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Passage 7  ● Read the emails below.  ● Complete the table on the opposite page.  ● Write a word or phrase (in CAPITAL LETTERS) or a number on lines 41-45 on your Answer Sheet.Hi, Colleen,  There are a few changes in the original plan for Ms. Garcia’s visit on Wednesday 20 October. The flight is due at 11: 00 and it’s about 45-minute drive to our company. At 12:30, the lunch will be at the Swan Hotel instead of the White Hart. At 16: 00, Tom McAllister will show the video about our new product. Carol Snape will be absent. As John Sallis has to leave early, Sue Smith will take Ms. Garcia to the airport.  Could you please inform Ms. Garcia of the changes?ThanksHenrikHi, Henrik,  I’ll send Ms. Garcia a new journey plan at once.Best regards,Colleen

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更多 “问答题Passage 7  ● Read the emails below.  ● Complete the table on the opposite page.  ● Write a word or phrase (in CAPITAL LETTERS) or a number on lines 41-45 on your Answer Sheet.Hi, Colleen,  There are a few changes in the original plan for Ms. Garcia’s visit on Wednesday 20 October. The flight is due at 11: 00 and it’s about 45-minute drive to our company. At 12:30, the lunch will be at the Swan Hotel instead of the White Hart. At 16: 00, Tom McAllister will show the video about our new product. Carol Snape will be absent. As John Sallis has to leave early, Sue Smith will take Ms. Garcia to the airport.  Could you please inform Ms. Garcia of the changes?ThanksHenrikHi, Henrik,  I’ll send Ms. Garcia a new journey plan at once.Best regards,Colleen” 相关考题
考题 Part BDirections:Read the following saying and write an essay in which you should1) interpret the saying,2) give your comments onthe saying, and3) write a title for your essay.A woman’s career, particularly if it is successful, is often blamed for the break-up of a marriage, but never a man’s.You should writ 160—200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)

考题 Passage TwoThe letter you write is your personal representative. It takes your place when circumstances make it impossible for you to be there in person. It goes to the hospital to cheer a sick friend. It goes to your hostess to thank her for entertaining you. It conveys your best wishes, congratulations, condolences--when you are not able to do so in person.A friendly letter is like a visit on paper. If you "hate to write letters", it's simply because you have not yet discovered the fun it can be to write and receive letters that are good talk on paper. Many people neglect to answer letters from relatives and friends. To a letter unanswered is like saying, "I don't think you are worth the time and effort it takes to write a letter."36. According to the passage, when you can't come to a certain place in person, you can ______.A. send somebody else insteadB. make a telephone callC. send a telegraphD. write a letter

考题 If you don't answer your friends' letters, it seems to say that ______.A. your friends is too busy to read a letterB. your friend hates to receive a letterC. your friend is not worthy of your letterD. your friend should not have written you a letter

考题 PART Ⅰ: INCOMPLETE SENTENCES Directions: This part of the test has incomplete sentences. Four words or phrases, marked (A), (B), (C), (D), are given beneath each sentence. You are to choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and mark your answer. 1. It is on October 1,2009 that the People's Republic of China ______ its 60th birthday.A. congratulated B. kept C. remained D. celebrated

考题 PART Ⅰ: INCOMPLETE SENTENCES Directions: This part of the test has incomplete sentences. Four words or phrases, marked (A), (B), (C), (D), are given beneath each sentence. You are to choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and mark your answer. Mr. Voorhies planned to send the dresser and bed that ______ purchased in Bali to the Netherlands. A. he B. his C. him D. himself

考题 Directions:Write an essay based on the following table.In your writing,you should interpret the table,and give your comments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET.

考题 Directions:Suppose you have to cancel your travel plan and will not be able to visit professor Smith,write him an email to Suppose Professor Smith asked you to plan a debate on the theme oftraffic.Write him an email to Suggest a specific topic with your reasons,and Tell him about your arrangements.You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHETE.Do not use your one name.Use“Li Ming”instead.

考题 Recently,Xiangning started to communicate with Mike,the contact person of Monsell. One day.Mike received an e-mail from Sophia Jones.She wrote an e-mail to Mike who is the contact person of Monsell.Sophia Jones asked some information about Registered Education Savings Plan of Monsell. Read the e-mails.A word or phrase is missing in some of the sentences.Four answer choices are given below each of the sentences.Select the best answer to complete the text.Then select the right answer. Dear Mike, I am one of those concerned mothers who believe that education is the key[1]our children’s future. But as far as I know,it’s costly-currently as much as$60,000 for a four year degree at a Canadian university.My daughter Alisa has just got[2]to the University of Toronto. On one hand,I am thrilled at this great news,while on the other hand,I am a little bit worried[3]our moderate financial status. As a result,I write this to ask for suggestions on ways to maximize our education savings.How many options do I have and how do they work I really appreciate and look forward to your early reply. Yours sincerely, Sophia Jones Recently,Xiangning started to communicate with Mike,the contact person of Monsell. One day.Mike received an e-mail from Sophia Jones.She wrote an e-mail to Mike who is the contact person of Monsell.Sophia Jones asked some information about Registered Education Savings Plan of Monsell. Read the e-mails.A word or phrase is missing in some of the sentences.Four answer choices are given below each of the sentences.Select the best answer to complete the text.Then select the right answer. Dear Mike, I am one of those concerned mothers who believe that education is the key[1]our children’s future. But as far as I know,it’s costly-currently as much as$60,000 for a four year degree at a Canadian university.My daughter Alisa has just got[2]to the University of Toronto. On one hand,I am thrilled at this great news,while on the other hand,I am a little bit worried[3]our moderate financial status. As a result,I write this to ask for suggestions on ways to maximize our education savings.How many options do I have and how do they work I really appreciate and look forward to your early reply. Yours sincerely, Sophia Jones Mrs.Jones, Firstly,please send my sincere congratulations to Alisa for getting into the University of Toronto.As far as I can see,our Registered Education Savings Plan(RESP)is the[4]way to help you maximize your education savings.Tax-sheltered investment growth and eligibility for government grants can make a big contribution to your child’s future.This plan consists of the[5]plan and the family plan.The former is to open an RESP for an individual child,while with a family plan you can name one or more children as beneficiaries. Attached is a brochure on RESP.Please feel free to write to me if any further information is needed. [4] A.perfect B.more perfect C.most perfect D.perfectest

考题 Recently,Xiangning started to communicate with Mike,the contact person of Monsell. One day.Mike received an e-mail from Sophia Jones.She wrote an e-mail to Mike who is the contact person of Monsell.Sophia Jones asked some information about Registered Education Savings Plan of Monsell. Read the e-mails.A word or phrase is missing in some of the sentences.Four answer choices are given below each of the sentences.Select the best answer to complete the text.Then select the right answer. Dear Mike, I am one of those concerned mothers who believe that education is the key [1] our children’s future. But as far as I know, it’s costly-currently as much as $60,000 for a four year degree at a Canadian university. My daughter Alisa has just got [2] to the University of Toronto. On one hand, I am thrilled at this great news, while on the other hand, I am a little bit worried [3] our moderate financial status. As a result, I write this to ask for suggestions on ways to maximize our education savings. How many options do I have and how do they work I really appreciate and look forward to your early reply. Yours sincerely, Sophia Jones Mrs. Jones, Firstly, please send my sincere congratulations to Alisa for getting into the University of Toronto. As far as I can see, our Registered Education Savings Plan(RESP) is the [4] way to help you maximize your education savings. Tax-sheltered investment growth and eligibility for government grants can make a big contribution to your child’s future. This plan consists of the [5] plan and the family plan. The former is to open an RESP for an individual child, while with a family plan you can name one or more children as beneficiaries. Attached is a brochure on RESP. Please feel free to write to me if any further information is needed. [2] A.admitted B.accepted C.received D.announced

考题 问答题Passage 6  ● Read the memo and advertisement below.  ● Complete the form at the bottom of the page.  ● Write a word or phrase (in CAPITAL LETTERS) or a number on lines 41-45 on your Answer Sheet.  Northern Software  24 Queens Road, Chapeltown  To: Jean Palmer, Purchasing  From: Tom Milton, Accounts  Date: 1 March 2002  Subject: Envelopes  We’ve run out of the envelopes we use for mailing invoices­—the white ones with windows. I need some more tomorrow—I don’t want to delay sending the customer bills this month, so please order the envelopes today, and have them delivered as soon as possible. I’ve got about 200 invoices to post.  HAYES OFFICE SUPPLIES  Reductions on some product lines  Brown or white envelopes (supplied in quantities of 100,500 or 1000)  —15% off catalogue price  Product code: EV300 (plain) or EV311 (with window)  Three delivery services available:  one week (free)  four days (minimum charge £2)  next day (minimum charge £5)  101 Leeds Road, Chapeltown  Tel: 2759087 Fax: 2759088  ORDER FORM  Company name:              (41)______  Delivery address:            (42)______Chapeltown  Product code:              (43)______  Colour:                 (44)______  Quantity:                500  Delivery service required:        (45)______  Company:                 (41)______  Name of person to contact:        (42)______  Address of property to be cleaned:    (43)______  Starting date:              (44)______  How client first heard about us:     (45)______  Journey Plan  DATE:                    (41)______  11: 45    arrival at          (42)______  12:30     lunch at           (43)______  14: 00    Meeting in boardroom  15: 30    Coffee break  16: 00    Product presentation (made by (44)______)  18:00     (45)______to accompany Ms. Garcia to the airport  Name of Company:          SCB COMPANY  Delegate Type:               (41)______  Number of Participants:          (42)______  Accommodation :              (43)______  Conference Room Size:           (44)______  Transportation :              (45)______

考题 问答题Practice 5  ● You are on a business trip to one of your company’s factories in Paris to inspect some machines in trouble. You are asked to report to your Department Manager about your work progress there.  ● Write a memo  ● telling him what you have done so far,  ● stating what the trouble is,  ● saying what you are going to do next.  ● Write 40—50 words on the opposite page.

考题 问答题题目要求:  ● Read the text below.  ● For each question, write one word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet.Passage 1Japan’s Lost Generation  Hikikomori has become a major issue in Japan. Loosely translated as “social withdrawal”, Hikikomori (31)______ to the state of anomie into which an increasing number of young Japanese seem to fall these days. Socially withdrawn kids typically lock themselves (32)______ their bedrooms and refuse to have any contact (33)______ the outside world. They live in reverse: they sleep all day, wake up in the evening and stay up all night watching television or playing video games. Some own computers or mobile phones, (34)______ most have few or no friends. Their funk can last for months, even years in extreme cases. No official statistics are available, but it is estimated (35)______ more than 1 million young Japanese suffer from the affliction. One (36)______ young man was the protagonist of my latest novel, Symbiosis Worm.  Hikikomori is a consequence of the phenomenal growth of the Japanese economy (37)______ the latter half of the 20th century and the tremendous technological progress the country made during that time. Japanese youth could not afford to (38)______ socially withdrawn (39)______ their parents were not affluent enough to provide them a home, meals and extras that have come to be thought of as basics-audio and video equipment, software, mobile phones, computers. And there (40)______ plenty of newer technological devices for these youths to pursue.

考题 问答题Passage 5  ● Read the memo and the email below.  ● Complete the form at the bottom of the page.  ● Write a word or phrase (in CAPITAL LETTERS) or a number on lines 41-45 on your Answer Sheet.  AFT CLEANING SERVICES LTD  To: Liz Smith, Supervisor  From: Peter Broadbent, Manager  I got this email yesterday from Collins Ltd in Mill Lane. Could you fill in a new client form for them? Our new radio advertisement seems to have worked, as this is the fifth person who has contacted us!  From  Paul Tomkins [p.tomkins@collins.co.uk]  To   Peter Broadbent [p.broadbent@aftclean.com]  Sent  15 January 200216:46  Subject Our telephone call on 14 January  I can confirm that we would like to employ AFT to clean our new branch at 7 Dawson Street. I’m not sure how many cleaners or what hours we will need. Please ring Sue Potts, my secretary, to arrange terms. This contract is to begin from 25 January.  NEW CLIENT DETAILS

考题 问答题Practice 6  ● Your company wants to choose a new Overseas Sales Manager. You are asked to draft a want-advertisement to be posted on the Internet of your company.  ● Write an e-mail to all staff:  ● stating what position is wanted and what abilities are required,  ● saying what documents are needed when applying,  ● pointing out for how long this position holds.  ● Write 30—40 words on the opposite page.

考题 问答题Directions: Write a composition according to the graph below. You should quote as few figures as possible. Remember to write at least 120 words.

考题 问答题Passage 7Questions 34—45  ● Read the text below about how to order products.  ● In most of the lines 41—52 there is one extra word. It is either grammatically incorrect or does not fit in with the meaning of the text. Some lines, however, are correct.  ●If a line is correct, write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet.  ●There is an extra word in the line, write the extra word on your Answer sheet.  Special Products Co. —How to Order  0. Our specialty is our convenient catalogue system. Instead of  00. spending time going to a shop, you simply order it direct from us.  34. Ordering is easy and delivery fast. Once received, your order will  35. normally be dispatched within 72 hours. We will inform to you  36. immediately should any items be out of stock. If you are not happy  37. with your purchases please return them to us within the l5 days in their  38. original packaging and we will return you for in full. Quality is our main  39. criterion. Each item is under unconditionally guaranteed for 6 months.  40. You will receive a receipt and with your order which is your guarantee.  41. In the unlikely event of damage to an item during delivery, should please  42. contact with us immediately on 0197 3101772 and we will arrange for  43. its return or replacement.  44. All prices and promotional  45. offers are valid until 30th September.

考题 问答题Passage 2  ● Read the memo and the anniversary activities below.  ● Complete the form on the following page.  ● Write a word, phrase or number in spaces 41-45 on your book.  Citroen Ltd.  N0.45 Ten Mile Road ES, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100028  Memo  To: P.K.Kirkman  From: Richard Patterson  Date: 0ctober 9, 1998  Message:  Kirkman,  Please send this announcement to BTV-2.I think it will help our business. Thank you.  Citroen Ltd.  N0.45 Ten Mile Road ES, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100028  Dear Sir or Madam,  Citroen Ltd. will be turning 79 years old on October 23, making us the oldest car dealership in Beijing. We will be staging a 2-day celebration.  On October 23, we will kick off anniversary with displaying of antique autos and carnival rides for the customers. On October 24, we will have a picnic open to the public. We think that our anniversary event would make a fine spot on your “Special Focus” segment on the l2 o'clock news.  I have enclosed a flyer describing the complete festivities. Thank you for helping us celebrate our anniversary.Sincerely yours,Richard PattersonPresidentMAE: fswContact: Tel: (010)65768835Fax: 2013785649  Celebration Activities  The media mentioned:           (41)______  Company:                 (42)______  How old is the company?         (43)______  When will the news be broadcasted?   (44)______  Activities on Oct.23:          (45)______

考题 问答题Passage 4  ● Read the memo and the request below.  ● Complete the form on the following page.  ● Write a word, phrase or number in spaces 41-45 on your book.  Memo  To: Charles Murphy@yahoo.com  From: Robert James@sohu.com  Subject: Books Not Delivered  Message:  April 8, 2005  Charles,  You were going to send the books on International Trade and Multi-cultural Communication to me by yesterday. They have not arrived. Please get in touch with me ASAP. We need these books for tomorrow afternoon’s meeting.Thanks,Rnbert  A Request for the Books Ordered  The person who received the message:    (41)______  What happened:               (42)______  When were the books due to arrive:     (43)______  The name of the book:           (44)______  When will the book be used:        (45)______

考题 问答题Passage 4Questions 34 - 45  ● Read the article below about stock exchange.  ● In most of the lines 34 - 45 there is one extra word. It is either grammatically incorrect or does not fit in with the sense of the text. Some lines, however, are correct.  ● If a line is correct, write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet.  ● If there is an extra word in the line, write the extra word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet.  ● The exercise begins with two examples, (0) and (00)  0. The London Stock Exchange has always been famous as a place for men only, and women  00. used to be strictly forbidden to enter in. But the world is changing day by day, and even the  34. Stock Exchange, which seemed to be a man’s castle, is being gradually opening its doors to the  35. other sex. On 16th November 1971, a great decision was taken out. The Stock Exchange  36. Council (the body of men that administers the Stock Exchange) decided that women be  37. allowed to the new trading floor when it opened in 1973. But the “castle” had not been very  38. completely conquered. The first girls to work in “The House” were not brokers or jobbers.  39. They were neither allowed to be become partners in stocking firms, nor to be authorized dealers  40. in stocks and shares. They were simply junior clerks and telephone operators. Women all  41. have been trying to get into the Stock Exchange for many years. Several votes have been  42. taken in “The House” to see whether the members would be willing to allow many women  43. to become members, but the answer has always been “No”. There have been three refusals of  44. this kind since 1967. Now women are admitted, although they in a very junior capacity.  45. Actually, it is the only a matter of time, it will sure take place sooner or later.

考题 问答题题目要求:  The essay gives you an opportunity to show how effectively you can develop and express ideas. You should, therefore, take care to develop your point of view, present your ideas logically and clearly, and use language precisely.  Your essay must be written on the lines provided on your answer sheet—you will receive no other paper on which to write. You will have enough space if you write on every line, avoid wide margins, and keep your handwriting to a reasonable size. Remember that people who are not familiar with your handwriting will read what you write. Try to write or print so that what you are writing is legible to those readers.  Important Reminders:  ·A pencil is required for the essay. An essay written in ink will receive a score of zero.  ·Do not write your essay in your test book. You will receive credit only for what you write on your answer sheet.  ·An off-topic essay will receive a score of zero.  ·If your essay does not reflect your original and individual work, your test scores maybe canceled.  You have twenty-five minutes to write an essay on the topic assigned below.Practice 1  Think carefully about the issue presented in the following excerpt and the assignment below.  The liberally educated person is one who is able to resist the easy and preferred answers, not because he is obstinate but because he knows others worthy of Consideration.  —Allan Bloom  Assignment: What is one important easy and preferred answer that we should resist? That is, what dangerous misconception do people commonly hold? Write an essay in which you answer this question and support your position logically with examples from literature, the arts, history, politics, science and technology, current events, or your experience or observation.

考题 问答题Passage 3  ● Read the memo and the advertisement below.  ● Complete the form on the following page.  ● Write a word, phrase or number in Spaces 41-45 on your book.  Memo  To: Taylor Smith, Service Manager  From: Dianna Manson, President  Subject: REQUEST FOR CREDIT IN ACCOUNT  Taylor,  I noticed that there is a complaint letter from Mrs. Lily, please reply her in two days. This will help avoid any future misunderstandings with our customers.  Dianna  Lily ButtnerP.O.BOX 519  St.Louis, GA 6789  July 10, 2000  Jin Di Education Press212 SE 56th St.  Buffalo, NY3170Dear Sir or Madam,  I am Lily, a common reader. I’m writing to complain about the poor quality of books published by you. For one thing I found quite a few printing and bookbinding mistakes in your books. For another, some pages are even missing. Because books are closely related to our education, I wish this will not happen again though you are not generally careless. Besides, I plan to finish my research paper, I wish my account to be issued a credit instead of you replacing the faulty merchandise. Please find enclosed the copies of your invoice, #7723, in the amount of $46 and my invoice for shipping charges of $2.10. Thank you for your time and consideration.Sincerely yours,Lily Buttner  A Complaint Letter  Time of the complaint:                     (41)______  What for:                            (42)______  The number of mistakes in the book the customer mentioned:   (43)______  Who is responsible for the mistakes?              (44)______  How much does the customer ask for credit in account?     (45)______

考题 问答题Passage 2Questions 34-35  ● Read the extract of an article below about product promotion.  ● In most of the lines 34-45 there is one extra word. It is either grammatically incorrect or does not fit in with the sense of the text. Some lines, however, are correct.  ● If a line is correct, write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet.  ● If there is an extra word in the line, write the extra word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet.  ● The exercise begins with two examples, (0) and (00).  Example:  Choosing the Right Promotional Product Can Attract Buzz  0. It is important to know as much as that you can about the recipient of a  00. promotional item or corporate gift. If you give one group an iPod they will  34. be motivated by it, while another group will see it as something which they  35. can use it to re-gift to someone else. And unless your product ends up in the  36. hands of the person you intended to, the influence over their behavior you  37. were hoping to leverage is completely lost. “It’s got to have lasting value  38. and that doesn’t necessarily mean a high cost,” says a client. ‘I’ve got a  39. flashlight at home that I use every time when the power goes out and it’s still  40. got the name of the company that gave it to me on it.’ Size is also a factor. If  41. most of your attendees are within their driving distance of your event then  42. you can give them something so big because it’s not going to be a problem  43. to take home. But if the majority of attendees have been flown in, then a  44. smaller, more portable item would be a better bet. High-quality T-shirts, the  45. latest high-tech mouse pad or a few high-end golf balls may be fit the bill.

考题 问答题Passage 8  ● Read the email and brochure below.  ● Complete the booking form on the opposite page.  ● Write a word or phrase (in CAPITAL LETTERS) or a number on lines 41-45 on your Answer Sheet.Hi Tracy,  Could you please fill in the form to book a 2-day team-building event with Wildevent Company for eight of our sales staff? The following is the brochure. I suggest the weekend of 24/25 November. We just need four double rooms and a small meeting room. Could you ask for a coach to collect us?Thanks.Alan  Event Check List:  Location  Day Event or Overnight with Accommodation.  Accommodation no. of delegates (Rooms-shared or single rooms, leisure facilities).  Dinner Requirements—private, themed or entertainment.  Conference room size and seating Special Needs-meeting room equipment, sound systems, grounds for events.  Transportation—parking, coaches for collection and return of delegates.  Delegate Type—24hr or day delegate.  Tel: 01787 269 819  Booking Form

考题 问答题Practice 3  ● You work as a secretary in a company. You got a sudden dizzy faint this morning on March 10, 2008, so you had to ask for leave from your boss, Mike Brown:  ● Write a note:  ● asking for a sick leave,  ● explaining the reason,  ● stating when you will be back.  ●Write 30-40 words on the opposite page.

考题 问答题You are required to write an email of no fewer than 80 words to your manager, according to the following information given in Chinese. You should include all the points listed in the following table. Now write the message on the Answer Sheet.

考题 问答题Passage 1  ● Read the memo and application letter below  ● Complete the form on the following page.  ● Write a word, phrase or number in spaces 41-45 on your book.  Memo  To: Lucy  From: David  Date: June 5, 20071  Message:  I received this letter three days ago and thought the applicant might be suitable for the position we had advertised. Please fill in the Candidate Information Form and pass it on to the Personnel Manager.  4909 Gen.Bradley NE  Albuquerque, NM87111  June 2, 2007Dear Sir,  I am writing to apply for the position of programming advertised in yesterday’s daily news.  I believe I am just the right person for the post you advertised. As a college senior, I will graduate from Bruners University at the end of May with a degree in computer programming and business communication. I feel that my education and summer activities, developing skill programs for the ABC company will qualify me in the future for a position in computer.  I look forward to receiving a reply from you soon.Yours sincerely,Jenny Moses  Candidate Information Form  First Name:      (41)______  Surname:       (42)______  Date:         (43)______  Post Code:      (44)______  Major:        (45)______

考题 问答题Passage 3Questions 34-45  ● Read the text below about training.  ● In most of the lines 34-45, there is one extra word. It is either grammatically incorrect or does not fit in with the meaning of the text. Some lines, however, are correct.  ● If a line is correct, write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet.  ● If there is an extra word in the line, write the extra word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet.  ● The exercise begins with two examples, (0) and (00)  The cost of not training  0. Training is not a cost. It’s an investment. It really doesn’t matter that what we pay.  00. for an investment. What is relevant is what we get in return. One of the easiest  34. ways is to put an organisation’s future at risk would be to view training primarily as a  35. cost, and therefore provide with substandard training that operates only as a  36. temporary solution. Many companies attempt to quantify the results of training. For  37. example, a person paid $50,000 a year who wastes just one hour a day costs the  38. organisation between $6,250 per year. So if the organisation sends 25 people for  39. training and they all receive the same benefit, this would equal from $156,250  40. savings per year. A few years ago, training, apart from showing employees  41. what the basics of doing the job, was an optional extra for most organisations.  42. Today this is no longer the case. If we continue doing what we do in the same way,  43. most of us and our organisations will become obsolete within the five years. This is  44. because of our competitors are helping their staff to become more effective through  45. training. They understand that if the real price of not training is the company falling behind as a result.