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The prospects of a cure for lung cancer are, at present, remote, and it is impossible to estimate when, if ever, someone will find one.
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更多 “问答题The prospects of a cure for lung cancer are, at present, remote, and it is impossible to estimate when, if ever, someone will find one.” 相关考题
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The doctor told him smoking too much would ___________ his health and even cause lung cancer.
A.affectB.effectC.affirmD.effort
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Scientists didn’t know much about lung cancer _____.
A、before longB、until recentlyC、long beforeD、in the past few years
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The experiment ______ the discovery of a cure for cancer.A. happened toB. led upC. resulted inD. set up
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第一篇Cooking Oil Fumes Cause TumorThe leading cause of lung cancer among women in the city was cooking oil fumes while men are more likely to develop the disease from smoking,said medical experts after a five-year research study.Doctors announced the results yesterday with analysis on some new tendencies on lung cancer. They said patients are younger,especially women.According to the Shanghai Tumor Research Institute,more local residents die of lung cancer in the city than anything else.Following breast cancer,it has the second-highest incidence rate."An unhealthy lifestyle is a very important reason for lung cancer,"said Dr. He Yumin from Shanghai Minshen Traditional Medicine Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Centre.He followed 2, 276 lung cancer patients for five years.Among them,1,483 were male.Smoking causes 70 percent of cases among men while only 18 percent of female patients developed cancer from smoking or inhaling second-hand smoke,according to the report.However,more than 60 percent of women with the disease had long term,close contact with strong oil fumes from cooking and complained about irritated eyes and throat.About 32 percent women fried foods in boiling oil in unventilated kitchens and about 25 percent of women's bedrooms were adjacent to the kitchen.However,local women were surprised to learn cooking oil fumc、 could lead to cancer. Some claimed they may change food preparation methods."Unless my family and I don't eat at home every day,I must stay in the kitchen to cook,"said Xu Li,a 45-year-old local woman."I know the fumes are bad for the skin,but it is the first time that I heard it result in lung cancer. I have already started frying less."Doctors said women's lung cancer had few links to personal health and physical condition, but was closely related to family cancer history,unhealthy dietary habits and weak immune systems.Other experts agreed with him."Smoking is by far the biggest cause of lung cancer for men,"said Dr. Tan Binyong,honorary president of the Respiratory Disease Institute at Fudan University's Medical College."It's true that second-hand smoke and cooking fumes are the main causes among women."His research also warned people not to stand near of stalls selling fried food due to the poor quality of the oils used.The chance of catching lung cancer is three times higher if one is exposed to the fume for a long time, experts said.What was the local women's reaction when they learned that cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer?A:Happy.B:Surprised.C:Angry.D:Careless.
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Lung Cancer1 The death rate due to cancer of the lungs has increased more than 800 percent in males and has more than doubled in females during the last 25 years.It is considerably higher in urban and industrial areas than in rural districts.There are many possible causes,but it is still controversial which are most blameworthy.Those factors which have been mentioned most frequently are the presence of foreign particles and other irritants in the air(smoke particles,smog,exhaust fumes),and the smoking of cigarettes and cigars.2 Numerous studies have demonstrated a striking correlation between the death rate from lung cancer and smoking habits.Among heavy smokers-21 to 30 cigarettes per day-the mortality rate from lung cancer is nearly 17 times the rate from nonsmokers.It is expected the death rate among women will increase as the present high rate of smoking among women has its effect.3 Sometimes cases of lung cancer are discovered at the time an X-ray is taken for the purpose of detecting tuberculosis.Too often,however,a current emphasis upon the danger of exposure to radiation from x-ray machines can frighten people away from routine chest X-rays and thus prevent an early diagnosis of lung cancer.Early detection is absolutely essential if any possibility of cure is to be maintained.Modern X-ray machines in competent hands pose such slight danger,at least to those over 40 years of age,that this would be much more than offset by the advantages of discovering a tumor while it is small enough to be completely removed.4 A common form of lung cancer is bronchogenic carcinoma,so-called because the malignancy originates in a bronchus.The tumor may grow until the bronchus is blocked,cutting off the supply of air to that lung.The lung then collapses,and the secretions trapped in the lung spaces become infected,with a resulting pneumonia or the formation of a lung abscess.Such a lung cancer can also spread to cause secondary growths in the lymph nodes of the chest and neck as well as in the brain and other parts of the body.The only treatment that offers a possibility of cure,before secondary growths have had time to form,is to remove the lung completely.This operation is called pneumonectomy.5 Malignant tumors of the stomach,the breast,the prostate gland and other organs may spread to the lungs,causing secondary growths.People are still not sure______.A:before the cancer cells spread elsewhereB:the more chances of dying of X-ray radiation he will haveC:what is most responsible for lung cancerD:as some people imagineE:the more chances of getting lung cancer he will haveF:which form of lung cancer is a common one
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Cooking Oil Fumes Cause TumorThe leading cause of lung cancer among women in the city was cooking oil fumes while men are more likely to develop the disease from smoking,said medical experts after a five-year research study.Doctors announced the results yesterday with analysis on some new tendencies in lung cancer. They said patients are younger,especially women.According to the Shanghai Tumor research Institute,more local residents die of lung cancer in the city than anything else.Following breast cancer,it has the second-highest incidence rate.“An unhealthy lifestyle is a very important reason for lung cancer,”said Dr He Yumin from Shanghai Minshen Traditional Chinese Medicine Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Center.He followed 2,276 lung cancer patients for five years.Among them,1,483 were male.Smoking causes 70 percent of cases among men while only 18 percent of female patients developed cancer from smoking or inhaling second-hand smoke,according to the report.However,more than 60 percent of women with the disease had long term,close contact with strong oil fumes from cooking and complained about irritated eyes and throat.About 32 percent of women fried foods in boiling oil in unventilated kitchens and about 25 percent of women's bedrooms were adjacent to the kitchen.However,local women were surprised to learn cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer.Some claimed they may change food preparation methods.“Unless my family and I don't eat at home every day,I must stay in the kitchen to cook,”said Xu Li,a 45-year-old local woman. “I know the fumes are bad for the skin,but it is the first time I heard that it can result in lung cancer. I have already started frying less.”Doctors said women's lung cancer had few links to personal health and physical condition,but was closely related to family cancer history,unhealthy dietary habits and weak immune systems.Other experts agreed with him.“Smoking is by far the biggest cause of lung cancer for men,”said Dr Tan Binyong, honorary president of the Respiratory Disease Institute at Fudan University's Medical College.“It's true that second-hand smoke and cooking fumes are the main causes among women.”His research also warned people not to stand near of stalls selling fried foods due to the poor quality of oils used.The chance of catching lung cancer is three times higher if exposed to the fume for a long time,6 experts said.What symptoms may be complained of by most women with lung cancer after long term close contact with cooking oil fumes? A:Irritated eyes and throat.B: Severe pain in both lungs.C: Continuous cough and headache.D: Difficulty in breathing.
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Cooking Oil Fumes Cause TumorThe leading cause of lung cancer among women in the city was cooking oil fumes while men are more likely to develop the disease from smoking,said medical experts after a five-year research study.Doctors announced the results yesterday with analysis on some new tendencies in lung cancer. They said patients are younger,especially women.According to the Shanghai Tumor research Institute,more local residents die of lung cancer in the city than anything else.Following breast cancer,it has the second-highest incidence rate.“An unhealthy lifestyle is a very important reason for lung cancer,”said Dr He Yumin from Shanghai Minshen Traditional Chinese Medicine Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Center.He followed 2,276 lung cancer patients for five years.Among them,1,483 were male.Smoking causes 70 percent of cases among men while only 18 percent of female patients developed cancer from smoking or inhaling second-hand smoke,according to the report.However,more than 60 percent of women with the disease had long term,close contact with strong oil fumes from cooking and complained about irritated eyes and throat.About 32 percent of women fried foods in boiling oil in unventilated kitchens and about 25 percent of women's bedrooms were adjacent to the kitchen.However,local women were surprised to learn cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer.Some claimed they may change food preparation methods.“Unless my family and I don't eat at home every day,I must stay in the kitchen to cook,”said Xu Li,a 45-year-old local woman. “I know the fumes are bad for the skin,but it is the first time I heard that it can result in lung cancer. I have already started frying less.”Doctors said women's lung cancer had few links to personal health and physical condition,but was closely related to family cancer history,unhealthy dietary habits and weak immune systems.Other experts agreed with him.“Smoking is by far the biggest cause of lung cancer for men,”said Dr Tan Binyong, honorary president of the Respiratory Disease Institute at Fudan University's Medical College.“It's true that second-hand smoke and cooking fumes are the main causes among women.”His research also warned people not to stand near of stalls selling fried foods due to the poor quality of oils used.The chance of catching lung cancer is three times higher if exposed to the fume for a long time,6 experts said.Which of the following has relatively little connection with women's lung cancer?A: Family cancer history.B: Unhealthy dietary habits.C: Weak immune systems.D: Personal health and physical condition.
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Lung Cancer1 The death rate due to cancer of the lungs has increased more than 800 percent in males and has more than doubled in females during the last 25 years.It is considerably higher in urban and industrial areas than in rural districts.There are many possible causes,but it is still controversial which are most blameworthy.Those factors which have been mentioned most frequently are the presence of foreign particles and other irritants in the air(smoke particles,smog,exhaust fumes),and the smoking of cigarettes and cigars.2 Numerous studies have demonstrated a striking correlation between the death rate from lung cancer and smoking habits.Among heavy smokers-21 to 30 cigarettes per day-the mortality rate from lung cancer is nearly 17 times the rate from nonsmokers.It is expected the death rate among women will increase as the present high rate of smoking among women has its effect.3 Sometimes cases of lung cancer are discovered at the time an X-ray is taken for the purpose of detecting tuberculosis.Too often,however,a current emphasis upon the danger of exposure to radiation from x-ray machines can frighten people away from routine chest X-rays and thus prevent an early diagnosis of lung cancer.Early detection is absolutely essential if any possibility of cure is to be maintained.Modern X-ray machines in competent hands pose such slight danger,at least to those over 40 years of age,that this would be much more than offset by the advantages of discovering a tumor while it is small enough to be completely removed.4 A common form of lung cancer is bronchogenic carcinoma,so-called because the malignancy originates in a bronchus.The tumor may grow until the bronchus is blocked,cutting off the supply of air to that lung.The lung then collapses,and the secretions trapped in the lung spaces become infected,with a resulting pneumonia or the formation of a lung abscess.Such a lung cancer can also spread to cause secondary growths in the lymph nodes of the chest and neck as well as in the brain and other parts of the body.The only treatment that offers a possibility of cure,before secondary growths have had time to form,is to remove the lung completely.This operation is called pneumonectomy.5 Malignant tumors of the stomach,the breast,the prostate gland and other organs may spread to the lungs,causing secondary growths.Paragraph 3______A:Common Secondary Lung CancersB:The Advantages Brought About by Routine Chest CheckupC:Relationship Between Mortality Rate From Lung Cancer and Smoking HabitsD:Operable and Inoperable Lung CancersE:The Increasing Death Rate From Lung Cancer and Possible Causes F:An Ordinary Type of Lung Cancer
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Lung Cancer1 The death rate due to cancer of the lungs has increased more than 800 percent in males and has more than doubled in females during the last 25 years.It is considerably higher in urban and industrial areas than in rural districts.There are many possible causes,but it is still controversial which are most blameworthy.Those factors which have been mentioned most frequently are the presence of foreign particles and other irritants in the air(smoke particles,smog,exhaust fumes),and the smoking of cigarettes and cigars.2 Numerous studies have demonstrated a striking correlation between the death rate from lung cancer and smoking habits.Among heavy smokers-21 to 30 cigarettes per day-the mortality rate from lung cancer is nearly 17 times the rate from nonsmokers.It is expected the death rate among women will increase as the present high rate of smoking among women has its effect.3 Sometimes cases of lung cancer are discovered at the time an X-ray is taken for the purpose of detecting tuberculosis.Too often,however,a current emphasis upon the danger of exposure to radiation from x-ray machines can frighten people away from routine chest X-rays and thus prevent an early diagnosis of lung cancer.Early detection is absolutely essential if any possibility of cure is to be maintained.Modern X-ray machines in competent hands pose such slight danger,at least to those over 40 years of age,that this would be much more than offset by the advantages of discovering a tumor while it is small enough to be completely removed.4 A common form of lung cancer is bronchogenic carcinoma,so-called because the malignancy originates in a bronchus.The tumor may grow until the bronchus is blocked,cutting off the supply of air to that lung.The lung then collapses,and the secretions trapped in the lung spaces become infected,with a resulting pneumonia or the formation of a lung abscess.Such a lung cancer can also spread to cause secondary growths in the lymph nodes of the chest and neck as well as in the brain and other parts of the body.The only treatment that offers a possibility of cure,before secondary growths have had time to form,is to remove the lung completely.This operation is called pneumonectomy.5 Malignant tumors of the stomach,the breast,the prostate gland and other organs may spread to the lungs,causing secondary growths.Routine X-ray chest examination is not so dangerous______.A:before the cancer cells spread elsewhereB:the more chances of dying of X-ray radiation he will haveC:what is most responsible for lung cancerD:as some people imagineE:the more chances of getting lung cancer he will haveF:which form of lung cancer is a common one
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Promising Resnlts from Cancer StudyA new experimental vaccine（疫苗）has shown promising results in the fight against lung cancer.In a small Texas-based study,a vaccine developed by scientists at Baylor University Medical Centre in Dallas,USA,cured lung cancer in some patients and slowed the progress of the disease in others.Researchers have reported encouraging findings from this small study.Forty一three patients suffering from lung cancer were involved in these trials.Ten of these patients were in the early stages and thirty-three in tho advanced stages of the disease.They were injected with the vaccine every two weeks for three months,and were carefully monitored for three years.In three of the patients in the advanced stages of cancer,the disease disappeared and in the others,it did not spread for five to twenty-four months.However,no great difference was seen in the patients in the early stages of the illness.This new vaccine uses the patient's own immune system.It is made specifically for each patient and is injected into the arm or leg.It stimulates（刺激）the body's immune system, which then recognizes that the cancer cells are harmful,and attacks and destroys them.The vaccine could be effective against other forms of cancer.It offers great hope for the treatment of cancer in general,although further studies are needed before such treatment can be widely used.Over forty people participated in the study.A:RightB:WrongC:Not mentioned
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Lung Cancer1 The death rate due to cancer of the lungs has increased more than 800 percent in males and has more than doubled in females during the last 25 years.It is considerably higher in urban and industrial areas than in rural districts.There are many possible causes,but it is still controversial which are most blameworthy.Those factors which have been mentioned most frequently are the presence of foreign particles and other irritants in the air(smoke particles,smog,exhaust fumes),and the smoking of cigarettes and cigars.2 Numerous studies have demonstrated a striking correlation between the death rate from lung cancer and smoking habits.Among heavy smokers-21 to 30 cigarettes per day-the mortality rate from lung cancer is nearly 17 times the rate from nonsmokers.It is expected the death rate among women will increase as the present high rate of smoking among women has its effect.3 Sometimes cases of lung cancer are discovered at the time an X-ray is taken for the purpose of detecting tuberculosis.Too often,however,a current emphasis upon the danger of exposure to radiation from x-ray machines can frighten people away from routine chest X-rays and thus prevent an early diagnosis of lung cancer.Early detection is absolutely essential if any possibility of cure is to be maintained.Modern X-ray machines in competent hands pose such slight danger,at least to those over 40 years of age,that this would be much more than offset by the advantages of discovering a tumor while it is small enough to be completely removed.4 A common form of lung cancer is bronchogenic carcinoma,so-called because the malignancy originates in a bronchus.The tumor may grow until the bronchus is blocked,cutting off the supply of air to that lung.The lung then collapses,and the secretions trapped in the lung spaces become infected,with a resulting pneumonia or the formation of a lung abscess.Such a lung cancer can also spread to cause secondary growths in the lymph nodes of the chest and neck as well as in the brain and other parts of the body.The only treatment that offers a possibility of cure,before secondary growths have had time to form,is to remove the lung completely.This operation is called pneumonectomy.5 Malignant tumors of the stomach,the breast,the prostate gland and other organs may spread to the lungs,causing secondary growths.A primary lung cancer patient may be cured by removing the lung completely______.A:before the cancer cells spread elsewhereB:the more chances of dying of X-ray radiation he will haveC:what is most responsible for lung cancerD:as some people imagineE:the more chances of getting lung cancer he will haveF:which form of lung cancer is a common one
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Cooking Oil Fumes Cause TumorThe leading cause of lung cancer among women in the city was cooking oil fumes while men are more likely to develop the disease from smoking,said medical experts after a five-year research study.Doctors announced the results yesterday with analysis on some new tendencies in lung cancer. They said patients are younger,especially women.According to the Shanghai Tumor research Institute,more local residents die of lung cancer in the city than anything else.Following breast cancer,it has the second-highest incidence rate.“An unhealthy lifestyle is a very important reason for lung cancer,”said Dr He Yumin from Shanghai Minshen Traditional Chinese Medicine Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Center.He followed 2,276 lung cancer patients for five years.Among them,1,483 were male.Smoking causes 70 percent of cases among men while only 18 percent of female patients developed cancer from smoking or inhaling second-hand smoke,according to the report.However,more than 60 percent of women with the disease had long term,close contact with strong oil fumes from cooking and complained about irritated eyes and throat.About 32 percent of women fried foods in boiling oil in unventilated kitchens and about 25 percent of women's bedrooms were adjacent to the kitchen.However,local women were surprised to learn cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer.Some claimed they may change food preparation methods.“Unless my family and I don't eat at home every day,I must stay in the kitchen to cook,”said Xu Li,a 45-year-old local woman. “I know the fumes are bad for the skin,but it is the first time I heard that it can result in lung cancer. I have already started frying less.”Doctors said women's lung cancer had few links to personal health and physical condition,but was closely related to family cancer history,unhealthy dietary habits and weak immune systems.Other experts agreed with him.“Smoking is by far the biggest cause of lung cancer for men,”said Dr Tan Binyong, honorary president of the Respiratory Disease Institute at Fudan University's Medical College.“It's true that second-hand smoke and cooking fumes are the main causes among women.”His research also warned people not to stand near of stalls selling fried foods due to the poor quality of oils used.The chance of catching lung cancer is three times higher if exposed to the fume for a long time,6 experts said.What a new tendency in lung cancer is concluded by the researchers?A: Men are more likely to develop lung cancer than women.B: Women are more likely to develop lung cancer than men.C: Patients with lung cancer become older,especially males.D: Patients with lung cancer become younger,especially females.
考题
It is reported that some scientists in the United States have found a new __________for cancer.A.way
B.answer
C.approach
D.cure
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Cigars Instead?Smoking one or two cigars a day doubles the risk of cancers of the lip,tongue,mouth,and throat,according to a government study.Daily cigars also increase the risk of lung cancer and cancer of the esophagus,and increase the risk of cancer of the larynx(voice box)sixfold,say researchers at the National Cancer Institu- te in Bethesda,Maryland. In addition,the report revealed that smoking three or four cigars a day increased the risk of oral cancer to 8.5 times the risk for nonsmokers and the risk of esophageal cancer by four times the risk of nonsmokers.The health effects of smoking cigars is one of eight sections of the article"Cigars:HealthEffects and Trends".The researchers report that,compared with a cigarette,a large cigar emits up to 90 times as much carcinogenic tobacco-specific nitrosamines."This article provides clear and invaluable information about the disturbing increase in cigar use and the significant public health consequences for the country,"said Dr. Richard Klausner, director of the National Cancer Institute,in a statement."The data are clear-the harmful substances and carcinogens in cigar smoke,like cigarettes,are associated with the increased risks of several kinds of cancers as well as heart and lung diseases,"he added."In other words,cigars are not safe alternatives to cigarettes and may be addictive.""To those individuals who may be thinking about smoking cigars,our advice is-don't. To those currently smoking cigars,quitting is the only way to eliminate completely the cancer,heart and lung disease risks,"warned Klausner.According to a National Cancer Institute press release,there haven't been any studies on the health effects on nonsmokers at cigar social events,but“... a significant body of evidence clearly demonstrates an increased lung cancer risk from secondhand smoke." What is the doctors' advice to those cigar-smokers?A: To give it up completely.B: To give up part of it.C: Not to think about it any more.D: To cure the diseases first.
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Cigars Instead?Smoking one or two cigars a day doubles the risk of cancers of the lip,tongue,mouth,and throat,according to a government study.Daily cigars also increase the risk of lung cancer and cancer of the esophagus,and increase the risk of cancer of the larynx(voice box)sixfold,say researchers at the National Cancer Institu- te in Bethesda,Maryland. In addition,the report revealed that smoking three or four cigars a day increased the risk of oral cancer to 8.5 times the risk for nonsmokers and the risk of esophageal cancer by four times the risk of nonsmokers.The health effects of smoking cigars is one of eight sections of the article"Cigars:HealthEffects and Trends".The researchers report that,compared with a cigarette,a large cigar emits up to 90 times as much carcinogenic tobacco-specific nitrosamines."This article provides clear and invaluable information about the disturbing increase in cigar use and the significant public health consequences for the country,"said Dr. Richard Klausner, director of the National Cancer Institute,in a statement."The data are clear-the harmful substances and carcinogens in cigar smoke,like cigarettes,are associated with the increased risks of several kinds of cancers as well as heart and lung diseases,"he added."In other words,cigars are not safe alternatives to cigarettes and may be addictive.""To those individuals who may be thinking about smoking cigars,our advice is-don't. To those currently smoking cigars,quitting is the only way to eliminate completely the cancer,heart and lung disease risks,"warned Klausner.According to a National Cancer Institute press release,there haven't been any studies on the health effects on nonsmokers at cigar social events,but“... a significant body of evidence clearly demonstrates an increased lung cancer risk from secondhand smoke." According to the report,smoking three or four cigars a day______.A: increases the risk of oral cancer for non-smokersB: greatly increases the risk of oral cancer for smokersC: increases the risk of more than one cancer for non-smokers.D: greatly increases the risk of more than one cancer for smokers
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第二篇CT Scans and Lung CancerSmall or slow-growing nodules（小结节）discovered on a lung scan are unlikely to develop into tumors over the next two years,researchers reported on Wednesday.The findings,reported in the New England Journal of Medicine,could help doctors decide when to do more aggressive testing for lung cancer. They could also help patients avoid unnecessarily aggressive andpotentially harmful testing when lesions（损伤）are found.Lung cancer,the biggest cancer killer in the United States and globally,is often not diagnosed until it has spread. It kills 159,000 people a year in the United States alone.The work is part of a larger effort to develop guidelines to help doctors decide what to do when such growths,often discovered by accident,appear in a scan.High-tech（高技术的）X-rays called CT scans can detect tumors一but they see all sorts of other blobs （模糊的一团）that are not tumors , and often the only way to tell the difference is to take a biopsy（活检）, a dangerous procedure.At the moment,routine lung cancer screening is considered impractical because of its high cost and because too many healthy people are called back for further testing.Good guidelines could help make lung cancer screening practical,Dr. Rob van Kiaveren of the Erasmus Medical Center in Rotterdam,the Netherlands,who led the new study,said in a telephone interview.The team looked at 7,557 people at high risk for lung cancer because they were current or former smokers. All received multidetector（多层螺旋）CT scans that measured the size of any suspicious-looking nodules.Volunteers who had nodules over 9.7 mm in width,or had growth of 4. 6 mm that grew fast enough to more than double in volume every 400 days,were sent for further testing. Of the 196 people who fell into that category, 70 were found to have lung cancer;10 additional cases were found years later.But of the 7 ,361 who tested negative during screening,only 20 lung cancer cases later developed.In a second round of screening done one year after the first,1.8 percent were sent to the doctor because they had a nodule that was large or fast-growing. More than half turned out to have lung cancer.The result means that if the screening test says you don't have lung cancer,you probably don't,the re- searchers said."The chances of finding lung cancer one or two years after a negative first-round test were 1 in 1,000 and 3 in 1,000 respectively,"they concluded.The new study indicates that in case of small or slow-growing lung nodules__________.A:you cannot be too careful B:cancer is just a matter of timeC:a biopsy is unnecessaryD:more aggressive testing is a must
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第二篇CT Scans and Lung CancerSmall or slow-growing nodules（小结节）discovered on a lung scan are unlikely to develop into tumors over the next two years,researchers reported on Wednesday.The findings,reported in the New England Journal of Medicine,could help doctors decide when to do more aggressive testing for lung cancer. They could also help patients avoid unnecessarily aggressive andpotentially harmful testing when lesions（损伤）are found.Lung cancer,the biggest cancer killer in the United States and globally,is often not diagnosed until it has spread. It kills 159,000 people a year in the United States alone.The work is part of a larger effort to develop guidelines to help doctors decide what to do when such growths,often discovered by accident,appear in a scan.High-tech（高技术的）X-rays called CT scans can detect tumors一but they see all sorts of other blobs （模糊的一团）that are not tumors , and often the only way to tell the difference is to take a biopsy（活检）, a dangerous procedure.At the moment,routine lung cancer screening is considered impractical because of its high cost and because too many healthy people are called back for further testing.Good guidelines could help make lung cancer screening practical,Dr. Rob van Kiaveren of the Erasmus Medical Center in Rotterdam,the Netherlands,who led the new study,said in a telephone interview.The team looked at 7,557 people at high risk for lung cancer because they were current or former smokers. All received multidetector（多层螺旋）CT scans that measured the size of any suspicious-looking nodules.Volunteers who had nodules over 9.7 mm in width,or had growth of 4. 6 mm that grew fast enough to more than double in volume every 400 days,were sent for further testing. Of the 196 people who fell into that category, 70 were found to have lung cancer;10 additional cases were found years later.But of the 7 ,361 who tested negative during screening,only 20 lung cancer cases later developed.In a second round of screening done one year after the first,1.8 percent were sent to the doctor because they had a nodule that was large or fast-growing. More than half turned out to have lung cancer.The result means that if the screening test says you don't have lung cancer,you probably don't,the re- searchers said."The chances of finding lung cancer one or two years after a negative first-round test were 1 in 1,000 and 3 in 1,000 respectively,"they concluded.All the following statements are true EXCEPT__________.A:a relatively small number of the volunteers had large or fast-growing nodulesB:almost all those with large or fast-growing nodules were found to have lung cancerC:all the volunteers were at high risk for lung cancerD:most of the volunteers tested negative during screening
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第二篇CT Scans and Lung CancerSmall or slow-growing nodules（小结节）discovered on a lung scan are unlikely to develop into tumors over the next two years,researchers reported on Wednesday.The findings,reported in the New England Journal of Medicine,could help doctors decide when to do more aggressive testing for lung cancer. They could also help patients avoid unnecessarily aggressive andpotentially harmful testing when lesions（损伤）are found.Lung cancer,the biggest cancer killer in the United States and globally,is often not diagnosed until it has spread. It kills 159,000 people a year in the United States alone.The work is part of a larger effort to develop guidelines to help doctors decide what to do when such growths,often discovered by accident,appear in a scan.High-tech（高技术的）X-rays called CT scans can detect tumors一but they see all sorts of other blobs （模糊的一团）that are not tumors , and often the only way to tell the difference is to take a biopsy（活检）, a dangerous procedure.At the moment,routine lung cancer screening is considered impractical because of its high cost and because too many healthy people are called back for further testing.Good guidelines could help make lung cancer screening practical,Dr. Rob van Kiaveren of the Erasmus Medical Center in Rotterdam,the Netherlands,who led the new study,said in a telephone interview.The team looked at 7,557 people at high risk for lung cancer because they were current or former smokers. All received multidetector（多层螺旋）CT scans that measured the size of any suspicious-looking nodules.Volunteers who had nodules over 9.7 mm in width,or had growth of 4. 6 mm that grew fast enough to more than double in volume every 400 days,were sent for further testing. Of the 196 people who fell into that category, 70 were found to have lung cancer;10 additional cases were found years later.But of the 7 ,361 who tested negative during screening,only 20 lung cancer cases later developed.In a second round of screening done one year after the first,1.8 percent were sent to the doctor because they had a nodule that was large or fast-growing. More than half turned out to have lung cancer.The result means that if the screening test says you don't have lung cancer,you probably don't,the re- searchers said."The chances of finding lung cancer one or two years after a negative first-round test were 1 in 1,000 and 3 in 1,000 respectively,"they concluded.Which is probably NOT true of lung cancer?A:Smokers are usually considered to be at high risk for it.B:It is the leading cause of cancer deaths around the world.C:159,000 new cases of it are diagnosed in the U.S.each year.D:It often goes unnoticed until it has spread.
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第二篇CT Scans and Lung CancerSmall or slow-growing nodules（小结节）discovered on a lung scan are unlikely to develop into tumors over the next two years,researchers reported on Wednesday.The findings,reported in the New England Journal of Medicine,could help doctors decide when to do more aggressive testing for lung cancer. They could also help patients avoid unnecessarily aggressive andpotentially harmful testing when lesions（损伤）are found.Lung cancer,the biggest cancer killer in the United States and globally,is often not diagnosed until it has spread. It kills 159,000 people a year in the United States alone.The work is part of a larger effort to develop guidelines to help doctors decide what to do when such growths,often discovered by accident,appear in a scan.High-tech（高技术的）X-rays called CT scans can detect tumors一but they see all sorts of other blobs （模糊的一团）that are not tumors , and often the only way to tell the difference is to take a biopsy（活检）, a dangerous procedure.At the moment,routine lung cancer screening is considered impractical because of its high cost and because too many healthy people are called back for further testing.Good guidelines could help make lung cancer screening practical,Dr. Rob van Kiaveren of the Erasmus Medical Center in Rotterdam,the Netherlands,who led the new study,said in a telephone interview.The team looked at 7,557 people at high risk for lung cancer because they were current or former smokers. All received multidetector（多层螺旋）CT scans that measured the size of any suspicious-looking nodules.Volunteers who had nodules over 9.7 mm in width,or had growth of 4. 6 mm that grew fast enough to more than double in volume every 400 days,were sent for further testing. Of the 196 people who fell into that category, 70 were found to have lung cancer;10 additional cases were found years later.But of the 7 ,361 who tested negative during screening,only 20 lung cancer cases later developed.In a second round of screening done one year after the first,1.8 percent were sent to the doctor because they had a nodule that was large or fast-growing. More than half turned out to have lung cancer.The result means that if the screening test says you don't have lung cancer,you probably don't,the re- searchers said."The chances of finding lung cancer one or two years after a negative first-round test were 1 in 1,000 and 3 in 1,000 respectively,"they concluded.In the eyes of the researchers,the percentages given in the last paragraph__________.A:are somewhat inaccurateB:are pretty smallC:are rather highD:are quite unbelievable
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Lung CancerThe death rate due to cancer of the lungs has increased more than 800 percent in males and has more than doubled in females during the last 25 years.It is considerably higher in urban and industrial areas than in rural districts._________(46)Those factors which have been mentioned most frequently are the presence of foreign particles and other irritants in the air(smoke particles, smog,exhaust fumes),and the smoking of cigarettes and cigars._________(47)Among heavy smokers—21 to 30 cigarettes per day—the mortality rate from lung cancer is nearly 17 times the rate from nonsmokers.It is expected the death rate among women will increase as the present high rate of smoking among women has its effect.Sometimes cases of lung cancer are discovered at the time an X-ray is taken for the purpose of detecting tuberculosis._________(48)Early detection is absolutely essential if any possibility of cure is to be maintained.Modern X-ray machines in competent hands pose such slight danger, at least to those over 40 years of age,that this would be much more than offset by the advantages of discovering a tumor while it is small enough to be completely removed._________(49)The tumor may grow until the bronchus is blocked,cutting off the supply of air to that lung.The lung then collapses,and the secretions trapped in the lung spaces become in-fected,with a resulting pneumonia or the formation of a lung abscess._________(50)The only treatment that offers a possibility of cure,before secondary growths have had time to form,is to re-move the lung completely.This operation is called pneumonectomy.Malignant tumors of the stomach,the breast,the prostate gland and other organs may spread to the lungs,causing secondary growths._________(46)A: A common form of lung cancer is bronchogenic carcinoma,so-called because the malig-nancy originates in a bronchus.B: Lung cancer,also known as carcinoma of the lung or pulmonary carcinoma,is a malignant lung tumor characterized by uncontrolled cell growth in tissues of the lung.C: Too often,however,a current emphasis upon the danger of exposure to radiation from X-ray machines can frighten people away from routine chest X-rays and thus prevent an ear-ly diagnosis of lung cancer.D: Numerous studies have demonstrated a striking correlation between the death rate from lung cancer and smoking habits.E: Such a lung cancer can also spread to cause secondary growths in the lymph nodes of the chest and neck as well as in the brain and other parts of the body.F:.There are many possible causes,but it is still controversial which are most blameworthy.
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Lung Cancer1 The death rate due to cancer of the lungs has increased more than 800 percent in males and has more than doubled in females during the last 25 years.It is considerably higher in urban and industrial areas than in rural districts.There are many possible causes,but it is still controversial which are most blamewor-thy.Those factors which have been mentioned most frequently are the presence of foreign particles and other irritants in the air(smoke particles,smog,exhaust fumes),and the smoking of cigarettes and cigars.2 Numerous studies have demonstrated a striking correlation between the death rate from lung cancer and smoking habits.Among heavy smokers-21 to 30 cigarettes per day-the mortality rate from lung cancer is nearly 17 times the rate from nonsmokers.It is expected that the death rate among women will increase as the present high rate of smoking among women has its effect.3 Sometimes cases of lung cancer are discovered at the time when an X-ray is taken for the purpose of detecting tuberculosis.Too often,however,a current emphasis upon the danger of exposure to radiation from X-ray machines can frighten people away from routine chest X-rays and thus prevent an early diagnosis of lung cancer.Early detection is absolutely essential if any possibility of cure is to be maintained.Modern X-ray machines in competent hands pose such slight danger,at least to those over 40 years of age,that this would be much more than offset by the advantages of discovering a tumor while it is small enough to be com-pletely removed.4 A common form of lung cancer is bronchogenic carcinoma,so-called because the malignancy originates in a bronchus.The tumor may grow until the bronchus is blocked,cutting off the supply of air to that lung.The lung then collapses,and the secretions trapped in the lung spaces become infected,with a re-sulting pneumonia or the formation of a lung abscess.Such a lung cancer can also spread to cause secondary growths in the lymph nodes of the chest and neck as well as in the brain and other parts of the body.The on-ly treatment that offers a possibility of cure,before secondary growths have time to form,is to remove the lung completely.This operation is called pneumonectomy.5 Malignant tumors of the stomach,the breast,the prostate gland and other organs may spread to the lungs,causing secondary growths.Paragraph2______ A:Common Secondary Lung CancersB:The Adwintages Brought About by Routine Chest CheckupC:Relationship Between Mortality Rate From Lung Cancer and Smoking HabitsD:Operable and Inoperable Lung CancersE:The Increasing Death Rate From Lung Cancer and Possible CausesF:An Ordinary Type of Lung Cancer
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The experiment_______the discovery of a cure for cancer.A.happened to
B.led up
C.resulted in
D.set up
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单选题How many more decades will have to pass ______ scientists succeed in providing a cure for cancer?A
whenB
beforeC
sinceD
until
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单选题The cure for lung cancer _____.A
can be found before longB
is available if one needs itC
is unknown at presentD
will be found before you need it
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单选题The librarian who develops lung cancer _____ morning exercises every day on campus.A
insists onB
adhere toC
persists inD
get by
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单选题What did the report at San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium illustrate?A
Flaxseed is the most effective treatment for breast cancer.B
Breast cancer is the main cause of death for women.C
It’s hard to cure breast cancer.D
Flaxseed is a potential arsenal against breast cancer.
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