单选题The estimates in Economic Outlook show that in rich countries ______.A heavy industry becomes more energy-intensiveB income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil pricesC manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezedD oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP

考题 The estimates in Economic Outlook show that in rich countries______.A) heavy industry becomes mare energy-intensiveB) income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil. pricesC) manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezedD) oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP

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考题 We can draw a conclusion from the text that______.A) oil-price shocks are less shocking nowB) inflation seems irrelevant to oil -price shocksC) energy conservation can keep down the oil pricesD) the price rise of crude leads to the shrinking of heavy industry

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考题 Text 3 Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return? Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March, the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel, up from less than $10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock, when prices quadrupled, and 1979-80, when they also almost tripled. Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline. So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports. Strengthening economic growth, at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere, could push the price higher still in the short term.Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s. In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s. In Europe, taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price, so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were, and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price. Energy conservation, a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption. Software, consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production. For each dollar of GDP (in constant prices) rich economies now use nearly 50% less oil than in 1973. The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that, if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year, compared with $13 in 1998, this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.5% of GDP. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand, oil-importing emerging economies--to which heavy industry has shifted-have become more energy-intensive, and so could be more seriously squeezed.One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that, unlike the rises in the 1970s, it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand. A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline. The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago. In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%, and in 1979 by almost 30%.第51题：The main reason for the latest rise of oil price isA global inflation.B reduction in supply.C fast growth in economy.D Iraq's suspension of exports.

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考题 The estimates in Economic Outlook show that in rich countriesA heavy industry becomes more energy-intensive.B income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil prices.C manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezed.D oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP.

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考题 We can draw a conclusion from the text thatA oil-price shocks are less shocking now.B inflation seems irrelevant to oil-price shocks.C energy conservation can keep down the oil prices.D the price rise of crude leads to the shrinking of heavy industry.

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考题 The Law to Keep the Oil Industry under Control The Norwegian Government is doing its best to keep the oil industry under control.A new law limits exploration to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline;production limits have been laid down(though these have already been raised);and oil companies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers.But the oil industry has a way of getting over such problems,and few people believe that the Government will be able to hold things back for long.As on Norwegian politician said last week:“We will soon be changed beyond all recognition.” Ever since the war,the Government has been carrying out a programme of development in the area north of the Arctic Circle.During the past few years this programme has had a great deal of success:Tromso has been built up into a local capital with a university,a large hospital and a healthy industry.But the oil industry has already started to draw people south, and within a few years the whole northern policy could be in ruins. The effects of the oil industry would not be limited to the north,however.With nearly 100 percent employment,everyone can see a situation developing in which the service industries and the tourist industry will lose more of their workers to the oil industry.Some smaller industries might even disappear altogether when it becomes cheaper to buy goods from abroad.The real argument over oil is its threat to the Norwegian way of life.Farmers and fishermen do not make up most of the population,but they are an important part of it,because Norwegians see in them many of the qualities that they regard with pride as essentially Norwegian.And it is the farmers and the fishermen who are most critical of the oil industry because of the damage that it might cause to the countryside and to the sea. The Norwegian Government has tried to ______.A.encourage the oil companies to discover new oil sources. B.prevent oil companies employing people from northern Norway. C.help the oil companies solve many of their problems. D.keep the oil industry to something near its present size.

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考题 The Law to Keep the Oil Industry under Control The Norwegian Government is doing its best to keep the oil industry under control.A new law limits exploration to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline;production limits have been laid down(though these have already been raised);and oil companies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers.But the oil industry has a way of getting over such problems,and few people believe that the Government will be able to hold things back for long.As on Norwegian politician said last week:“We will soon be changed beyond all recognition.” Ever since the war,the Government has been carrying out a programme of development in the area north of the Arctic Circle.During the past few years this programme has had a great deal of success:Tromso has been built up into a local capital with a university,a large hospital and a healthy industry.But the oil industry has already started to draw people south, and within a few years the whole northern policy could be in ruins. The effects of the oil industry would not be limited to the north,however.With nearly 100 percent employment,everyone can see a situation developing in which the service industries and the tourist industry will lose more of their workers to the oil industry.Some smaller industries might even disappear altogether when it becomes cheaper to buy goods from abroad.The real argument over oil is its threat to the Norwegian way of life.Farmers and fishermen do not make up most of the population,but they are an important part of it,because Norwegians see in them many of the qualities that they regard with pride as essentially Norwegian.And it is the farmers and the fishermen who are most critical of the oil industry because of the damage that it might cause to the countryside and to the sea. The Norwegian Government would prefer the oil industry to______.A.provide more jobs for foreign workers. B.slow down the rate of its development. C.sell the oil it is producing abroad. D.develop more quickly than at present.

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考题 The Law to Keep the Oil Industry under Control The Norwegian Government is doing its best to keep the oil industry under control.A new law limits exploration to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline;production limits have been laid down(though these have already been raised);and oil companies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers.But the oil industry has a way of getting over such problems,and few people believe that the Government will be able to hold things back for long.As on Norwegian politician said last week:“We will soon be changed beyond all recognition.” Ever since the war,the Government has been carrying out a programme of development in the area north of the Arctic Circle.During the past few years this programme has had a great deal of success:Tromso has been built up into a local capital with a university,a large hospital and a healthy industry.But the oil industry has already started to draw people south, and within a few years the whole northern policy could be in ruins. The effects of the oil industry would not be limited to the north,however.With nearly 100 percent employment,everyone can see a situation developing in which the service industries and the tourist industry will lose more of their workers to the oil industry.Some smaller industries might even disappear altogether when it becomes cheaper to buy goods from abroad.The real argument over oil is its threat to the Norwegian way of life.Farmers and fishermen do not make up most of the population,but they are an important part of it,because Norwegians see in them many of the qualities that they regard with pride as essentially Norwegian.And it is the farmers and the fishermen who are most critical of the oil industry because of the damage that it might cause to the countryside and to the sea. In the south, one effect to the development of the oil industry might be _____.A.a large reduction on unemployment. B.a growth in the tourist industry. C.a reduction in the number of existing industries. D.the development of a number of service industries.

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考题共用题干第三篇Oil and EconomyCould the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock,when prices quadrupled,and 1979一1980,when they also almost tripled.Both previous shocks resulted in double一digit inflation and global economic decline.So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports.Strengthening economic growth,at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere,could push the price higher still in the short term.Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s.In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s.In Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude oil have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were,and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.Energy conservation,a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.Software,consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production.For each dollar of GDP(in constant prices)rich economies now use nearly 50%less oil than in 1973.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.S%of GDP. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980.On the other hand,oil-importing emerging economies一to which heavy industry has shifted一have become more energy一intensive,and so could be more seriously squeezed.One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the 1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline.The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago. In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%,and in 1979 by almost 30%.The estimates in Economic Outlook show that in rich countries______.A:heavy industry becomes more energy-intensiveB:income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil pricesC:manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezedD:oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP

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考题共用题干第三篇Oil and EconomyCould the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock,when prices quadrupled,and 1979一1980,when they also almost tripled.Both previous shocks resulted in double一digit inflation and global economic decline.So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports.Strengthening economic growth,at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere,could push the price higher still in the short term.Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s.In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s.In Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude oil have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were,and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.Energy conservation,a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.Software,consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production.For each dollar of GDP(in constant prices)rich economies now use nearly 50%less oil than in 1973.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.S%of GDP. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980.On the other hand,oil-importing emerging economies一to which heavy industry has shifted一have become more energy一intensive,and so could be more seriously squeezed.One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the 1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline.The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago. In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%,and in 1979 by almost 30%.We can draw a conclusion from the text that______.A:oil-price shocks are less shocking nowB:inflation seems irrelevant to oil-price shocksC:energy conservation can keep down the oil pricesD:the price rise of crude oil leads to the shrinking of heavy industry

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考题共用题干第三篇Oil and EconomyCould the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock,when prices quadrupled,and 1979一1980,when they also almost tripled.Both previous shocks resulted in double一digit inflation and global economic decline.So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports.Strengthening economic growth,at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere,could push the price higher still in the short term.Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s.In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s.In Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude oil have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were,and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.Energy conservation,a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.Software,consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production.For each dollar of GDP(in constant prices)rich economies now use nearly 50%less oil than in 1973.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.S%of GDP. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980.On the other hand,oil-importing emerging economies一to which heavy industry has shifted一have become more energy一intensive,and so could be more seriously squeezed.One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the 1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline.The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago. In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%,and in 1979 by almost 30%.The main reason for the latest rise of oil price is______.A:global inflationB:reduction in supplyC:fast growth in economyD:Iraq's suspension of exports

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考题共用题干第三篇Oil and EconomyCould the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock,when prices quadrupled,and 1979一1980,when they also almost tripled.Both previous shocks resulted in double一digit inflation and global economic decline.So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports.Strengthening economic growth,at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere,could push the price higher still in the short term.Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s.In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s.In Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude oil have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were,and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.Energy conservation,a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.Software,consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production.For each dollar of GDP(in constant prices)rich economies now use nearly 50%less oil than in 1973.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.S%of GDP. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980.On the other hand,oil-importing emerging economies一to which heavy industry has shifted一have become more energy一intensive,and so could be more seriously squeezed.One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the 1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline.The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago. In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%,and in 1979 by almost 30%.From the text we can see that the writer seems______.A:optimistic B:sensitiveC:gloomy D:scared

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考题共用题干第三篇Oil and EconomyCould the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock,when prices quadrupled,and 1979一1980,when they also almost tripled.Both previous shocks resulted in double一digit inflation and global economic decline.So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports.Strengthening economic growth,at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere,could push the price higher still in the short term.Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s.In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s.In Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude oil have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were,and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.Energy conservation,a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.Software,consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production.For each dollar of GDP(in constant prices)rich economies now use nearly 50%less oil than in 1973.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.S%of GDP. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980.On the other hand,oil-importing emerging economies一to which heavy industry has shifted一have become more energy一intensive,and so could be more seriously squeezed.One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the 1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline.The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago. In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%,and in 1979 by almost 30%.It can be inferred from the text that the retail price of petrol will go up dramatically in Europe if______.A:price of crude risesB:commodity prices riseC:consumption risesD:oil taxes rise

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考题阅读理解 The Norwegian Government is doing its best to keep the oil industry under control. A new law limits exploration to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline; production limits have been laid down (though these have already been raised) ; and oil companies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers. But the oil industry has a way of getting over such problems, and few people believe that the Government will be able to hold things back for long. As a Norwegian politician said last week: "We will soon be changed beyond all recognition. " Ever since the war, the Government has been carrying out a programme of development in the area north of the Arctic Circle. During the past few years this programme has had a great deal of success: Tromso has been built up into a local capital with a university, a large hospital and a healthy industry. But the oil industry has already started to draw people from the south, and within a few years the whole northern policy could be in ruins. The effects of the oil industry would not be limited to the north, however. With nearly 100 percent employment, everyone can see a situation developing in which the service industries and the tourist industry will lose more of their workers to the oil industry. Some smaller industries might even disappear altogether when it becomes cheaper to buy goods from abroad. The real argument over oil is its threat to the Norwegian way of life. Farmers and fishermen do not make up most of the population, but they are an important part of it, because the Norwegians see in them many of the qualities that they regard with pride as essentially Norwegian. And it is the farmers and the fishermen who are most critical of the oil industry because of the damage that it might cause to the countryside and to the sea. 16. The Norwegian Government would prefer the oil industry to ______.A. provide more jobs for foreign workers B. slow down the rate of its development C. sell the oil it is producing abroad D. develop more quickly than at present

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考题共用题干第三篇Oil and EconomyCould the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock,when prices quadrupled,and 1979一1980,when they also almost tripled.Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline.So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports.Strengthening economic growth,at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere,could push the price higher still in the short term.Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the l970s.In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the l970s.In Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were,and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.Energy conservation,a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.Software,consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production.For each dollar of GDP(inconstant prices)in rich economies now use nearly 50%less oil than in 1973.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with$13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25％～0.5%of GDP.That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand,oil-importing emerging economies一to which heavy industry has shifted一have become more energy-intensive,and so could be more seriously squeezed.One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the 1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline.The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago.In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%,and in 1979 by almost 30%.It can be inferred from the text that the retail price of petrol will go up dramatically if_______.A:price of crude risesB:commodity prices riseC:consumption risesD:oil taxes rise

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考题共用题干第三篇Oil and EconomyCould the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock,when prices quadrupled,and 1979一1980,when they also almost tripled.Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline.So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports.Strengthening economic growth,at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere,could push the price higher still in the short term.Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the l970s.In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the l970s.In Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were,and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.Energy conservation,a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.Software,consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production.For each dollar of GDP(inconstant prices)in rich economies now use nearly 50%less oil than in 1973.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with$13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25％～0.5%of GDP.That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand,oil-importing emerging economies一to which heavy industry has shifted一have become more energy-intensive,and so could be more seriously squeezed.One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the 1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline.The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago.In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%,and in 1979 by almost 30%.We can draw a conclusion from the text that_______.A:oil-price shocks are less shocking nowB:inflation seems irrelevant to oil-price shocksC:energy conservation can keep down the oil pricesD:the price rise of crude leads to the shrinking of heavy industry

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考题共用题干第三篇Oil and EconomyCould the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock,when prices quadrupled,and 1979一1980,when they also almost tripled.Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline.So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports.Strengthening economic growth,at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere,could push the price higher still in the short term.Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the l970s.In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the l970s.In Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were,and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.Energy conservation,a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.Software,consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production.For each dollar of GDP(inconstant prices)in rich economies now use nearly 50%less oil than in 1973.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with$13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25％～0.5%of GDP.That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand,oil-importing emerging economies一to which heavy industry has shifted一have become more energy-intensive,and so could be more seriously squeezed.One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the 1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline.The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago.In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%,and in 1979 by almost 30%.The estimates in Economic Outlook show that in rich countries_______.A:heavy industry becomes more energy-intensiveB:income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil pricesC:manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezedD:oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP

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考题共用题干第三篇Oil and EconomyCould the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock,when prices quadrupled,and 1979一1980,when they also almost tripled.Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline.So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports.Strengthening economic growth,at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere,could push the price higher still in the short term.Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the l970s.In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the l970s.In Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were,and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.Energy conservation,a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.Software,consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production.For each dollar of GDP(inconstant prices)in rich economies now use nearly 50%less oil than in 1973.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with$13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25％～0.5%of GDP.That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand,oil-importing emerging economies一to which heavy industry has shifted一have become more energy-intensive,and so could be more seriously squeezed.One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the 1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline.The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago.In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%,and in 1979 by almost 30%.From the text we can see that the writer seems_______.A:optimistic B:sensitiveC:gloomy D:scared

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考题共用题干第三篇Oil and EconomyCould the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel,up from less than$10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock,when prices quadrupled,and 1979一1980,when they also almost tripled.Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline.So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports.Strengthening economic growth,at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere,could push the price higher still in the short term.Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the l970s.In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the l970s.In Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were,and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.Energy conservation,a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.Software,consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production.For each dollar of GDP(inconstant prices)in rich economies now use nearly 50%less oil than in 1973.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with$13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25％～0.5%of GDP.That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand,oil-importing emerging economies一to which heavy industry has shifted一have become more energy-intensive,and so could be more seriously squeezed.One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the 1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline.The Economist's commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago.In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%,and in 1979 by almost 30%.The main reason for the latest rise of oil price is_______.A:global inflationB:reduction in supplyC:fast growth in economyD:Iraq's suspension of exports

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考题共用题干第三篇Oil Industry in NorwayThe Norwegian Government is doing its best to keep the oil industry under control.A new law limits exploration to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline;production limits have been laid down(though these have already been raised);and oil companies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers.But the oil industry has a way of getting over such problems,and few people believe that the Government will be able to hold things back for long.As an Norwegian politician said last week:"We will soon be changed beyond all recognition."Ever since the war,the Government has been carrying out a program of development in the area north of the Arctic Circle.During the past few years this program has had a great deal of success: Tromso has been built up into a local capital with a university,a large hospital and a healthy industry.But the oil industry has already started to draw people south,and within a few years the whole northern policy could be in ruins.The effects of the oil industry would not be limited to the north,however. With nearly 100 percent employment,everyone can see a situation developing in which the service industries and the tourist industry will lose more of their workers to the oil industry.Some smaller industries might even disappear altogether when it becomes cheaper to buy goods from abroad.The real argument over oil is its threat to the Norwegian way of life.Farmers and fishermen do not make up most of the population,but they are an important part of it,because Norwegians see in them many of the qualities that they regard with pride as essentially Norwegian.And it is the farmers and the fishermen who are most critical of the oil industry because of the damage that it might cause to the countryside and to the sea.In the south,one effect to the development of the oil industry might be________.A:a large reduction on unemploymentB:a growth in the tourist industryC:a reduction in the number of existing industriesD:the development of a number of service industries

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考题共用题干第三篇Oil Industry in NorwayThe Norwegian Government is doing its best to keep the oil industry under control.A new law limits exploration to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline;production limits have been laid down(though these have already been raised);and oil companies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers.But the oil industry has a way of getting over such problems,and few people believe that the Government will be able to hold things back for long.As an Norwegian politician said last week:"We will soon be changed beyond all recognition."Ever since the war,the Government has been carrying out a program of development in the area north of the Arctic Circle.During the past few years this program has had a great deal of success: Tromso has been built up into a local capital with a university,a large hospital and a healthy industry.But the oil industry has already started to draw people south,and within a few years the whole northern policy could be in ruins.The effects of the oil industry would not be limited to the north,however. With nearly 100 percent employment,everyone can see a situation developing in which the service industries and the tourist industry will lose more of their workers to the oil industry.Some smaller industries might even disappear altogether when it becomes cheaper to buy goods from abroad.The real argument over oil is its threat to the Norwegian way of life.Farmers and fishermen do not make up most of the population,but they are an important part of it,because Norwegians see in them many of the qualities that they regard with pride as essentially Norwegian.And it is the farmers and the fishermen who are most critical of the oil industry because of the damage that it might cause to the countryside and to the sea.The Norwegian Government would prefer the oil industry to________.A:provide more jobs for foreign workersB:slow down the rate of its developmentC:sell the oil it is producing abroadD:develop more quickly than at present

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考题共用题干第三篇Oil Industry in NorwayThe Norwegian Government is doing its best to keep the oil industry under control.A new law limits exploration to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline;production limits have been laid down(though these have already been raised);and oil companies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers.But the oil industry has a way of getting over such problems,and few people believe that the Government will be able to hold things back for long.As an Norwegian politician said last week:"We will soon be changed beyond all recognition."Ever since the war,the Government has been carrying out a program of development in the area north of the Arctic Circle.During the past few years this program has had a great deal of success: Tromso has been built up into a local capital with a university,a large hospital and a healthy industry.But the oil industry has already started to draw people south,and within a few years the whole northern policy could be in ruins.The effects of the oil industry would not be limited to the north,however. With nearly 100 percent employment,everyone can see a situation developing in which the service industries and the tourist industry will lose more of their workers to the oil industry.Some smaller industries might even disappear altogether when it becomes cheaper to buy goods from abroad.The real argument over oil is its threat to the Norwegian way of life.Farmers and fishermen do not make up most of the population,but they are an important part of it,because Norwegians see in them many of the qualities that they regard with pride as essentially Norwegian.And it is the farmers and the fishermen who are most critical of the oil industry because of the damage that it might cause to the countryside and to the sea.According to the passage,the oil industry might lead northern Norway to________.A:the development of industryB:a growth in populationC:the failure of the development programD:the development of new towns

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考题共用题干第三篇Oil Industry in NorwayThe Norwegian Government is doing its best to keep the oil industry under control.A new law limits exploration to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline;production limits have been laid down(though these have already been raised);and oil companies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers.But the oil industry has a way of getting over such problems,and few people believe that the Government will be able to hold things back for long.As an Norwegian politician said last week:"We will soon be changed beyond all recognition."Ever since the war,the Government has been carrying out a program of development in the area north of the Arctic Circle.During the past few years this program has had a great deal of success: Tromso has been built up into a local capital with a university,a large hospital and a healthy industry.But the oil industry has already started to draw people south,and within a few years the whole northern policy could be in ruins.The effects of the oil industry would not be limited to the north,however. With nearly 100 percent employment,everyone can see a situation developing in which the service industries and the tourist industry will lose more of their workers to the oil industry.Some smaller industries might even disappear altogether when it becomes cheaper to buy goods from abroad.The real argument over oil is its threat to the Norwegian way of life.Farmers and fishermen do not make up most of the population,but they are an important part of it,because Norwegians see in them many of the qualities that they regard with pride as essentially Norwegian.And it is the farmers and the fishermen who are most critical of the oil industry because of the damage that it might cause to the countryside and to the sea.The Norwegian Government has tried to________.A:encourage the oil companies to discover new oil sourcesB:prevent oil companies employing people from northern NorwayC:help the oil companies solve many of their problemsD:keep the oil industry to something near its present size

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考题共用题干第三篇Oil Industry in NorwayThe Norwegian Government is doing its best to keep the oil industry under control.A new law limits exploration to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline;production limits have been laid down(though these have already been raised);and oil companies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers.But the oil industry has a way of getting over such problems,and few people believe that the Government will be able to hold things back for long.As an Norwegian politician said last week:"We will soon be changed beyond all recognition."Ever since the war,the Government has been carrying out a program of development in the area north of the Arctic Circle.During the past few years this program has had a great deal of success: Tromso has been built up into a local capital with a university,a large hospital and a healthy industry.But the oil industry has already started to draw people south,and within a few years the whole northern policy could be in ruins.The effects of the oil industry would not be limited to the north,however. With nearly 100 percent employment,everyone can see a situation developing in which the service industries and the tourist industry will lose more of their workers to the oil industry.Some smaller industries might even disappear altogether when it becomes cheaper to buy goods from abroad.The real argument over oil is its threat to the Norwegian way of life.Farmers and fishermen do not make up most of the population,but they are an important part of it,because Norwegians see in them many of the qualities that they regard with pride as essentially Norwegian.And it is the farmers and the fishermen who are most critical of the oil industry because of the damage that it might cause to the countryside and to the sea.Norwegian farmers and fishermen have an important influence because________.A:they form such a large part of Norwegian idealB:they regard oil as a threat to the Norwegian way of lifeC:their work is so useful to the rest of Norwegian societyD:their lives and values represent the Norwegian ideal

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考题单选题The estimates in Economic Outlook show that in rich countries ______.A heavy industry becomes more energy-intensiveB income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil pricesC manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezedD oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP

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考题问答题Directions:In this section, there is one passage followed by 5 questions. Read the passage carefully, then answer the questions in a maximum of 10 words. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.　　Questions 1-5 are based on the following passage.　　Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return? Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March, the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel, up from less than $10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock, when prices quadrupled, and 1979-1980, when they also almost tripled. Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline. So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?　　The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports. Strengthening economic growth, at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere, could push the price higher still in the short term.　　Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s. In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s. In Europe, taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price, so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.　　Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were, and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price. Energy conservation, a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption. Software, consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production. For each dollar of GDP (in constant prices) rich economies now use nearly 50% less oil than in 1973. The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that, if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year, compared with $13 in 1998, this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.5% of GDP. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand, oil-importing emerging economies—to which heavy industry has shifted—have become more energy-intensive, and so could be more seriously squeezed.　　One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that, unlike the rises in the 1970s, it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand. A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline. The economist’s commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago. In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%, and in 1979 by almost 30%.　　Questions:　　1．What is the main reason for the latest rise of oil price?　　2．What are the results of the 1970s’ oil shock?　　3．It can be inferred from the text that the retail price of petrol will go up dramatically if ________.　　4．According to the passage, reduction in oil consumption is due to ________, a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries.　　5．According to the passage, compared with those in the 1970s, oil-price shocks are ________ now.

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考题单选题The estimates in Economic Outlookshow that in rich countries ______.A heavy industry becomes more energy-intensiveB income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil pricesC manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezedD oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP

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考题单选题We can draw a conclusion from the text that ______.A oil-price shocks are less shocking nowB inflation seems irrelevant to oil-price shocksC energy conservation can keep down the oil pricesD the price rise of crude leads to the shrinking of heavy industry

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