单选题To be considered a hormone, a chemical produced in the body must _____.A be part of the digestive processB influence the operations of the nervous systemC affect processes in a different part of the bodyD regulate attitudes and behavior

考题 Stress is body reaction by releasing chemical things into the blood for bad experience only.() 此题为判断题(对，错)。

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考题 Which of the following is considered a direct cost for producing a widget?A . The cost of the materials used to produce a widget.B . The labor costs of the workers who actually produced the widget.C . The rent for the building in which the widget was manufacturedD . The salary of senior management and the project sponsorE . A and B only

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考题 35 Which of the following is considered a direct cost for producing a widget?A. The cost of the materials used to produce a widget.B. The labor costs of the workers who actually produced the widget.C. The rent for the building in which the widget was manufacturedD. The salary of senior management and the project sponsorE. A and B only

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考题 The hormone cortisol，which controls salt and water excretion，is made in the morning，______the body is.A. whereB. nowhereC. everywhereD. wherever

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考题 This report was produced by the Government in () with the chemical industry.A、combinationB、cooperationC、workD、partnership

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考题 To get well, ( ). A、we are going to give the patient a chemical treatmentB、the patient needs a chemical treatmentC、the doctors suggest a chemical treatment of the patientD、a chemical treatment is necessary

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考题 ______, as the chemical extinguisher agent, should be used for an electric fire.A.dry chemical or foamB.foam or soda acidC.carbon dioxide or foamD.carbon dioxide or dry chemical

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考题共用题干第一篇Genetic EngineeringGenetic engineering began when the DNA molecule（分子）,the most basic unit of life , was first described in 1953 by James Watson and Francis Crick.An understanding of DNA led to the altering of normal cell reproduction.Experiments with altering human cells began in 1970.In one of the first experiments,patients were injected with a virus that would produce a life-saving enzyme,but their bodies would not accept it.In 1980 patients with a rare but fatal blood disease were injected with a purified gene that was cloned through DNA technology.Another failure.Genetic engineering got a legal boost（激励）in 1980. The U. S. Supreme Court said that a patent couldbe granted on a genetically engineered "oil-eating" bacterium（细菌）.This bacterium would help clean up oil spills.The ruling encouraged companies to invent new life forms,and three important medical products were quickly developed.1.Human interferon（干扰素）—a possible solution to some cancers and viral diseases.A newly engineered bacterium produced human interferon as a by-product. This new product reduced the cost of interferon.2. Human growth hormone（荷尔蒙）一for children whose bodies do not grow to normal height. An expensive growth hormone was previously produced from human cadavers,but by changing the genetic make- up of the single-cell bacterium E.coli,and affordable growth hormone could be produced.3. Human insulin（胰岛素）一for the treatment of diabetes. People with diabetes used to rely on a beef- or-pork-based product until 1982.Now insulin can be manufactured by genetically altered bacteria.Advances in genetic engineering have continued,though they constantly must be weighed against the safety of procedures.There is clearly much more to discover.According to the passage, human interferon__________.A:is a hormone that causes diseaseB:could be used to treat cancerC:is a viral diseaseD:has been cured

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考题共用题干第二篇Late-night DrinkingCoffee lovers,be careful.Having a quick "pick-me-up" cup of coffee late in the day will interrupt your sleep. As well as being a stimulant（兴奋剂）,caffeine interrupts the flow of melatonin（褪黑激素）,thebrain hormone that sends people into a sleep.Melatonin levels normally start to rise about two hours before bedtime.Levels then peak between 2 am and 4 am , before falling again. " It 's the neurohormone（神经激素）that controls our sleep and tells our body when to sleep and when to wake,"says Maurice Ohayon of the Stanford Sleep Epidemiology Research Center at Stanford University in California. But researchers in Israel have found that caffeinated coffee halvesthe body'S levels of this sleep hormone.Lotan Shilo and a team at the Sapir Medical center in Tel Aviv University found that six volunteers sleptless well after a cup of caffeinated coffee than after drinking the same amount of decaf（脱咖啡因咖啡）.On average,subjects slept 336 minutes per night after drinking caffeinated coffee,compared with 415 minutes after decaf. They also took half an hour to drop off,twice as long as usual.In the second phase of the experiment,the researchers woke the volunteers every three hours and asked them to give a urine（尿）sample.Shilo measured concentrations of a breakdown product of melatonin.The results suggest that melatonin concentrations in caffeine drinkers were half those in decaf drinkers.In a paper accepted for publication in Sleep Medicine,the researchers suggest that caffeine blocks production of the enzyme（酶）that drives melatonin production.Because it can take many hours to eliminate caffeine from the body.Ohayon recommends that coffee lovers switch to decaf after lunch.Which of the following tells us how caffeine affects sleep?A:It blocks production of the enzyme that stops melatonin production.B:It interrupts the flow of the hormone that prevents people from sleeping.C:It halves the body's levels of sleep hormone.D:It stays in the body for many hours.

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考题共用题干第一篇Genetic EngineeringGenetic engineering began when the DNA molecule（分子）,the most basic unit of life , was first described in 1953 by James Watson and Francis Crick.An understanding of DNA led to the altering of normal cell reproduction.Experiments with altering human cells began in 1970.In one of the first experiments,patients were injected with a virus that would produce a life-saving enzyme,but their bodies would not accept it.In 1980 patients with a rare but fatal blood disease were injected with a purified gene that was cloned through DNA technology.Another failure.Genetic engineering got a legal boost（激励）in 1980. The U. S. Supreme Court said that a patent couldbe granted on a genetically engineered "oil-eating" bacterium（细菌）.This bacterium would help clean up oil spills.The ruling encouraged companies to invent new life forms,and three important medical products were quickly developed.1.Human interferon（干扰素）—a possible solution to some cancers and viral diseases.A newly engineered bacterium produced human interferon as a by-product. This new product reduced the cost of interferon.2. Human growth hormone（荷尔蒙）一for children whose bodies do not grow to normal height. An expensive growth hormone was previously produced from human cadavers,but by changing the genetic make- up of the single-cell bacterium E.coli,and affordable growth hormone could be produced.3. Human insulin（胰岛素）一for the treatment of diabetes. People with diabetes used to rely on a beef- or-pork-based product until 1982.Now insulin can be manufactured by genetically altered bacteria.Advances in genetic engineering have continued,though they constantly must be weighed against the safety of procedures.There is clearly much more to discover.In the last paragraph,the word" weighed"has the closest meaning with_________.A:had great influenceB:became a burdenC:considered carefullyD:measured accurately

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考题共用题干第二篇Night of the Living AntsWhen an ant dies,other ants move the dead insect out of the nest.This behavior is interesting to scien-tists,who wonder how ants know for sure一and so soon一that another ant is dead.Dong-Hwan Choe,a scientist at the University of California,found that Argentine ants have a chemical on the outside of their bodies that signals to other ants,"I'm dead一take me away."But there's a twist to Choe's discovery. These ants behave a little bit like zombies（僵尸）.Choe says that the living ants一not just the dead ones一have this death chemicals. In other words,while an ant crawls around,perhaps in a picnic or home,it's telling other ants that it's dead.What keeps ants from hauling away the living dead? Choe found that Argentine ants have two additional chemicals on their bodies,and these tell nearby ants something like,"Wait一I'm not dead yet."So Choe's research turned up two sets of chemical signals in ants:one says,"I'm dead,"the other set says,"I'm not dead yet."Other scientists have tried to figure out how ants know when another ant is dead.If an ant is knockedunconscious,other ants leave it alone until it wakes up.That means ants know that unmoving ants can still be alive.Choe suspects that when an Argentine ant dies,the chemical that says"Wait一I'm not dead yet"quickly goes away. Once that chemical is gone,only the one that says"I'm dead"is left."It's because the dead ant no longer smells like a living ant that it gets carried to the graveyard（墓地）,not because its body releases new,unique chemicals after death,"said Choe.When other ants detect the"dead"chemical without the"not dead yet" chemical,they haul away the body. This was Choe's hypothesis（假设）.To test his hypothesis,Choe and his team put different chemicals on Argentine ant pupae（蛹）.When the scientists used the"I'm dead"chemical,other ants quickly hauled the treated pupae away.When the sci-entists used the"Wait一I'm not dead yet"chemical,other ants left the treated pupae alone.Choe believes this behavior shows that the" not dead yet" chemical overrides（优先于）the" dead" chemical when picked up by adult ants.And that when an ant dies,the"not dead yet"chemical fades away.Other nearby ants then de-tect the remaining"dead"chemical and remove the body from the nest.According to Choe's hypothesis,_______________.A:an ant still smells like a living one when it diesB:the"I am dead"chemical leaves the ant's body when it diesC:the"I am not dead yet"chemical is left when an ant diesD:the"I am not dead yet"chemical quickly goes away when it dies

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考题共用题干第二篇Night of the Living AntsWhen an ant dies,other ants move the dead insect out of the nest.This behavior is interesting to scien-tists,who wonder how ants know for sure一and so soon一that another ant is dead.Dong-Hwan Choe,a scientist at the University of California,found that Argentine ants have a chemical on the outside of their bodies that signals to other ants,"I'm dead一take me away."But there's a twist to Choe's discovery. These ants behave a little bit like zombies（僵尸）.Choe says that the living ants一not just the dead ones一have this death chemicals. In other words,while an ant crawls around,perhaps in a picnic or home,it's telling other ants that it's dead.What keeps ants from hauling away the living dead? Choe found that Argentine ants have two additional chemicals on their bodies,and these tell nearby ants something like,"Wait一I'm not dead yet."So Choe's research turned up two sets of chemical signals in ants:one says,"I'm dead,"the other set says,"I'm not dead yet."Other scientists have tried to figure out how ants know when another ant is dead.If an ant is knockedunconscious,other ants leave it alone until it wakes up.That means ants know that unmoving ants can still be alive.Choe suspects that when an Argentine ant dies,the chemical that says"Wait一I'm not dead yet"quickly goes away. Once that chemical is gone,only the one that says"I'm dead"is left."It's because the dead ant no longer smells like a living ant that it gets carried to the graveyard（墓地）,not because its body releases new,unique chemicals after death,"said Choe.When other ants detect the"dead"chemical without the"not dead yet" chemical,they haul away the body. This was Choe's hypothesis（假设）.To test his hypothesis,Choe and his team put different chemicals on Argentine ant pupae（蛹）.When the scientists used the"I'm dead"chemical,other ants quickly hauled the treated pupae away.When the sci-entists used the"Wait一I'm not dead yet"chemical,other ants left the treated pupae alone.Choe believes this behavior shows that the" not dead yet" chemical overrides（优先于）the" dead" chemical when picked up by adult ants.And that when an ant dies,the"not dead yet"chemical fades away.Other nearby ants then de-tect the remaining"dead"chemical and remove the body from the nest.The passage"Night of the Living Ants"tells us about_______________.A:how an ant is moved out of the nest at nightB:what an ant does at nightC:how an ant finds its way in darknessD:what happens when an ant dies

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考题共用题干第二篇Night of the Living AntsWhen an ant dies,other ants move the dead insect out of the nest.This behavior is interesting to scien-tists,who wonder how ants know for sure一and so soon一that another ant is dead.Dong-Hwan Choe,a scientist at the University of California,found that Argentine ants have a chemical on the outside of their bodies that signals to other ants,"I'm dead一take me away."But there's a twist to Choe's discovery. These ants behave a little bit like zombies（僵尸）.Choe says that the living ants一not just the dead ones一have this death chemicals. In other words,while an ant crawls around,perhaps in a picnic or home,it's telling other ants that it's dead.What keeps ants from hauling away the living dead? Choe found that Argentine ants have two additional chemicals on their bodies,and these tell nearby ants something like,"Wait一I'm not dead yet."So Choe's research turned up two sets of chemical signals in ants:one says,"I'm dead,"the other set says,"I'm not dead yet."Other scientists have tried to figure out how ants know when another ant is dead.If an ant is knockedunconscious,other ants leave it alone until it wakes up.That means ants know that unmoving ants can still be alive.Choe suspects that when an Argentine ant dies,the chemical that says"Wait一I'm not dead yet"quickly goes away. Once that chemical is gone,only the one that says"I'm dead"is left."It's because the dead ant no longer smells like a living ant that it gets carried to the graveyard（墓地）,not because its body releases new,unique chemicals after death,"said Choe.When other ants detect the"dead"chemical without the"not dead yet" chemical,they haul away the body. This was Choe's hypothesis（假设）.To test his hypothesis,Choe and his team put different chemicals on Argentine ant pupae（蛹）.When the scientists used the"I'm dead"chemical,other ants quickly hauled the treated pupae away.When the sci-entists used the"Wait一I'm not dead yet"chemical,other ants left the treated pupae alone.Choe believes this behavior shows that the" not dead yet" chemical overrides（优先于）the" dead" chemical when picked up by adult ants.And that when an ant dies,the"not dead yet"chemical fades away.Other nearby ants then de-tect the remaining"dead"chemical and remove the body from the nest.Which of the following statements is NOT true of ants?A:Ants know very soon that?another ant is dead.B:When an ant is dead,others move its body out of the nest.C:If an ant is unconscious,it is moved out of the nest.D:Living ants have the"I'm dead"chemical on their bodies.

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考题共用题干第二篇Night of the Living AntsWhen an ant dies,other ants move the dead insect out of the nest.This behavior is interesting to scien-tists,who wonder how ants know for sure一and so soon一that another ant is dead.Dong-Hwan Choe,a scientist at the University of California,found that Argentine ants have a chemical on the outside of their bodies that signals to other ants,"I'm dead一take me away."But there's a twist to Choe's discovery. These ants behave a little bit like zombies（僵尸）.Choe says that the living ants一not just the dead ones一have this death chemicals. In other words,while an ant crawls around,perhaps in a picnic or home,it's telling other ants that it's dead.What keeps ants from hauling away the living dead? Choe found that Argentine ants have two additional chemicals on their bodies,and these tell nearby ants something like,"Wait一I'm not dead yet."So Choe's research turned up two sets of chemical signals in ants:one says,"I'm dead,"the other set says,"I'm not dead yet."Other scientists have tried to figure out how ants know when another ant is dead.If an ant is knockedunconscious,other ants leave it alone until it wakes up.That means ants know that unmoving ants can still be alive.Choe suspects that when an Argentine ant dies,the chemical that says"Wait一I'm not dead yet"quickly goes away. Once that chemical is gone,only the one that says"I'm dead"is left."It's because the dead ant no longer smells like a living ant that it gets carried to the graveyard（墓地）,not because its body releases new,unique chemicals after death,"said Choe.When other ants detect the"dead"chemical without the"not dead yet" chemical,they haul away the body. This was Choe's hypothesis（假设）.To test his hypothesis,Choe and his team put different chemicals on Argentine ant pupae（蛹）.When the scientists used the"I'm dead"chemical,other ants quickly hauled the treated pupae away.When the sci-entists used the"Wait一I'm not dead yet"chemical,other ants left the treated pupae alone.Choe believes this behavior shows that the" not dead yet" chemical overrides（优先于）the" dead" chemical when picked up by adult ants.And that when an ant dies,the"not dead yet"chemical fades away.Other nearby ants then de-tect the remaining"dead"chemical and remove the body from the nest.What is meant by"death chemical"mentioned in Paragraph 3?A:A chemical that contains poison.B:A chemical that causes death.C:A chemical that announces death.D:A chemical that prevents death.

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考题共用题干第一篇ObesityObesity refers to the medical condition characterized by storage of excess body fat. The human body naturally stores fat tissue under the skin and around organs and joints.Fat is critical for good health because it is a source of energy when the body lacks the energy necessary to sustain life processes,and it provides insulation and protection for internal organs.But too much fat in the body is associated with a variety of health problems.Most physicians use the body mass index(BMI)to determine desirable weights.BMI is calculated as weight divided by height and people with a BMI of 27 or above are considered obese.Weight-height tables,such as those published by the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company,are also used as general measures of desirable weight ranges.These tables assign a range of weights for a particular height.For example,a man of 1.8m has a desirable range of 66 to 83 kg,with an average of 75 kg. A woman who is 1.6 m has a desirable range between 53 and 70 kg,with an average of 62 kg.The BMI and weight-height tables only provide rough estimates of desirable weights and scientists recognize that many other factors besides height affect weight. Weight alone may not be an indicator of fat,as in the case of a body-builder who may have a high BMI because of a high percentage of muscle tissue,which weighs more than fat. Likewise,a person with a sedentary lifestyle may be within a desirable weight range but have excess fat tissue.Obesity increases the risk of developing disease.According to some estimates,almost 70 percent of heart disease cases are linked to excess body fat,and obese people are more than twice as likely to develop high blood pressure.Obese women are at nearly twice the risk for developing breast cancer,and all obese people have an estimated 42 percent higher chance of developing colon cancer. The risk of medical complications particularly heart disease increases when body fat is distributed around the waist,especially in the abdomen.This type of upper body fat distribution is more common in men than in women.The social and psychological problems experienced by obese people are also formidable.Stereotypes about"fat"people are often translated into discriminatory practices in education,employment, and social relationships.The consequences of being obese in a world where people had better be "thin"are especially severe for women,whose appearances are often judged against and ideal of exaggerated slimness.If a woman is I.6m tall and weighs 49 kg,she__________.A:is considered within the desirable weight-height rangeB:is definitely unhealthyC:should be considered fatD:should not be considered unhealthy

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考题激素(hormone)

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考题激素受体（hormone receptor）

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考题激素效应元件（hormone response elements, HRE）

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考题内分泌激素(hormone)

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考题单选题Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage?A Most moods and actions are not voluntary because they are actually produced by the production of hormones in the body.B Because the effects of hormones are difficult to measure, scientists remain unsure how far-reaching their effects on moods and actions are.C When the body is not producing enough hormones, urgent treatment may be necessary to avoid psychological damage.D The influence of many hormones is not easy to measure, but they can affect both people’s psychology and actions extensively.

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考题单选题Which of the following is the CORRECT explanation of “enzyme” (Para. 6)?A A kind of chemical hormone that is produced by human body.B A kind of protein that act as catalyst in diagnosing lactose.C A kind of fungus that can be used to decompose lactose.D A kind of gene that is called lactase.

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考题单选题（）as the chemical extinguisher agent, should be used for a an electric fire.A Dry chemical or foamB Foam or soda acidC carbon dioxide or foamD carbon dioxide or dry chemical

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考题单选题Which of the following sentences explains the primary goal of hormone replacement therapy?A The quantities and proportions of hormones produce change with age, so scientists have given a great deal of study to shifts in the endocrine system over time in the hopes of alleviating ailments associated with aging.B A combination of estrogen and progesterone has been prescribed for decades to women who want to reduce mood swings, sudden changes in body temperature, and other discomforts caused by lower natural levels of those hormones as they enter middle age.C HRT may also increase the likelihood that blood clots—dangerous because they could travel through the bloodstream and block major blood vessels—will form.D Because of the complicated effects growth hormone has on the body, such treatments are generally restricted to children who would be pathologically small in stature without it.

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考题问答题Chemistry is the study of the behavior and composition of matter. All foods aremade up of chemical substance which undergoes chemical changes when cooking　　 1．______in an oven or digested within the body. The cooking of meat and vegetables induce　2．______chemical changes, making it more delicious; similarly the leavening action of　　　3．______baking powder is a straightforward chemical change, as is the conversion ofstarch into sweet sugars by digestion.Cookery is a science requiring a knowledge of chemistry.　　　　　　　　　　　 4．______This is evident from the variety of cooking products and food additives availableas cooking oils, fats, colorings, sweeteners, tenderizers, flavorings, screamingagents, preservatives, etc. Each is carefully prepared before painstaking　　　　　5．______research.　　It is therefore essential for trained cookers to understand　　　　　　　　　　6．______chemical science in order to appreciate the chemistry nature of foods　　　　　　　7．______and the changes achieving on cooking. Homeworkers should also　　　　　　　　 8．______know cleansing agents and textiles used in the home and how the latter　　　　　　 9．______responds to the effects of heat, light, water, and chemical cleansing agents.　　　10．______

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考题名词解释题激素受体（hormone receptor）

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考题名词解释题激素(hormone)

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考题单选题Such essentially different stimulants as cold, drugs, and grief can provoke identical chemical reactions in the body.A illness B weather C sorrow D travel

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