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overt hostility()
A.concealed
B. ignorant
C. perceivable
D.latent
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更多 “ overt hostility() A.concealedB. ignorantC. perceivableD.latent ” 相关考题
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______can be judged from her eyes，she has no personal hostility to us.A. WhichB. AsC. ThatD. Whom
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Most of the violations of the maxims of the CP give rise to________.
A breakdown of conversationB confusion of one’s intentionC hostility between speakers and the listenersD conversational implicatures
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Text 2A child who has once been pleased with a tale likes, as a rule, to have it retold in identically the same words, but this should not lead parents to treat printed fairy stories as sacred texts. It is always much better to tell a story than read it out of a book, and, if a parent can produce what, in the actual circumstances of the time and the individual child, is an improvement on the printed text, so much the better.A charge made against fairy tales is that they harm the child by frightening him or arousing his sadistic impulses. To prove the latter, one would have to show in a controlled experiment that children who have read fairy stories were more often guilty of cruelty than those who had not.Aggressive, destructive, sadistic impulses every child has and, on the whole, their symbolic verbal discharge seen is to be rather a safety valve than an incitement to overt action. As to fears, there are, I think, well-authenticated cases of children being dangerously terrified by some fairy stories.Often, however, this arises from the child having heard the story once. Familiarity. with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear into the pleasure of the fear faced and mastered. There are also people who object to fairy stories on the grounds that they are not objectively true, that giants, witches, two -headed dragons, magic carpets, etc., do not exist; and that, instead of indulging his fantasies in fairy tales, the child should be taught how to adapt to reality by studying history and mechanics. I find such people, I must confess, so unsympathetic and peculiar that I do not know how to argue with them. If their case were sound, the world should be full of mad men attempting to fly from New York to Philadelphia on a broomstick or covering a telephone with kisses in the belief that it was their enchanted girl-friend.No fairy story ever claimed to be a description of the external world and no sane child has ever believed that it was.26. The author considers that a fairy story is more effective when it is ______.A) repeated without variationB) treated with reverenceC) adapted by the parentD) set in the present
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Passage 2
Americans today don′t place a very high value on intellect. Our heroes are athletes,
entertainers, and entrepreneurs, not scholars. Even our schools are where we send our children to geta practical education--not to pursue knowledge for the sake of knowledge. Symptoms of pervasiveanti-intellectualism in our schools aren′t difficult to fred.
"Schools have always been in a society where practical is more important than intellectual,"says education writer Diane Ravitch."Schools could be a counterbalance." Ravitch′s latest book,Left Back: A Century of Failed School Reforms, traces the roots of anti-intellectualism in ourschools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectualpursuits.
But they could and should be. Encouraging kids to reject the life of the mind leaves themvulnerable to exploitation and control. Without the ability to think critically, to defend their ideasand understand the ideas of others, they cannot fully participate in our democracy. Continuing alongthis path, says writer Earl Shorris, "We will become a second-rate country. We will have a less civilsociety."
"Intellect is resented as a form of power or privilege," writes historian and professor RichardHofstadter in Anti-Intellectualism in American Life, a Pulitzer-Prize winning book on the roots ofanti-intellectualism in uspolitics, religion, and education. From the beginning of our history, saysHofstadter, our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism.
Practicality, common sense, and native intelligence have been considered more noble qualities thananything you could learn from a book.
Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling andrigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children: "We are shut up in schools and collegerecitation rooms for 10 or 15 years and come out at last with a bellyful of words and do not know athing." Mark Twain′ s Huckleberry Finn exemplified American anti-intellectualism. Its hero avoidsbeing civilized--going to school and learning to read--so he can preserve his innate goodness.
Intellect, according to Hofstadter, is different from native intelligence, a quality we reluctantlyadmire. Intellect is the critical, creative, and contemplative side of the mind. Intelligence seeks tograsp, manipulate, re-order, and adjust, while intellect examines, ponders, wonders, theorizes,criticizes and imagines.
School remains a place where intellect is mistrusted. Hofstadter says our country′ s educationalsystem is in the grips of people who "joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect andtheir eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise."
What does the author think of intellect
A.It is second to intelligence.
B.It evolves from common sense.
C.It is to be pursued.
D.It underlies power.
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All around the world,lawyers generate more hostility than the members of any other profession—with the possible exception of journalism.But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America.During the decade before the economic crisis,spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as inflation.The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money,tempting ever more students to pile into law schools.But most law graduates never get a big-firm job.Many of them instead become the kind of nuisance-lawsuit filer that makes the tort system a costly nightmare.There are many reasons for this.One is the excessive costs of a legal education.There is just one path for a lawyer in most American states:a four-year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject,then a three-year law degree at one of 200 law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam.This leaves today’s average law-school graduate with$100,000 of debt on top of undergraduate debts.Law-school debt means that many cannot afford to go into government or non-profit work,and that they have to work fearsomely hard.Reforming the system would help both lawyers and their customers.Sensible ideas have been around for a long time,but the state-level bodies that govern the profession have been too conservative to implement them.One idea is to allow people to study law as an undergraduate degree.Another is to let students sit for the bar after only two years of law school.If the bar exam is truly a stern enough test for a would-be lawyer,those who can sit it earlier should be allowed to do so.Students who do not need the extra training could cut their debt mountain by a third.The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business.Except in the District of Columbia,non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm.This keeps fees high and innovation slow.There is pressure for change from within the profession,but opponents of change among the regulators insist that keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically.In fact,allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers,by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firms’efficiency.After all,other countries,such as Australia and Britain,have started liberalizing their legal professions.America should follow.
The guild-like ownership structure is considered“restrictive”partly because itA.bans outsiders’involvement in the profession.
B.keeps lawyers from holding law-firm shares.
C.aggravates the ethical situation in the trade.
D.prevents lawyers from gaining due profits.
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There was a river with a small town on either side of it.The towns were linked by a bridge.
One day,a hole appeared in the bridge.Both towns agreed that the hole should be mended.However,disagreement came up as to who should mend it.Each town thought that it had a better?reason for the other to mend the hole.The town on the right bank said that it was at the end of the road,so the left-bank town should mend the hole.The town on the left bank,on the other hand,insisted that?all the traffic came to the right-bank town,so it was in their interest to mend the bridge.
The quarrel went on and on,and so did the hole.The more it went on,the more the hostility?between the two towns grew.
One day a man fell into the hole and broke his leg.People from both towns questioned him?closely about whether he was walking from the right bank to the left or from the left bank to the?right,in order to decide which town should be blamed for the accident.But he could not remember,since he got drunk that night.
Some time later.,a car was crossing the bridge and broke an axle(轴)because of the hole.Neither town paid any attention to the accident,as the traveler was not going from one to the other,but?was merely passing through.The angry traveler got out of the car and asked why the hole was not?mended.
On hearing the reason,he declared,"I′11 buy this hole.Who′s the owner?"
Both towns at once declared that they owned the hole.
"One or the other,whoever owns the hole must prove it."
"How shall we prove it?"asked both sides.
"That′s simple.Only the owner of the hole has the right to mend it.I′11 buy the hole from?whoever mends the bridge."
People from both towns rushed to do the job while the traveler smoked a cigar and his driver?changed the axle.They mended the bridge in no time and asked for the money for the hole.
"What hole?"The traveler looked surprised."I can′t see any hole.I′ve been looking for a?hole for several years now.I′m prepared to pay a good price for it,but there′s no hole here.Are?you pulling my leg or what?"
He got into his car and drove off.
The man who had fallen into the hole failed to answer any questions because he__________。《》（）A.had one of his legs broken
B.was busy changing the axle
C.had drunk too much wine
D.was afraid to blame anybody
考题
Text3 Mention price cartels and many people will think of big,overt ones like the one OPEC runs for oil and the now-extinct one for diamonds.But at least as damaging are the many secret cartels in sucb unglamorous areas as ball-bearings and cargo rates,which go on unnoticed for years,quietly bumping up the end cost to consumers of all manner of goods and services.Collusion among producers to rig prices and carve up markets is thriving,with the cartels growing ever more intricate and global in scope.Competition authorities have uncovered several whopping conspiracies in recent years,including one in which more than 20 airlines worldwide had fixed prices on perhaps 20 billion of freight shipments.They were fined a total of 3 billion;and so far the compensation claims from ripped-off customers comfortably exceed l billion.One academic study found that the typical cartel raised the price of the goods or services in question by 20%.Another suggested that cartels were robbing poor countries'consumers of tens of billions ofdollars a year:if so,negating all the aid that rich countries'governments send them.Investigators are still unravelling a huge global network of cartels among suppliers of a wide range of car parts.Makers of seat belts,radiators and foam seat-stuffing have had hefiy fines slapped on them.Earlier this month the European Commission fined five makers of automotive bearings a total of 953m（1.32 billion）.This week its investigators raided a bunch of makers of car exhausts.Also in recent days,Brazilian prosecutors have charged executives from a dozen foreign train-makers accused ofrigging bids for rail and subway contracts in the country's main cities.Price-fixing has infected high finance,too.Some of banking's biggest names stand accused offiddling interest-rate and foreign-exchange benchmarks.The good news is that enforcement has got tougher,smarter and more coordinated.Gone are the days when price-fixers got a slap on the wrist.Firms can expect swingeing fines,and bosses can go to jail.Since many cartels now operate across borders,so do investigators:American and Japanese trustbusters joined forces to flush out the car-parts cartels.And incentives for whistleblowers have also increased:around 50 countries now offer immunity or reduced penalties for snitches.That is all for the better,but the penalties for price-fixing remain too mild.The best study of the issue so far concluded that,given the still-low risk of detection,collusion pays.Yet beyond a certain point-which the fines now imposed by American and European regulators have probably reached-fines inflict so much damage on guilty companies that they undermine competition instead of enhancing it.The answer is stiffer prison sentences,particularly for senior executives.American courts,only too ready to lock up other types of miscreants for a long time,have rarely jailed egregious price-fixers for anything like the maximum of ten years that the law allows.Other countries have even more scope to increase sentences.
According to Paragraph 2,with the thriving of the cartels____A.the compensation claims fTom inferior articles for customers have decreased by now
B.markets segment from producers is more prosperous than before
C.the fund to poor countries from rich economies would finally slow down
D.the competition among airlines have become intense
考题
Text3 Mention price cartels and many people will think of big,overt ones like the one OPEC runs for oil and the now-extinct one for diamonds.But at least as damaging are the many secret cartels in sucb unglamorous areas as ball-bearings and cargo rates,which go on unnoticed for years,quietly bumping up the end cost to consumers of all manner of goods and services.Collusion among producers to rig prices and carve up markets is thriving,with the cartels growing ever more intricate and global in scope.Competition authorities have uncovered several whopping conspiracies in recent years,including one in which more than 20 airlines worldwide had fixed prices on perhaps 20 billion of freight shipments.They were fined a total of 3 billion;and so far the compensation claims from ripped-off customers comfortably exceed l billion.One academic study found that the typical cartel raised the price of the goods or services in question by 20%.Another suggested that cartels were robbing poor countries'consumers of tens of billions ofdollars a year:if so,negating all the aid that rich countries'governments send them.Investigators are still unravelling a huge global network of cartels among suppliers of a wide range of car parts.Makers of seat belts,radiators and foam seat-stuffing have had hefiy fines slapped on them.Earlier this month the European Commission fined five makers of automotive bearings a total of 953m（1.32 billion）.This week its investigators raided a bunch of makers of car exhausts.Also in recent days,Brazilian prosecutors have charged executives from a dozen foreign train-makers accused ofrigging bids for rail and subway contracts in the country's main cities.Price-fixing has infected high finance,too.Some of banking's biggest names stand accused offiddling interest-rate and foreign-exchange benchmarks.The good news is that enforcement has got tougher,smarter and more coordinated.Gone are the days when price-fixers got a slap on the wrist.Firms can expect swingeing fines,and bosses can go to jail.Since many cartels now operate across borders,so do investigators:American and Japanese trustbusters joined forces to flush out the car-parts cartels.And incentives for whistleblowers have also increased:around 50 countries now offer immunity or reduced penalties for snitches.That is all for the better,but the penalties for price-fixing remain too mild.The best study of the issue so far concluded that,given the still-low risk of detection,collusion pays.Yet beyond a certain point-which the fines now imposed by American and European regulators have probably reached-fines inflict so much damage on guilty companies that they undermine competition instead of enhancing it.The answer is stiffer prison sentences,particularly for senior executives.American courts,only too ready to lock up other types of miscreants for a long time,have rarely jailed egregious price-fixers for anything like the maximum of ten years that the law allows.Other countries have even more scope to increase sentences.
The best title of this text may be______A.Cartels-Hopeless Struggle
B.Cartels-Move Severe Purushment
C.Cartels-Should be Motivated
D.Cartels-a Bad State
考题
Ethnic Tensions in Belgium
Belgium has given the world Audrey Hepburn Rene Magritte (surrealist artist), the saxophone(萨克斯管)and deep-fried potato chips that are somehow called French.
But the story behind this flat, twice-Beijing-size country is of a bad marriage between two nationalities living together that cannot stand each other. With no new government, more than a hundred days after a general election, rumors run wild that the country is about to disappear.
"We are two different nations, an artificial state. With nothing in common except a king, chocolate and beer." Said Filp Dewinter, the leader of the Flemish Bloc, the extreme-right Flemish party.
Radical Flemish separatists like Mr Dewinter want to divide the country horizontally along ethnic and economic lines: to the north. Flanders—where Dutch (known locally as Flemish) is spoken and money is increasingly made; to the south. French-speaking Wallonla, where today old factories dominate the landscape.
The area of present-day Belgium passed to the French in the 18th century. Following the defeat of Napoleon in 1815. Belgium was given to the kingdom of the Netherlands, from which it gained independence as a separate kingdom of the Netherlands, from which it gained independence as a separate kingdom in 1830.
Since then, it has struggled for cohesion(结合).Anyone who has spoken French in a Flemish city quickly gets a sense of the mutual hostility that is part of daily life there.
But there are reasons Belgium is likely to stay together, at least in the short term.
The economies of the two regions are tightly linked, and separation would be a financial nightmare.
But there is also deep resentment in Flanders that its much healthier economy must subsidize(补贴)the south, where unemployment is double that of the north. French speakers in the south, meanwhile, favor the states quo(现状).
Belgium has made it through previous threats of division. Although some political analysts believe this one is different, there is no panic just now.
"We must not worry too much." said Baudouln Bruggeman, a 55-year-old school-teacher." Belgium has survived on compromise since 1930. You have to remember that this is Magritte's country, the country of surrealism. Anything can happen."
文章(21~25)
Who was Magritte?A.A French novelist
B.A saxophonist
C.A separatist
D.A surrealist artist
考题
Language and thought may be viewed as two independent circles overlapping in some parts. When language and thought are identical or closely parallel to each other， we may regard thought as “subvocal speech，” and speech as “（）”.A、vocal thoughtB、subvocal thoughtC、covert thoughtD、overt thought
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单选题The author’s attitude towards “Diasporas” is that _____.A
There is increasing hostility towards immigrants in rich countries.B
Immigrant networks are a rare bright spark in the world economy and rich countries should welcome them.C
The Diasporas should return to their homelands so that poor countries will not suffer as a result of “brain drain”.D
Hard-working immigrants will depress the wages of the locals although they may greatly increase productivity.
考题
单选题______can be judged from her eyes, she has no personal hostility to us.A
ItB
AsC
WhichD
That
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问答题In its more extreme forms persecution mania is a recognizedform of insanity. Some people imagine that others wish to killthem, or imprison them, or to do them some other grave injury. Often the wish to protect themselves from imaginary persecutors (1)____leads them into acts of violence which make it necessary to restraintheir liberty. This, like many other forms of insanity, isonly an exaggeration of tendency not at all uncommon among (2)____people who count as normal. I do not propose to discussthe extreme forms, that are a matter for a psychiatrist. (3)____It is the milder forms that I wish to consider, since they (4)____are a very frequent cause of unhappiness, and because, not havinggone much far as to produce definite insanity, they (5)____are still capable of being dealt by the patient himself, (6)____provided he can be induced to diagnose his troubleright and to see that its origin lies within himself but (7)____not in the supposed hostility and unkindness of others. (8)____ We are all familiar with the type of person, man or woman,who, according to his own account, is perpetually the victimof ingratitude, unkindness, and treachery. People of such kind (9)____are often extraordinarily plausible, and secure warm sympathyfrom those who have not known them long. Thereis, as a rule, nothing inherently improbable about every separate (10)____story that they relate.
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单选题According to the passage, women are changing literary criticism by ______.A
noting instances of hostility between men and womenB
seeing the literature from fresh points of viewC
studying the works of early 20th-century writersD
reviewing books written by feministsE
resisting masculine influence
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