario（模式）and remembering a day in the past when the weather scenario looked very similar(an analog).The forecaster would predict that the weather in this forecast will behave the same as ii did in the past.The analog method is difficult to use because it is virtually impossible to find a predict ana- log.Various weather features rarely align themselves in the same locations as they were in the previous time. Even small differences between the current time and the analog can lead to very different results.The persistence method fails to work well when_________.A:it is rainyB:it is sunnyC:weather conditions change greatlyD:weather conditions stay stable
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It's practically impossible to predict what will happen.A:almost
B:entirely
C:certainly
D:totally
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Earthquake Insurance1.Earthquake insurance is a form of homeowners' insurance which deals with damage caused by earthquakes.In regions where earthquakes are especially common,homeowners may be required to carry earthquake insurance,so that in the event of an earthquake,people rely less on government disaster funds and more on their own insurance policies.As a general rule,earthquake insurance is not a part of standard insurance policies,and it must be purchased separately.2.Earthquakes can cause a variety of damage to a home,ranging from complete destruction to damage which causes the building to become structurally unsound.Indirect damage caused by neigh-boring collapses of structures and freeways can also occur,as can more bizarre forms of earthquake damage,like winding up with a car in the living room or a sinkhole in the back yard.Fires and flooding are also common problems in the wake of earthquakes.3.When homeowners purchase earthquake insurance,they may be protected against both direct damage,such as a structural collapse after an earthquake,and indirect damage,like a fire caused by broken gas lines.More commonly,the insurance only covers structural damage caused directly by the earthquake.The insurance may pay for a complete replacement of the structure,or a remodel, depending on the type of insurance and the nature of the damage.Some policies also cover damaged property like cars,and they may provide living allowances so that the residents of the home can temporarily relocate for the duration of the repairs.4.This type of homeowners' insurance is prone to adverse selection,in which only people in high risk areas purchase the insurance.The problem with adverse selection for insurance companies is that it decreases the pool of customers,making potential payouts very expensive.For this reason, earthquake insurance often has a high deductible,and it can he very expensive.5.Recognizing the need for earthquake insurance,some governments have provided subsidies for earthquake insurance,to reduce the stress on insurance companies.Insurance companies also adjust their risk pools carefully,and there may be stringent requirements for a homeowner to purchase earthquake insurance.For example,a home may need to be retrofitted for earthquake safety, reducing the amount of damage which will be incurred in a quake.For low-income home owners, this can be very difficult,as it drives the cost of earthquake insurance out of reach,which can in turn make it difficult to get home loans,as many banks in earthquake-prone areas insist on earth-quake insurance as a condition for a loan.Paragraph 3______A:What's the Main Problem of Earthquake Insurance?B:What Damages Can an Earthquake Cause?C:How to Buy an Earthquake Insurance?D:What Is an Earthquake Insurance?E:Where Does Earthquake Happen Frequently? F: What Does an Earthquake Insurance Contain?
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Earthquake Insurance1.Earthquake insurance is a form of homeowners' insurance which deals with damage caused by earthquakes.In regions where earthquakes are especially common,homeowners may be required to carry earthquake insurance,so that in the event of an earthquake,people rely less on government disaster funds and more on their own insurance policies.As a general rule,earthquake insurance is not a part of standard insurance policies,and it must be purchased separately.2.Earthquakes can cause a variety of damage to a home,ranging from complete destruction to damage which causes the building to become structurally unsound.Indirect damage caused by neigh-boring collapses of structures and freeways can also occur,as can more bizarre forms of earthquake damage,like winding up with a car in the living room or a sinkhole in the back yard.Fires and flooding are also common problems in the wake of earthquakes.3.When homeowners purchase earthquake insurance,they may be protected against both direct damage,such as a structural collapse after an earthquake,and indirect damage,like a fire caused by broken gas lines.More commonly,the insurance only covers structural damage caused directly by the earthquake.The insurance may pay for a complete replacement of the structure,or a remodel, depending on the type of insurance and the nature of the damage.Some policies also cover damaged property like cars,and they may provide living allowances so that the residents of the home can temporarily relocate for the duration of the repairs.4.This type of homeowners' insurance is prone to adverse selection,in which only people in high risk areas purchase the insurance.The problem with adverse selection for insurance companies is that it decreases the pool of customers,making potential payouts very expensive.For this reason, earthquake insurance often has a high deductible,and it can he very expensive.5.Recognizing the need for earthquake insurance,some governments have provided subsidies for earthquake insurance,to reduce the stress on insurance companies.Insurance companies also adjust their risk pools carefully,and there may be stringent requirements for a homeowner to purchase earthquake insurance.For example,a home may need to be retrofitted for earthquake safety, reducing the amount of damage which will be incurred in a quake.For low-income home owners, this can be very difficult,as it drives the cost of earthquake insurance out of reach,which can in turn make it difficult to get home loans,as many banks in earthquake-prone areas insist on earth-quake insurance as a condition for a loan.Earthquakes can cause a variety of direct damage and______.A:indirect damageB:risk poolsC:government disaster fundsD:the nature of the damageE:insurance policies F: prices
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Earthquake Insurance1.Earthquake insurance is a form of homeowners' insurance which deals with damage caused by earthquakes.In regions where earthquakes are especially common,homeowners may be required to carry earthquake insurance,so that in the event of an earthquake,people rely less on government disaster funds and more on their own insurance policies.As a general rule,earthquake insurance is not a part of standard insurance policies,and it must be purchased separately.2.Earthquakes can cause a variety of damage to a home,ranging from complete destruction to damage which causes the building to become structurally unsound.Indirect damage caused by neigh-boring collapses of structures and freeways can also occur,as can more bizarre forms of earthquake damage,like winding up with a car in the living room or a sinkhole in the back yard.Fires and flooding are also common problems in the wake of earthquakes.3.When homeowners purchase earthquake insurance,they may be protected against both direct damage,such as a structural collapse after an earthquake,and indirect damage,like a fire caused by broken gas lines.More commonly,the insurance only covers structural damage caused directly by the earthquake.The insurance may pay for a complete replacement of the structure,or a remodel, depending on the type of insurance and the nature of the damage.Some policies also cover damaged property like cars,and they may provide living allowances so that the residents of the home can temporarily relocate for the duration of the repairs.4.This type of homeowners' insurance is prone to adverse selection,in which only people in high risk areas purchase the insurance.The problem with adverse selection for insurance companies is that it decreases the pool of customers,making potential payouts very expensive.For this reason, earthquake insurance often has a high deductible,and it can he very expensive.5.Recognizing the need for earthquake insurance,some governments have provided subsidies for earthquake insurance,to reduce the stress on insurance companies.Insurance companies also adjust their risk pools carefully,and there may be stringent requirements for a homeowner to purchase earthquake insurance.For example,a home may need to be retrofitted for earthquake safety, reducing the amount of damage which will be incurred in a quake.For low-income home owners, this can be very difficult,as it drives the cost of earthquake insurance out of reach,which can in turn make it difficult to get home loans,as many banks in earthquake-prone areas insist on earth-quake insurance as a condition for a loan.The insurance paid for earthquake depends on the type of insurance and______. A:indirect damageB:risk poolsC:government disaster fundsD:the nature of the damageE:insurance policies F: prices
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It is virtually impossible to persuade him to apply for the job.A:simply B:almost C:totally D:completely
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Moderate Earthquake Strikes EnglandA moderate earthquake struck parts of southeast England on 28 April 2007,toppling chim- neys from houses and rousing residents from their beds .Several thousand people were left without power in Kent County. One woman suffered minor head and neck injuries.“It felt as if the whole house was being slid across like a fun-fair ride,”said the woman.The British Geological Survey said the 4 .3-magnitude quake struck at 8:19 a.m. and was centered under the English Channel,about 8 .5 miles south of Dover and near the entrance to the Channel Tunnel.Witnesses said cracks appeared in walls and chimneys collapsed across the county .Residents said the tremor had lasted for about 10 to 15 seconds.“I was lying in bed and it felt as if someone had just got up from bed next to me.”said Hen-drick van Eck,27,of Canterbury about 60 miles southeast of London.“I then heard the sound of cracking,and it was getting heavier and heavier. It felt as if someone was at the end of my bed hopping up and down.”There are thousands of moderate quakes on this scale around the world each year,but they are rare in Britain. The April 28 quake was the strongest in Britain since 2002 when a 4.8-magni-tude quake struck the central England city of Birmingham.The country's strongest earthquake took place in the North Sea in 1931,measuring 6.1 on the Richter scale.British Geological Survey scientist Roger Musson said the quake took place on 28 April in an area that had seen several of the biggest earthquakes ever to strike Britain,including one in 1580 that caused damage in London and was felt in France.Musson predicted that it was only a matter of time before another earthquake struck this part of England.However,people should not be scared too much by this prediction,Musson said,as the modern earthquake warning system of Britain should be able to detect a forthcoming quake and announce it several hours be-fore it takes place .This would allow time for people to evacuate and reduce damage to the mini-mum.It can be learned from the last paragraph that______.A: moderate earthquakes often strike London in the historyB: earthquake warming system of Britain can predict the forthcoming quakeC: another earthquake is predicted to occur in EnglandD: the French also felt the earthquake taking place on 28,April 2007
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What does the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard enable？ （）A、 software to predict the location of installed files and directoriesB、 software to predict the ownership and access rights to files and directoriesC、 users to predict the location of installed files and directoriesD、 users to predict how the filesystem should be formatted according to need
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单选题The phrase “this element of the unknown” (Paragraph 3) refers to ______.A
the extension of earthquake zonesB
the percentage of earthquake occurrencesC
when and where earthquakes may occurD
what big damage earthquakes may cause
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单选题Man’s research on earthquake forecast at present is to ______.A
reduce the loss from earthquake disastersB
lower the frequency of earthquakesC
release the energy that causes earthquakesD
analyze the relationship between different earthquakes
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问答题Read the passage carefully and answer questions 1 to 5. Answer each question in a maximum of 10 words. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet. Every year earthquakes are responsible for a large number of deaths and a vast amount of destruction in various parts of the world. Most of these damaging earthquakes occur either in a narrow belt which surrounds the Pacific Ocean or in a line which extends from Burma to the Alps in Europe. Some of the destruction is directly caused by the quake itself. An example of this is the collapse of buildings as a result of vibration. Other damage results from landslides, tsunamis (large ocean waves) or major fires which are initiated by the quake. There are about a million quakes a year. Fortunately, however, not all of them are destructive. The intensity of an earthquake is measured on the Richter Scale, which goes from 0 upward. The highest magnitude recorded to date is 8.9. Major damage generally occurs from quakes ranging upwards from 6. 0. Exceptions to this are those whose epicenters are located far from inhabited areas. The actual cause of the quake itself is the rupturing or breaking of rocks at or below the earth’s surface. This is produced by pressure which scientists believe may be due to a number of reasons, two of which are the expansion and contraction of the earth’s crust and continental drift. In order to minimize the damage and to alleviate some of the suffering resulting from earthquakes, scientists are working on ways to enable accurate prediction. Two of the instruments presently in use to achieve this goal are seismographs and tiltmeters. The former records any shaking of the earth; by means of calculations seismologists can accurately indicate the exact time, location and size of an earthquake. The latter, as the name suggests, is used to record any changes in the tilt of the land. Questions: 1．Write down one of the two earthquake prone areas. 2．What other disasters may occur after a serious earthquake? 3．What is the unit of measurement of earthquake? 4．What is the highest magnitude in the record? 5．What are the two instruments used today to predict earthquake?
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