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Packages/cartons of frozen cargo should be stowed in a container ______．
A.a solid block
B.as a loose stowage
C.away from each other
D.separated from each other by planks
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材料：The carrier who does not pack a container cannot determine the sufficiency of packing of individual cartons within the container．Thus the carrier is not estopped from proving the insufficiency of packing of the GOODs within the container stuffed and sealed by the shipper，even where the carrier has issued a clean bill of lading．The principle of estoppel only applies to the apparent order and condition of the exterior of the container．The carrier has no duty to inspect the cargo of the shipper-packed container，unless its packaging is apparently inadequate or the shipper has given the carrier special instructions as to the special requirements of the cargo．This view places the burden of inspection and ascertainment of special stowage needs on the party most likely to know of or best equipped to discover such needs．Both the condition of the container and the packing of the individual objects inside are important．The condition of the container supplied by a shipper may preclude recovery by cargo interests in various situations，for example，where the containers insufficient ventilation causes the GOODs to spoil．Improper packing of objects（e.g．defective“stuffing”of GOODs into a container）may also constitute a case of insufficiency of packing by the shipper．For example，antiques，furniture，porcelain and crystal had been shipped in containers．The porcelain and crystal which had been packed in cartons suffered no damage，but the furniture and antiques which had only been wrapped in paper were damaged. The carrier was not held responsible as the packing was deemed to be insufficient．问题：If the carrier has issued a clean bill of lading for the general cargo on board of his ship，he will be ________．A.precluded from recovery of any loss or damage from any interestsB.prevented from making a denial that the cargo was packed in apparently GOOD order and conditionC.entitled to make any allegation that contradicts what he has previously stated that the cargo was properly packedD.estopped from proving the sufficiency of packing of the GOODsIt is inferred that this passage prepared to protect the interests of ________．A.the shipperB.the supplier of containersC.the cargo interestsD.the carrierIt is implied in the passage that ________．A.the carrier will not be responsible for the damage to a cargo contained in a container supplied by the carrierB.the carrier will in no way be responsible for the damage to a cargo contained in a container supplied by the shipperC.the carrier will be estopped from proving the insufficiency of packing of the GOODs within the container stuffed and sealed by the shipper even he has issued a clean bill of ladingD.by the principle of estoppel，the carrier will not be held responsible even the cargoes，such as antiques，furniture，porcelain and crystal，had been shipped in one containerThe insufficient ventilation of a container supplied by a shipper that causes the GOODs to spoil may preclude recovery ________．A.by the cargo interests against the carrierB.by the carrier against the ownersC.by the shipper against cargo interestsD.by the carrier against the cargo interests请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！
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Since ( ) were used in the cargo, a Phytosanitary Certificate should be provided.
A. wooden packages B. cartons
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The most modern type of dry cargo carrier is（）.A、multi-purpose shipB、the container shipC、bulk carrierD、general cargo ship
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单选题The cargo，when（），should be completely covered with plastic.A
stowB
stowingC
stowedD
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单选题A cargo of refrigerated fruit is packed in crates with transverse members dividing the crate in two equal parts. Which statement is TRUE?（）A
The cargo block should be tightly packed if the cargo is suitably chilled upon delivery to the vesselB
Both sides of each crate must be checked for the temperature and the appearance of the fruitC
The cargo block should be stowed with air channels built throughout the stowed cargoD
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单选题You are on a container vessel. What concerning the handling and stowage of containerized hazardous materials is TRUE?（）.A
Open-bed containers may be used to transport hazardous materials if the cargo is properly securedB
A portable cargo tank of a flammable，cryogenic liquid may not be in transit for a period exceeding its marked rated holding time unless the liquid is inhibitedC
A portable cargo tank containing a cryogenic liquid must be shipped on deck unless forced ventilation is provided to the tween-decksD
A container loaded with packages of tear gas would display a placard reading Irritant
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单选题You are on a containership. Which statement about the stowage of hazardous materials in containers is TRUE?（）.A
The containers provide automatic segregation of hazardous materials except for class A explosivesB
All packages within a container must be marked This End Up to indicate the correct stowageC
A refrigerated container with a fuel tank containing a flammable liquid must be stowed on deckD
Packages of liquids within a container should be stowed on top of packages of solids to prevent crushing
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单选题Which statement concerning the carriage of containers is TRUE?（）.A
The Chief Mate and Master of a container ship should have the proposed stowage plan ready for the stevedore upon arrival in portB
When stowed on deck of a break bulk ship，the bottom of the container must be evenly supported throughoutC
With tiered containers，a 40-foot container may be stowed on top of two 20-foot containersD
Deck load calculations must take into account the square footage of the entire container bottom
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单选题不同的绑扎工具应分门别类存放。（）A
Different lashing tools should be used separately.B
Different lashing tools should be stowed separately.C
Different lashing wires should be stowed separately.D
Different lashing bars should be stowed separately.
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单选题Never（）stowed like this.A
optional cargo should beB
should optional cargo beC
should be optional cargoD
should optional cargo
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单选题Containers are carried in container ships. They are stowed （）deck.A
only aboveB
only belowC
both above and belowD
only under
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单选题干货通常被装载到货舱里。（）A
Dry cargo is usually stowed in the hold.B
Dry cargo is usually stowed at the hatch.C
Wet cargo is usually stowed in the hold.
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单选题You are on a containership. The cargo includes a container of small arms ammunition，a container of lead-acid storage batteries and bottles of methyl acetylene. Which statement is TRUE?（）.A
The storage batteries must be stowed on deck away from the ammunitionB
The storage batteries must be at least ten horizontal feet away from the methyl acetylene if in the same spaceC
The ammunition must be separated from the methyl acetylene by at least one holdD
The methyl acetylene may be stowed on deck or under deck with under deck stowage to be used if available
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单选题The（）should ensure that the holds in which chemical packages are stowed are properly supervised during the loading operations and these packages are regularly inspected for leakage or damage on the voyage.A
berth operatorB
harbour supervisorC
master of a shipD
port authority
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单选题Certain dangerous goods are required “to be stowed in a mechanically ventilated space”. When such goods are carried in a closed Ro/Ro cargo space or a special category space，this space should（）.A
be mechanically operatedB
be temperature controlledC
be mechanically ventilatedD
not allow to run its refrigeration or heating equipment
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单选题Strong smelling cargo should be stowed（）the cargo absorbing foreign smell.A
together withB
on top ofC
underneathD
away from
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