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共用题干
Exercise can Replace Insulin for Elderly Diabetics
Most older people with so-called type Ⅱ diabetes could stop taking insulin if they would do brisk exercise for 30 minutes just three times a week,according to new medical research results reported in the Copenhagen newspaper Berlin gske Tidende on Monday.
Results from tests conducted on diabetics at the Copenhagen Central Hospital Rigshospitalet's Center for Muscle Research showed that physical exercise can boost the body's ability to utilise insulin by 30 percent,the newspaper reported.
This is equal to the effect most elderly diabetics get from their insulin medication today, it said.
Researchers had a group of non-diabetic men and a group of men with type Ⅱ,all more than 60 years of age,exercise on bicycles six times a week for three months.After the three months the doctors measured how much sugar the test subjects'muscles could utilise as a measure for how well their insulin worked.
Associate Professor Dr. Hemming Dela of the Muscle Research Center said the tests demonstrated that the exercising diabetics had just as high insulin utilisation as the healthy non一exercising persons.
“This means that the insulin works just as well for both groups.Physical exercise cannot cure people of diabetes,but it can eliminate almost all their symptoms. At the same time it can put off the point at which they have to begin taking insulin or perhaps completely avoid insulin treatment,”Dela was quoted as saying.
Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas,controlling sugar in the body and used against diabetes.
Dela said that to achieve the desired effect diabetics need only exercise to the point where they begin to work up a sweat,but that the activity has to be maintained since it wears off after five days without sufficient exercise.
Most diabetics realise that they have to watch their diet while remaining unaware of the importance of exercise,Dela added.

How could most elderly type Ⅱ diabetics stop taking insulin?
A: By taking more salt than usual.
B: By taking less salt than usual.
C: By doing brisk exercise for half an hour at least three times a week.
D: By going climbing,swimming or boxing every day.

参考答案

参考解析
解析：题干意为“大多数上了年纪的Ⅱ型糖尿病患者怎样才能停止使用胰岛素？” 短文标题直接点明了短文的主题——老年糖尿病患者可以通过体育锻炼来取代胰岛素治疗，因此与体育运动相关的选项C和选项D可能是答案。比较这两个选项：C项“通过每周三次轻快的体育锻炼，每次30分钟”,D项“通过每年爬山，游泳或拳击”，依据常识，老年人不适合做拳击运动，因此答案可能是选项C。其实短文第一段就是该问题设置的依据，第一段提到“一则最新医疗研究结果称，大多数Ⅱ型老年糖尿病患者只要每周坚持三次轻快的体育锻炼，每次30分钟，就可以不用注射胰岛素”。由此可以进一步确认答案为C。
题干意为“体育锻炼可以把身体利用胰岛素的能力提高多少？”利用题干中的细节信息短语physical exercise, body ability作为定位线索，备选项中出现了大量的数字，也利用备选项中的数字作为定位线索，这样在短文第二段中找到相关句：Results from tests conducted on diabetics at the Copenhagen Central Hospital Rigshospitalet's Center for Muscle Research showed'hat physical exercise can boost the body's ability to utilise insulin by 30 percent, the newspaper reported．该句提到“报道称，哥本哈根中心医院Rigshospitalet肌肉研究中心对糖尿病人进行测试，结果显示体育锻炼能将身体利用胰岛素的能力提高30%”。由此答案为B项。
题干意为“在哥本哈根中心医院进行的研究实验所涉及到的研究对象包 括……”。利用题干中的细节信息词/短语subjects,research tests, Copenhagen Central Hos-pital作为定位线索，在第四段中找到相关句：Researchers（指上文中提到的哥本哈根研究中心 的研究人员）had a group of non-diabetic men and a group of men with type Ⅱ ,all more than 60 years of age,exercise on bicycles six times a week for three months.After the three months the doctors measured how much sugar the test subjects'muscles could utilise as a measure for how well their insulin worked，第四段第一句提到“研究人员挑选了一组非糖尿病患者，一组Ⅱ型糖尿病患者，都在60岁以上的男性。这些人每周骑自行车锻炼六次，并持续三个月”。由此可知答案为D项“老年非糖尿病男性和老年Ⅱ型糖尿病男性患者”。
更多 “共用题干 Exercise can Replace Insulin for Elderly DiabeticsMost older people with so-called type Ⅱ diabetes could stop taking insulin if they would do brisk exercise for 30 minutes just three times a week,according to new medical research results reported in the Copenhagen newspaper Berlin gske Tidende on Monday.Results from tests conducted on diabetics at the Copenhagen Central Hospital Rigshospitalet's Center for Muscle Research showed that physical exercise can boost the body's ability to utilise insulin by 30 percent,the newspaper reported.This is equal to the effect most elderly diabetics get from their insulin medication today, it said.Researchers had a group of non-diabetic men and a group of men with type Ⅱ,all more than 60 years of age,exercise on bicycles six times a week for three months.After the three months the doctors measured how much sugar the test subjects'muscles could utilise as a measure for how well their insulin worked.Associate Professor Dr. Hemming Dela of the Muscle Research Center said the tests demonstrated that the exercising diabetics had just as high insulin utilisation as the healthy non一exercising persons.“This means that the insulin works just as well for both groups.Physical exercise cannot cure people of diabetes,but it can eliminate almost all their symptoms. At the same time it can put off the point at which they have to begin taking insulin or perhaps completely avoid insulin treatment,”Dela was quoted as saying.Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas,controlling sugar in the body and used against diabetes.Dela said that to achieve the desired effect diabetics need only exercise to the point where they begin to work up a sweat,but that the activity has to be maintained since it wears off after five days without sufficient exercise.Most diabetics realise that they have to watch their diet while remaining unaware of the importance of exercise,Dela added.How could most elderly type Ⅱ diabetics stop taking insulin?A: By taking more salt than usual.B: By taking less salt than usual.C: By doing brisk exercise for half an hour at least three times a week.D: By going climbing,swimming or boxing every day.” 相关考题
考题 We all need (11) ．Doctors say it is good (12) 0ur (13) ．It makes your heart and body strong． And you'll (14) better about yourself． It's best to exercise(15) a week．Twenty minutes each time is enough．There are (16 ways to exercise． You can walk， (17) ，play football or swim Many people go to special places to exercise． They are called "fitness centers ． These places have (18) equipment． Some people buy equipment(器械) for their families， But it is very expensive．Exercising can be fun． Friends can exercise together (19) a fitness center． How do you exercise? How (20) do you exercise?( )11．A． exercisingB． exercisesC． to exerciseD． exercised
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考题 共用题干 第三篇Exercise Lowers Employers' Health CostsCompanies can save millions in health-care costs simply by encouraging their employees to exercise a little bit,researchers reported on Friday.They said obese（肥胖的）employees had higher health-care costs , but lowered those expenses by exercising just a couple of times a week-without even losing any weight.Feifei Wang and colleagues at the University of Michigan studied 23,500 workers at General Motors.They estimated that getting the most sedentary（惯于久坐的）obese workers to exercise would have saved about$790,000 a year,or about 1.5 percent of health-care costs for the whole group.Company-wide,the potential savings could reach$7.l million per year,they reported in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.Of the whole group of workers,about 30 percent were of normal weight,45 percent were overweight（超重的）,and 25 percent were obese. Annual health-care costs averaged $2, 200 for normal weight,$2, 400 for the overweight,and$2, 700 for obese employees.But among workers who did no exercise,health-care costs went up by at least$100 a year,and were$3,000 a year for obese employees who were sedentary.But adding two or more days of light exercise一at least 20 minutes of exercise or work hard enough to increase heart rate and breathing一lowered costs by on average$500 per employee a year,the researchers found."This indicates that physical activity behavior could reduce at least some of the harmful effects of excess body fat,and in consequence,help lower the health-care costs,"Wang and colleagues wrote. How often should the employees exercise to help lower the health-care costs?A:At least seven days a week. B:At least twenty minutes a week.C:At least twice a week. D:At least once a week.
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考题 共用题干 Exercise can Replace Insulin for Elderly DiabeticsMost older people with so-called type Ⅱ diabetes could stop taking insulin if they would do brisk exercise for 30 minutes just three times a week,according to new medical research results reported in the Copenhagen newspaper Berlin gske Tidende on Monday.Results from tests conducted on diabetics at the Copenhagen Central Hospital Rigshospitalet's Center for Muscle Research showed that physical exercise can boost the body's ability to utilise insulin by 30 percent,the newspaper reported.This is equal to the effect most elderly diabetics get from their insulin medication today, it said.Researchers had a group of non-diabetic men and a group of men with type Ⅱ,all more than 60 years of age,exercise on bicycles six times a week for three months.After the three months the doctors measured how much sugar the test subjects'muscles could utilise as a measure for how well their insulin worked.Associate Professor Dr. Hemming Dela of the Muscle Research Center said the tests demonstrated that the exercising diabetics had just as high insulin utilisation as the healthy non一exercising persons.“This means that the insulin works just as well for both groups.Physical exercise cannot cure people of diabetes,but it can eliminate almost all their symptoms. At the same time it can put off the point at which they have to begin taking insulin or perhaps completely avoid insulin treatment,”Dela was quoted as saying.Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas,controlling sugar in the body and used against diabetes.Dela said that to achieve the desired effect diabetics need only exercise to the point where they begin to work up a sweat,but that the activity has to be maintained since it wears off after five days without sufficient exercise.Most diabetics realise that they have to watch their diet while remaining unaware of the importance of exercise,Dela added.According to Dela,among most diabetics the importance of exercise is______ the importance of watching their diet.A: as poorly understood asB: as well understood asC: less understood thanD: better understood than
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考题 共用题干 Exercise can Replace Insulin for Elderly DiabeticsMost older people with so-called type Ⅱ diabetes could stop taking insulin if they would do brisk exercise for 30 minutes just three times a week,according to new medical research results reported in the Copenhagen newspaper Berlin gske Tidende on Monday.Results from tests conducted on diabetics at the Copenhagen Central Hospital Rigshospitalet's Center for Muscle Research showed that physical exercise can boost the body's ability to utilise insulin by 30 percent,the newspaper reported.This is equal to the effect most elderly diabetics get from their insulin medication today, it said.Researchers had a group of non-diabetic men and a group of men with type Ⅱ,all more than 60 years of age,exercise on bicycles six times a week for three months.After the three months the doctors measured how much sugar the test subjects'muscles could utilise as a measure for how well their insulin worked.Associate Professor Dr. Hemming Dela of the Muscle Research Center said the tests demonstrated that the exercising diabetics had just as high insulin utilisation as the healthy non一exercising persons.“This means that the insulin works just as well for both groups.Physical exercise cannot cure people of diabetes,but it can eliminate almost all their symptoms. At the same time it can put off the point at which they have to begin taking insulin or perhaps completely avoid insulin treatment,”Dela was quoted as saying.Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas,controlling sugar in the body and used against diabetes.Dela said that to achieve the desired effect diabetics need only exercise to the point where they begin to work up a sweat,but that the activity has to be maintained since it wears off after five days without sufficient exercise.Most diabetics realise that they have to watch their diet while remaining unaware of the importance of exercise,Dela added.To what a degree have diabetics to exercise in order to achieve the desired effect?A:To the degree where they begin to sweat.B: To the degree where they feel exhausted.C: To the point when they feel thirsty.D: To the point when they have to take insulin.
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考题 共用题干 第三篇 Smart ExerciseDoctors are starting to find more and more information that suggests a connection between exercise and brain development.Judy Cameron,a scientist at Oregon Health and Science University,studies brain development.According to her research,it seems that exercise can make blood vessels,including those in the brain,stronger and more fully developed.Dr. Cameron claims this allows people who exercise to concentrate better. As she says:"While we already know that exercise is good for the heart,exercise can literally cause physical changes in the brain."The effects of exercise on brain development can even be seen in babies.Babies who do activities that require a lot of movement and physical activity show greater brain development than babies who are less physically active.With babies,even a{ittle movement can show big results. Margaret Barnes , a pediatrician（儿科医师）,believes in the importance of exercise.She thinks that many learning disabilities that children have in elementary school or high school can be traced back to a lack of movement as babies. "Babies need movement that stimulates their five senses.They need to establish a connection between motion and memory.In this way,as they get older,children will begin to associate physical activity with higher learning,"says Margaret. Older people can beef up their brains as well.Cornell University studied a group of seniors ranging in age from seventy to seventy-nine. Their study showed a short-term memory increase of up to 40 percent after exercising just three hours a week.The exercise does not have to be very difficult,but it does have to increase the heart rate.Also,just like the motion for infants,exercise for older people should involve some complexity.Learning some new skills or motions helps to open up memory paths in the brain that may not havebeen used for a long time.For most people,any type of physical activity that increases the heart rate is helpful. The main goal is to increase the brain's flow of blood.And your brain can benefit from as little as two to three hours of exercise a week. To be beneficial,exercise for older people shouldA:be done in a group. B: be done on a daily basis.C: involve great difficulty. D:increase the heart rate.
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考题 共用题干 第三篇 Smart ExerciseDoctors are starting to find more and more information that suggests a connection between exercise and brain development.Judy Cameron,a scientist at Oregon Health and Science University,studies brain development.According to her research,it seems that exercise can make blood vessels,including those in the brain,stronger and more fully developed.Dr. Cameron claims this allows people who exercise to concentrate better. As she says:"While we already know that exercise is good for the heart,exercise can literally cause physical changes in the brain."The effects of exercise on brain development can even be seen in babies.Babies who do activities that require a lot of movement and physical activity show greater brain development than babies who are less physically active.With babies,even a{ittle movement can show big results. Margaret Barnes , a pediatrician（儿科医师）,believes in the importance of exercise.She thinks that many learning disabilities that children have in elementary school or high school can be traced back to a lack of movement as babies. "Babies need movement that stimulates their five senses.They need to establish a connection between motion and memory.In this way,as they get older,children will begin to associate physical activity with higher learning,"says Margaret. Older people can beef up their brains as well.Cornell University studied a group of seniors ranging in age from seventy to seventy-nine. Their study showed a short-term memory increase of up to 40 percent after exercising just three hours a week.The exercise does not have to be very difficult,but it does have to increase the heart rate.Also,just like the motion for infants,exercise for older people should involve some complexity.Learning some new skills or motions helps to open up memory paths in the brain that may not havebeen used for a long time.For most people,any type of physical activity that increases the heart rate is helpful. The main goal is to increase the brain's flow of blood.And your brain can benefit from as little as two to three hours of exercise a week.The expression"beef up"in paragraph 3 meansA:control. B: strengthen.C:operate. D: encourage.
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考题 共用题干 第三篇 Smart ExerciseDoctors are starting to find more and more information that suggests a connection between exercise and brain development.Judy Cameron,a scientist at Oregon Health and Science University,studies brain development.According to her research,it seems that exercise can make blood vessels,including those in the brain,stronger and more fully developed.Dr. Cameron claims this allows people who exercise to concentrate better. As she says:"While we already know that exercise is good for the heart,exercise can literally cause physical changes in the brain."The effects of exercise on brain development can even be seen in babies.Babies who do activities that require a lot of movement and physical activity show greater brain development than babies who are less physically active.With babies,even a{ittle movement can show big results. Margaret Barnes , a pediatrician（儿科医师）,believes in the importance of exercise.She thinks that many learning disabilities that children have in elementary school or high school can be traced back to a lack of movement as babies. "Babies need movement that stimulates their five senses.They need to establish a connection between motion and memory.In this way,as they get older,children will begin to associate physical activity with higher learning,"says Margaret. Older people can beef up their brains as well.Cornell University studied a group of seniors ranging in age from seventy to seventy-nine. Their study showed a short-term memory increase of up to 40 percent after exercising just three hours a week.The exercise does not have to be very difficult,but it does have to increase the heart rate.Also,just like the motion for infants,exercise for older people should involve some complexity.Learning some new skills or motions helps to open up memory paths in the brain that may not havebeen used for a long time.For most people,any type of physical activity that increases the heart rate is helpful. The main goal is to increase the brain's flow of blood.And your brain can benefit from as little as two to three hours of exercise a week. Research by Dr.Cameron seems to suggest that exercise canA: generate new blood vessels. B:change the way a person thinks.C: promote brain development. D: divert one's attention.
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考题 共用题干 Exercise can Replace Insulin for Elderly DiabeticsMost older people with so-called type Ⅱ diabetes could stop taking insulin if they would do brisk exercise for 30 minutes just three times a week,according to new medical research results reported in the Copenhagen newspaper Berlin gske Tidende on Monday.Results from tests conducted on diabetics at the Copenhagen Central Hospital Rigshospitalet's Center for Muscle Research showed that physical exercise can boost the body's ability to utilise insulin by 30 percent,the newspaper reported.This is equal to the effect most elderly diabetics get from their insulin medication today, it said.Researchers had a group of non-diabetic men and a group of men with type Ⅱ,all more than 60 years of age,exercise on bicycles six times a week for three months.After the three months the doctors measured how much sugar the test subjects'muscles could utilise as a measure for how well their insulin worked.Associate Professor Dr. Hemming Dela of the Muscle Research Center said the tests demonstrated that the exercising diabetics had just as high insulin utilisation as the healthy non一exercising persons.“This means that the insulin works just as well for both groups.Physical exercise cannot cure people of diabetes,but it can eliminate almost all their symptoms. At the same time it can put off the point at which they have to begin taking insulin or perhaps completely avoid insulin treatment,”Dela was quoted as saying.Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas,controlling sugar in the body and used against diabetes.Dela said that to achieve the desired effect diabetics need only exercise to the point where they begin to work up a sweat,but that the activity has to be maintained since it wears off after five days without sufficient exercise.Most diabetics realise that they have to watch their diet while remaining unaware of the importance of exercise,Dela added.Physical exercise may increase the body ability to utilise insulin by______.A: 70 percentB: 30 percentC: 60 percentD: only a few percent
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考题 共用题干 Exercise can Replace Insulin for Elderly DiabeticsMost older people with so-called type Ⅱ diabetes could stop taking insulin if they would do brisk exercise for 30 minutes just three times a week,according to new medical research results reported in the Copenhagen newspaper Berlin gske Tidende on Monday.Results from tests conducted on diabetics at the Copenhagen Central Hospital Rigshospitalet's Center for Muscle Research showed that physical exercise can boost the body's ability to utilise insulin by 30 percent,the newspaper reported.This is equal to the effect most elderly diabetics get from their insulin medication today, it said.Researchers had a group of non-diabetic men and a group of men with type Ⅱ,all more than 60 years of age,exercise on bicycles six times a week for three months.After the three months the doctors measured how much sugar the test subjects'muscles could utilise as a measure for how well their insulin worked.Associate Professor Dr. Hemming Dela of the Muscle Research Center said the tests demonstrated that the exercising diabetics had just as high insulin utilisation as the healthy non一exercising persons.“This means that the insulin works just as well for both groups.Physical exercise cannot cure people of diabetes,but it can eliminate almost all their symptoms. At the same time it can put off the point at which they have to begin taking insulin or perhaps completely avoid insulin treatment,”Dela was quoted as saying.Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas,controlling sugar in the body and used against diabetes.Dela said that to achieve the desired effect diabetics need only exercise to the point where they begin to work up a sweat,but that the activity has to be maintained since it wears off after five days without sufficient exercise.Most diabetics realise that they have to watch their diet while remaining unaware of the importance of exercise,Dela added.The subjects of the research tests conducted at the Copenhagen Central Hospital included______.A: elderly non-diabetic menB: elderly type Ⅱ diabetic menC: both sexes of all agesD: both A and B
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考题 共用题干 第二篇Exercise and BrainJust as exercise strengthens the heart and lungs,bones and muscles,it may also power up the brain.A succession of scientific studies of animals implies that physical activity has a positive effect on mental functioning."It's clear that the brain benefits from exercise,"says brain scientist William Greenough of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.His studies with rats have demonstrated two primary effects of activity:Vigorous physical exercise provides the brain with more fuel,and skill-based ex-ercise increases the formation of connections in the brain, which, according to the proposals of some scientists,may make the brain better able to process information.In one experiment,laboratory rats were separated into three groups.One group was exercised by running inside an automatic wheel,a second group improved their skills in a complicated obstacle course,and a third group was inactive."The animals that learned to go through the obstacle course exhibited a greater number of brain connections than the animals in the exercised or inactive groups,"Greenough said."In contrast, the animals that exercised inside the automatic wheel possessed a greater density of blood vessels in the brain than did either of the other two groups of animals."Learning a new dance step may boost the brain in the same way that learning a language can, he says.And if the dance is a good physical exercise as well,the benefits multiply.Young brains may be especially able to boost brain power through exercise,suggested another of Greenough's experiments that showed the most significant changes in the brain occurred among rats that had been exercised when very young.And while animals aren't people,he says it is logical to make the inference that an effect found in rats may also apply to humans.Human studies have focused primarily on older adults and suggest that regular exercise can improve the speed with which the brain processes information.Measurements made by Arthur Kramer at the University of Illinois demonstrated that inactive adults,aged 63 to 82,could hit buttons faster in response to a tone after they went through a 10-week water exercise course.A corresponding control group that didn't exercise showed no improvement.Which statement is correct according to the passage?A:The effect of exercises found in rats can not apply to people.B:Changes in the brain occurred among young rats are more significant than those among adult rats.C:Regular exercise can only improve the speed with which the older adults' brain processes information.D:The author encourages people do more skill-based exercise instead of vigorous physical exercise.
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考题 共用题干 第三篇 Smart ExerciseDoctors are starting to find more and more information that suggests a connection between exercise and brain development.Judy Cameron,a scientist at Oregon Health and Science University,studies brain development.According to her research,it seems that exercise can make blood vessels,including those in the brain,stronger and more fully developed.Dr. Cameron claims this allows people who exercise to concentrate better. As she says:"While we already know that exercise is good for the heart,exercise can literally cause physical changes in the brain."The effects of exercise on brain development can even be seen in babies.Babies who do activities that require a lot of movement and physical activity show greater brain development than babies who are less physically active.With babies,even a{ittle movement can show big results. Margaret Barnes , a pediatrician（儿科医师）,believes in the importance of exercise.She thinks that many learning disabilities that children have in elementary school or high school can be traced back to a lack of movement as babies. "Babies need movement that stimulates their five senses.They need to establish a connection between motion and memory.In this way,as they get older,children will begin to associate physical activity with higher learning,"says Margaret. Older people can beef up their brains as well.Cornell University studied a group of seniors ranging in age from seventy to seventy-nine. Their study showed a short-term memory increase of up to 40 percent after exercising just three hours a week.The exercise does not have to be very difficult,but it does have to increase the heart rate.Also,just like the motion for infants,exercise for older people should involve some complexity.Learning some new skills or motions helps to open up memory paths in the brain that may not havebeen used for a long time.For most people,any type of physical activity that increases the heart rate is helpful. The main goal is to increase the brain's flow of blood.And your brain can benefit from as little as two to three hours of exercise a week.The title of the passage implies thatA:only smart people do exercise. B: exercise can be smart or stupid.C:exercise keeps the brain strong. D:it is fashionable to do exercise.
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考题 共用题干 Research Shows Walking Can Lift DepressionNew research by German scientists shows that author Charles Dickens was onto a good thing when he took long,brisk walks to relieve periodic bouts of depression.The author of Oliver Twist and David Copperfield would walk for hours in the l860s as an antidote to intense feelings of sadness which alternated with restless euphoria.__________(46)Aerobic exercise like rapid walking can be more effective at lifting depression than drugs,reported the scientists led by Dr. Fernando Dimeo._________(47)The team found that in 10 of these patients drugs had failed to bring any substantial improvement.The team devised an exercise regime for the group that involved walking on a treadmill for 30 minutes every day.__________(48)The intensity of the training programme was stepped up as the heart rate adapted.A measurement of depression severity was taken at the start and the end of the programme,and patients were asked to rate their own mood regularly over a 10-day period.The researchers in Berlin found that after 10 days of the course six patients felt"substantially less depressed". ___________(49)Two were slightly less depressed,while four others remained unchanged.Depression levels overall fell by a thirds and on the self-assessed scores by 25 percent,said the researchers whose findings appeared in the British Journal of Sports Medicine.The study was small but the extent of the improvement was said by scientists to be impressive._____(50)Nineteenth century doctors would have called Dickens'condition melancholia since the psychological condition of depression was unknown.Dickens'biographer Peter Ackroyd says the author's son Charles remembers his father's"heavy moods of deep depression"and many times of"intense nervous irritability", something modern psychologists would certainly recognize._________(48)A:The number included five people who had not found any relief using drug treatment.B:Long and brisk walks are not necessarily beneficial to every person.C:They studied 12 people with severe depression that had lasted an average of nine months.D:The outcome indicated a clinical benefit which could not be obtained with pharmacological treatment currently available,they said.E:This is also the advice that experts from the Free University in Berlin are giving today.F:According to the regime,intense activity lasting three minutes was alternated with walking at half speed for three minutes.
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考题 共用题干 第三篇Exercise Can Replace Insulin for Elderly DiabeticsMost old people with so-called type Ⅱ diabetes could stop taking insulin if they would do brisk exercise for 30 minutes just three times a week,according to new medical research results reported in the Copenhagen newspaper Berlingske Tidende on Monday.Results from tests conducted on diabetics at the Copenhagen Central Hospital Rigshospitalet's Center for Muscle Research showed that physical exercise can boost the body's ability to utilise insulin by 30 percent,the newspaper reported.This is equal to the effect most elderly diabetics get from their insulin medication today,it said.Researchers had a group of non-diabetic men and a group of men with type Ⅱ,all more than 60 years of age,exercise on bicycles six times a week for three months.After the three months the doctors measured how much sugar the test subjects'muscles could utilise as a measure for how well their insulin worked.Associate Professor Dr. Flemming Dela of the Muscle Research Center said the tests demonstrated that the exercising diabetics had just as high insulin utilisation as the healthy non-exercising persons."This means that the insulin works just as well for both groups.Physical exercise cannot cure people of diabetes,but it can eliminate almost all their symptoms.At the same time it can put off the point at which they have to begin taking insulin or perhaps completely avoid insulin treatment,"Dela was quoted as saying.Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas,controlling sugar in the body and used against diabetes.Dela said that to achieve the desired effect diabetics need only exercise to the point where they begin to work up a sweat,but that the activity has to be maintained since it wears off after five days without sufficient exercise.Most diabetics realise that they have to watch their diet while remaining unaware of the importance of exercise,Dela added.To what a degree have diabetics to exercise in order to achieve the desired effect?A:To the degree where they begin to sweat.B:To the degree where they feel exhausted.C:To the point when they feel thirsty.D:To the point when they have to take insulin.
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考题 共用题干 Exercise Can Replace Insulin for Elderly DiabeticsMost old people with so-called type Ⅱ diabetes could stop taking insulin if they would do brisk exercise for 30 minutes just three times a week,according to new medical research results reported in the Copenhagen newspaper Berlingske Tidende on Monday.Results from tests conducted on diabetics at the Copenhagen Central Hospital Rigshospitalet's Centerfor Muscle Research showed that physical exercise can boost the body's ability to utilise insulin by 30 percent,the newspaper reported.This is equal to the effect most elderly diabetics get from their insulin medication today,it said.Researchers had a group of non-diabetic men and a group of men with type II,all more than 60 years of age,exercise on bicycles six times a week for three months.After the three months the doctors measured how much sugar the test subjects'muscles could utilise as a measure for how well their insulin worked.Associate Professor Dr.Flemming Dela of the Muscle Research Center said the tests demonstrated that the exercising diabetics had just as high insulin utilisation as the healthy non-exercising persons."This means that the insulin works just as well for both groups.Physical exercise cannot cure people of diabetes,but it can eliminate almost all their symptoms.At the same time it can put off the point at which they have to begin taking insulin or perhaps completely avoid insulin treatment,"Dela was quoted as saying.Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas,controlling sugar in the body and used against diabetes.Dela said that to achieve the desired effect diabetics need only exercise to the point where they begin to work up a sweat,but that the activity has to be maintained since it wears off after five days without sufficient exercise。Most diabetics realise that they have to watch their diet while remaining unaware of the importance of exercise,Dela added.Physical exercise may increase the body ability to utilise insulin by______.A:70 percent B:30 percent C:60 percent D:only a few percent
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考题 共用题干 第三篇Exercise Can Replace Insulin for Elderly DiabeticsMost old people with so-called type Ⅱ diabetes could stop taking insulin if they would do brisk exercise for 30 minutes just three times a week,according to new medical research results reported in the Copenhagen newspaper Berlingske Tidende on Monday.Results from tests conducted on diabetics at the Copenhagen Central Hospital Rigshospitalet's Center for Muscle Research showed that physical exercise can boost the body's ability to utilise insulin by 30 percent,the newspaper reported.This is equal to the effect most elderly diabetics get from their insulin medication today,it said.Researchers had a group of non-diabetic men and a group of men with type Ⅱ,all more than 60 years of age,exercise on bicycles six times a week for three months.After the three months the doctors measured how much sugar the test subjects'muscles could utilise as a measure for how well their insulin worked.Associate Professor Dr. Flemming Dela of the Muscle Research Center said the tests demonstrated that the exercising diabetics had just as high insulin utilisation as the healthy non-exercising persons."This means that the insulin works just as well for both groups.Physical exercise cannot cure people of diabetes,but it can eliminate almost all their symptoms.At the same time it can put off the point at which they have to begin taking insulin or perhaps completely avoid insulin treatment,"Dela was quoted as saying.Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas,controlling sugar in the body and used against diabetes.Dela said that to achieve the desired effect diabetics need only exercise to the point where they begin to work up a sweat,but that the activity has to be maintained since it wears off after five days without sufficient exercise.Most diabetics realise that they have to watch their diet while remaining unaware of the importance of exercise,Dela added.How could most elderly type Ⅱ diabetics stop taking insulin?A:By taking more salt than usual.B:By taking less salt than usual.C:By doing brisk exercise for half an hour at least three times a week.D:By going climbing,swimming or boxing every day.
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考题 共用题干 第一篇Exercise Lowers Employers' Health CostsCompanies can save millions in health-care costs simply by encouraging their employees to exercise a little bit,researchers reported on Friday.They said obese（肥胖的）employees had higher health-care costs , but lowered those expenses by exercising just a couple of times a week一without even losing any weight.Feifei Wang and colleagues at the University of Michigan studied 23,500 workers at General Motors.They estimated that getting the most sedentary (惯于久坐的）obese workers to exercise would have saved about$790,000 a year,or about 1.5 percent of health-care costs for the whole group.Company-wide,the potential savings could reach$7.1million per year,they reported in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.Of the whole group of workers,about 30 percent were of normal weight,45 percent were overweight（超重的）,and 25 percent were obese. Annual health-care costs averaged$2,200 for normal weight,$2,400 for the overweight,and$2,700 for obese employees.But among workers who did no exercise,health-care costs went up by at least $100 a year,and were $3,000 a year for obese employees who were sedentary.But adding two or more days of light exercise一at least 20 minutes of exercise or work hard enough to increase heart rate and breathing一lowered costs by on average$500 per employee a year,the researchers found."This indicates that physical activity behavior could reduce at least some of the harmful effects of excess body fat,and in consequence,help lower the health-care costs,"Wang and colleagues wrote. How can employees help lower the health-care costs?A:By taking more rest. B:By eating less.C:By exercising a little bit. D:By saving more money.
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考题 共用题干 第一篇Exercise Lowers Employers' Health CostsCompanies can save millions in health-care costs simply by encouraging their employees to exercise a little bit,researchers reported on Friday.They said obese（肥胖的）employees had higher health-care costs , but lowered those expenses by exercising just a couple of times a week一without even losing any weight.Feifei Wang and colleagues at the University of Michigan studied 23,500 workers at General Motors.They estimated that getting the most sedentary (惯于久坐的）obese workers to exercise would have saved about$790,000 a year,or about 1.5 percent of health-care costs for the whole group.Company-wide,the potential savings could reach$7.1million per year,they reported in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.Of the whole group of workers,about 30 percent were of normal weight,45 percent were overweight（超重的）,and 25 percent were obese. Annual health-care costs averaged$2,200 for normal weight,$2,400 for the overweight,and$2,700 for obese employees.But among workers who did no exercise,health-care costs went up by at least $100 a year,and were $3,000 a year for obese employees who were sedentary.But adding two or more days of light exercise一at least 20 minutes of exercise or work hard enough to increase heart rate and breathing一lowered costs by on average$500 per employee a year,the researchers found."This indicates that physical activity behavior could reduce at least some of the harmful effects of excess body fat,and in consequence,help lower the health-care costs,"Wang and colleagues wrote. How often should the employees exercise to help lower the health-care costs?A:At least seven days a week. B:At least twenty minutes a week.C:At least twice a week. D:At least once a week.
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考题 共用题干 What Is Insulin-dependent Diabetes?When you eat,your body takes the sugar from food and turns it into fuel.______(46)Your body uses glucose for energy,so it can do everything from breathing air to playing a video game.But glucose can't be used by the body on its own-it needs a hormone called insulin to bring it into the cells of the body.Most people get the insulin they need from the pancreas,a large organ near the stomach?The pancreas makes insulin;insulin brings glucose into the cells;and the body gets the energy it needs.When a person has insulin一dependent diabetes,it's because the pancreas is not making insulin.So someone could be eating lots of food and getting all the glucose he needs,but without insulin,there is no way for the body to use the glucose for energy.______(47)You may have heard older people talk about having diabetes,maybe people of your grandparents'age.Usually,this is a different kind of diabetes called non一insulin一dependent diabetes.It can also be called Type 2 diabetes,or adult-onset diabetes.______(48) When a kid is diagnosed with juvenile(insulin-dependent)diabetes,he will have that type of diabetes for his whole life.It won't ever change to non-insulin-dependent diabetes when he gets older.Scientists now think that a person who has juvenile diabetes was born with a certain gene or genes that made the person more likely to get the illness.______(49)Many scientists believe that along with having certain genes,something else outside the person's body, like a viral infection,is necessary to set the diabetes in motion by affecting the cells in the pancreas that make insulin.But the person must have the gene(or genes)for diabetes to start' out with一this means you can't get diabetes just from catching a flu,virus,or cold.And this type of diabetes isn't caused by eating too many sugary foods,either.Diabetes can take a long time to develop in a person's body-sometimes months or years?Another important thing to remember is that diabetes is not contagious.______(50)______(47)A:Genes are something that you inherit from your parents,and they are in your body even before you're born.B:This sugar-fuel is called glucose?C:It may be possible to beat insulin resistance through lifestyle changes.D:You can't catch diabetes from people who have it,no matter how close you sit to them or if you kiss them.E:The glucose can't get into the cells of the body without insulin.F:When a person has this kind of diabetes,the pancreas usually can still make insulin,but the person's body needs more than the pancreas can make?
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考题 共用题干 Exercise Can Replace Insulin for Elderly DiabeticsMost old people with so-called type Ⅱ diabetes could stop taking insulin if they would do brisk exercise for 30 minutes just three times a week,according to new medical research results reported in the Copenhagen newspaper Berlingske Tidende on Monday.Results from tests conducted on diabetics at the Copenhagen Central Hospital Rigshospitalet's Centerfor Muscle Research showed that physical exercise can boost the body's ability to utilise insulin by 30 percent,the newspaper reported.This is equal to the effect most elderly diabetics get from their insulin medication today,it said.Researchers had a group of non-diabetic men and a group of men with type II,all more than 60 years of age,exercise on bicycles six times a week for three months.After the three months the doctors measured how much sugar the test subjects'muscles could utilise as a measure for how well their insulin worked.Associate Professor Dr.Flemming Dela of the Muscle Research Center said the tests demonstrated that the exercising diabetics had just as high insulin utilisation as the healthy non-exercising persons."This means that the insulin works just as well for both groups.Physical exercise cannot cure people of diabetes,but it can eliminate almost all their symptoms.At the same time it can put off the point at which they have to begin taking insulin or perhaps completely avoid insulin treatment,"Dela was quoted as saying.Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas,controlling sugar in the body and used against diabetes.Dela said that to achieve the desired effect diabetics need only exercise to the point where they begin to work up a sweat,but that the activity has to be maintained since it wears off after five days without sufficient exercise。Most diabetics realise that they have to watch their diet while remaining unaware of the importance of exercise,Dela added.According to Dela,among most diabetics the importance of exercise is______the importance of watching their diet.A:as poorly understood as B:as well understood asC:less understood than D:better understood than
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考题 共用题干 Exercise Can Replace Insulin for Elderly DiabeticsMost old people with so-called type Ⅱ diabetes could stop taking insulin if they would do brisk exercise for 30 minutes just three times a week,according to new medical research results reported in the Copenhagen newspaper Berlingske Tidende on Monday.Results from tests conducted on diabetics at the Copenhagen Central Hospital Rigshospitalet's Centerfor Muscle Research showed that physical exercise can boost the body's ability to utilise insulin by 30 percent,the newspaper reported.This is equal to the effect most elderly diabetics get from their insulin medication today,it said.Researchers had a group of non-diabetic men and a group of men with type II,all more than 60 years of age,exercise on bicycles six times a week for three months.After the three months the doctors measured how much sugar the test subjects'muscles could utilise as a measure for how well their insulin worked.Associate Professor Dr.Flemming Dela of the Muscle Research Center said the tests demonstrated that the exercising diabetics had just as high insulin utilisation as the healthy non-exercising persons."This means that the insulin works just as well for both groups.Physical exercise cannot cure people of diabetes,but it can eliminate almost all their symptoms.At the same time it can put off the point at which they have to begin taking insulin or perhaps completely avoid insulin treatment,"Dela was quoted as saying.Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas,controlling sugar in the body and used against diabetes.Dela said that to achieve the desired effect diabetics need only exercise to the point where they begin to work up a sweat,but that the activity has to be maintained since it wears off after five days without sufficient exercise。Most diabetics realise that they have to watch their diet while remaining unaware of the importance of exercise,Dela added.The subjects of the research tests conducted at the Copenhagen Central Hospital included______.A:elderly non-diabetic men B:elderly type Ⅱ diabetic menC:both sexes of all ages D:both A and B
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考题 共用题干 Exercise Can Replace Insulin for Elderly DiabeticsMost old people with so-called type Ⅱ diabetes could stop taking insulin if they would do brisk exercise for 30 minutes just three times a week,according to new medical research results reported in the Copenhagen newspaper Berlingske Tidende on Monday.Results from tests conducted on diabetics at the Copenhagen Central Hospital Rigshospitalet's Centerfor Muscle Research showed that physical exercise can boost the body's ability to utilise insulin by 30 percent,the newspaper reported.This is equal to the effect most elderly diabetics get from their insulin medication today,it said.Researchers had a group of non-diabetic men and a group of men with type II,all more than 60 years of age,exercise on bicycles six times a week for three months.After the three months the doctors measured how much sugar the test subjects'muscles could utilise as a measure for how well their insulin worked.Associate Professor Dr.Flemming Dela of the Muscle Research Center said the tests demonstrated that the exercising diabetics had just as high insulin utilisation as the healthy non-exercising persons."This means that the insulin works just as well for both groups.Physical exercise cannot cure people of diabetes,but it can eliminate almost all their symptoms.At the same time it can put off the point at which they have to begin taking insulin or perhaps completely avoid insulin treatment,"Dela was quoted as saying.Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas,controlling sugar in the body and used against diabetes.Dela said that to achieve the desired effect diabetics need only exercise to the point where they begin to work up a sweat,but that the activity has to be maintained since it wears off after five days without sufficient exercise。Most diabetics realise that they have to watch their diet while remaining unaware of the importance of exercise,Dela added.To what a degree have diabetics to exercise in order to achieve the desired effect?A:To the degree where they begin to sweat. B:To the degree where they feel exhausted.C:To the point when they feel thirsty. D:To the point when they have to take insulin.
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考题 共用题干 第三篇Walking to Exercise the BrainDo you think sitting and studying all the time will improve your grades?Think again?Getting some exer-cise may help,too.New research with old people suggests that taking regular walks helps them pay attention better than ifthey didn't exercise.Previous research had shown that mice learn,remember,and pay attention better after a few weeks ofworking out on a running wheel.Mice that exercise have greater bl0od flow to the brain than those who don't.Their brain cells also make more connections.Neuroscientists（神经科学家）from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign wanted to find out ifthe same thing is true for people.First,they measured the physical fitness of 41 adults,ages 58 to 77,after each person walked 1 mile.Then,participants looked at arrows on a computer screen and had to use computerkeys to show which way one particular arrow was pointing.Adults who were physically fit were faster at the arrow task,and their answers were just as accurate astheir less-it peers,the researchers found.The fitter participants also had more blood flow to a part of theirbrain responsible for paying attention and making decisions.In a second study , 15 elderly people who completed a 6-month aerobic-training（有氧运动）course werefaster at attention tasks compared with 14 seniors who just did stretching and toning exercises（韵律操）for the same amount of time.So,even going for a walk every 2 or 3 days for just 10 to 45 minutes can help.That should be good news for the elderly.The effects of exercising on the brains of younger people haven't been studied yet.Still,it can't hurt to take occasional breaks and' go for a walk or run around with friends.Whatever you do,though,don't try to read and walk at the same time.You could end up hurting yourself!Walking regularly helps elderly people___________.A:lose weightB:become happierC:concentrate betterD:look younger
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考题 共用题干 第三篇Walking to Exercise the BrainDo you think sitting and studying all the time will improve your grades?Think again?Getting some exer-cise may help,too.New research with old people suggests that taking regular walks helps them pay attention better than ifthey didn't exercise.Previous research had shown that mice learn,remember,and pay attention better after a few weeks ofworking out on a running wheel.Mice that exercise have greater bl0od flow to the brain than those who don't.Their brain cells also make more connections.Neuroscientists（神经科学家）from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign wanted to find out ifthe same thing is true for people.First,they measured the physical fitness of 41 adults,ages 58 to 77,after each person walked 1 mile.Then,participants looked at arrows on a computer screen and had to use computerkeys to show which way one particular arrow was pointing.Adults who were physically fit were faster at the arrow task,and their answers were just as accurate astheir less-it peers,the researchers found.The fitter participants also had more blood flow to a part of theirbrain responsible for paying attention and making decisions.In a second study , 15 elderly people who completed a 6-month aerobic-training（有氧运动）course werefaster at attention tasks compared with 14 seniors who just did stretching and toning exercises（韵律操）for the same amount of time.So,even going for a walk every 2 or 3 days for just 10 to 45 minutes can help.That should be good news for the elderly.The effects of exercising on the brains of younger people haven't been studied yet.Still,it can't hurt to take occasional breaks and' go for a walk or run around with friends.Whatever you do,though,don't try to read and walk at the same time.You could end up hurting yourself!It is suggested in the last paragraph that people should_____________.A:run around once a weekB:not read and walk at the same timeC:go for a walk every dayD:not hurt their friends while exercising
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考题 共用题干 第三篇Walking to Exercise the BrainDo you think sitting and studying all the time will improve your grades?Think again?Getting some exer-cise may help,too.New research with old people suggests that taking regular walks helps them pay attention better than ifthey didn't exercise.Previous research had shown that mice learn,remember,and pay attention better after a few weeks ofworking out on a running wheel.Mice that exercise have greater bl0od flow to the brain than those who don't.Their brain cells also make more connections.Neuroscientists（神经科学家）from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign wanted to find out ifthe same thing is true for people.First,they measured the physical fitness of 41 adults,ages 58 to 77,after each person walked 1 mile.Then,participants looked at arrows on a computer screen and had to use computerkeys to show which way one particular arrow was pointing.Adults who were physically fit were faster at the arrow task,and their answers were just as accurate astheir less-it peers,the researchers found.The fitter participants also had more blood flow to a part of theirbrain responsible for paying attention and making decisions.In a second study , 15 elderly people who completed a 6-month aerobic-training（有氧运动）course werefaster at attention tasks compared with 14 seniors who just did stretching and toning exercises（韵律操）for the same amount of time.So,even going for a walk every 2 or 3 days for just 10 to 45 minutes can help.That should be good news for the elderly.The effects of exercising on the brains of younger people haven't been studied yet.Still,it can't hurt to take occasional breaks and' go for a walk or run around with friends.Whatever you do,though,don't try to read and walk at the same time.You could end up hurting yourself!It can be good for health when one takes a walk every 2 or 3 days for at least__________.A:3 minutesB:45 minutesC:30 minutesD:10 minutes
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考题 共用题干 第三篇Walking to Exercise the BrainDo you think sitting and studying all the time will improve your grades?Think again?Getting some exer-cise may help,too.New research with old people suggests that taking regular walks helps them pay attention better than ifthey didn't exercise.Previous research had shown that mice learn,remember,and pay attention better after a few weeks ofworking out on a running wheel.Mice that exercise have greater bl0od flow to the brain than those who don't.Their brain cells also make more connections.Neuroscientists（神经科学家）from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign wanted to find out ifthe same thing is true for people.First,they measured the physical fitness of 41 adults,ages 58 to 77,after each person walked 1 mile.Then,participants looked at arrows on a computer screen and had to use computerkeys to show which way one particular arrow was pointing.Adults who were physically fit were faster at the arrow task,and their answers were just as accurate astheir less-it peers,the researchers found.The fitter participants also had more blood flow to a part of theirbrain responsible for paying attention and making decisions.In a second study , 15 elderly people who completed a 6-month aerobic-training（有氧运动）course werefaster at attention tasks compared with 14 seniors who just did stretching and toning exercises（韵律操）for the same amount of time.So,even going for a walk every 2 or 3 days for just 10 to 45 minutes can help.That should be good news for the elderly.The effects of exercising on the brains of younger people haven't been studied yet.Still,it can't hurt to take occasional breaks and' go for a walk or run around with friends.Whatever you do,though,don't try to read and walk at the same time.You could end up hurting yourself!After taking exercise for a few weeks,the mice were found to have__________.A:higher blood pressureB:faster heartbeatC:more blood flow to the brainD:better appearance
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考题 Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage. Exercise is one of the few factors with a positive role in long-term maintenance of body weight. Unfortunately, that message has not gotten through to the average American, who would rather try switching to “light” beer and low-calorie bread than increase physical exertion. The Centers for Disease Control, for example, found that fewer than one-fourth of overweight adults who were trying to shed pounds said they were combining exercise with their diet. In rejecting exercise, some people may be discouraged too much by caloric-expenditure charts: for example, one would have to briskly walk three miles just to work off the 275 calories in one delicious Danish pastry (小甜饼). Even exercise professionals concede half a point here. “Exercise by itself is a very tough way to lose weight,” says York Onnen, program director of the President’s Council on Physical Fitness and Sports. Still, exercise’s supporting role in weight reduction is vital. A study at the Boston University Medical Center of overweight police officers and other public employees confirmed that those who dieted without exercise regained almost all their old weight, while those who worked exercise into their daily routine maintained their new weight. If you have been sedentary (极少活动的) and decide to start walking one mile a day, the added exercise could burn an extra 100 calories daily. In a year’s time, assuming no increase in food intake, you could lose ten pounds. By increasing the distance of your walks gradually and making other dietary adjustments, you may lose even more weight. What was confirmed by the Boston University Medical Center’s study? （）A、Controlling one’s calorie intake is more important than doing exercise.B、Even occasional exercise can help reduce weight.C、Weight reduction is impossible without exercise.D、One could lose ten pounds in a year’s time if there’s no increase in food intake.
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考题 问答题Tomorrow is Tuesday, I’ll spend five minutes warming up on the Versa-Climber. Then I’ll do 30 minutes on a stair mill. On Wednesday a personal trainer will work me like a farm animal for an hour. Thursday is “body wedge” class, which involves another exercise contraption (device). Friday will bring a 5.5-mile run, the extra half-mile my exhausting compensation of any gastrono mical (the art or science of good eating) indulgences during the week.　　I have exercised like this—obsessively, a bit persistently—for years, but recently I began to wonder: Why am I doing this? Except for a two-year period at the end of an unhappy relationship—a period when I self-medicated with lots of Italian desserts—I have never been overweight. One of the most widely accepted, commonly repeated assumptions in our culture is that if you exercise, you will lose weight. But I exercise all the time, and since I ended that relationship and cut most of those desserts, my weight has returned to the same 163 lb. it has been most of my adult life. I still have gut fat that hangs over my belt when I sit. Why isn’t all the exercise wiping it out?　　(1)________________. Of course, some people join and never go. Still, as one major study— the Minnesota Heart Survey-found, more of us at least say we exercise regularly. The survey ran from 1980, when only 47％of respondents said they engaged in regular exercise, to 2000, when the figure had grown to 57％.　　(2) ________________. Yes, it’s entirely possible that those of us who regularly go to the gym would weigh even more if we exercised less. But like many other people, I get hungry after I exercise, so I often eat more on the days I work out than on the days I don’t. Could exercise actually be keeping me from losing weight?　　(3) ________________. Today doctors encourage even their oldest patients to exercise, which is sound advice for many reasons: People who regularly exercise are at significantly lower risk for all manner of diseases—those of the heart in particular. They less often develop cancer, diabetes and many other ill-nesses. But the past few years of obesity research show that the role of exercise in weight loss has been wildly overstated.　　(4) ________________. Many recent studies have found that exercise isn’t as important in holding people lose weight as you hear so regularly in gym advertisements or on shows like The Biggest Loser—or, for that matter, from magazines like this one.　　(5) ________________. That causes us to eat more, which in turn can cancel out the weight-loss benefits we just accrued. Exercise, in other words, isn’t necessarily helping us lose weight. It may even be making it harder.　　(本文选自Time 2009年刊)　　[A] And yet obesity figures have risen dramatically in the same period: a third of Americans are obese, and another third count as overweight by the Federal Government’s definition.　　[B] The conventional wisdom that exercise is essential for shedding pounds is actually fairly new. As recently as the 1960s, doctors routinely advised against rigorous exercise, particularly for older adults who could injure themselves.　　[C] It’s a question many of us could ask. More than 45 million Americans now belong to a health club, up from 23 million in 1993. We spend some $19 billion a year on gym memberships.　　[D] The findings were surprising. On average, the women in all the groups, even the control group, lost weight, but the women who exercised—sweating it out with a trainer several days a week for six months—did not lose significantly more weight than the control subjects did.　　[E] The basic problem is that while it’s true that exercise burns calories and that you must burn calories to lose weight, exercise has another effect: it can stimulate hunger.　　[F] “In general, for weight loss, exercise is pretty useless,” says Eric Ravussin, chair in diabetes and metabolism (any basic process of organic functioning or operating) at Louisiana State University and a prominent exercise researcher.　　[G] Yes, although the muscle-fat relationship is often misunderstood. According to calculations published in the journalObesity Researchby a Columbia University team in 2001, a pound of muscle bums approximately six calories a day in a resting body, compared with the two calories that a pound of fat burns.
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