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共用题干
Searching for Smiles
1 Ask most people anywhere in the world what they want out of life and the reply will
probably be:"to be happy."Ed Deiner,an American psychology professor,has spent his
whole professional life studying what makes people happy,comparing levels of happiness
between cultures and trying to find out exactly why we enjoy ourselves.
2 Many people would say that this question does not need an answer.But Professor Deiner
has one anyway."If you're a cheerful,happy person,your marriage is more likely to last,and
you're more likely to make money and be successful at your job.On average,happy people
have stronger immune（免疫的）systems, and there is some evidence that they live longer."
3 So who are the world's happiest people?It depends on how the word is defined.There
is individual happiness,the sense of joy we get when we do something we like.But there is
also the feeling of satisfaction we get when we know that others respect us and approve of
how we behave.According to Professor Deiner,the Western world pursues individual
happiness while Asia prefers mutual satisfaction.
4 "In the West, the individualistic（个人主义的）culture means that your mood matters
much more than it does in the East.People ask themselves,what can I do that's fun or
interesting?They become unhappy when they can't do any of these things.If you ask
people from Japan or China if they are happy,they tend to look at what has gone wrong in
their lives.If not much has gone wrong,then they are satisfied."
5 People from Spain and other Spanish-speaking countries had the happiest culture,Professor
Deiner found."The biggest cultural difference is to do with pride and shame.Hispanic（西班牙
语言的）cultures report much more pride and much less shame than others."
6 Income also made a big difference to people's happiness,but only at the lowest levels.
Average income earners in the US were much happier than people in poverty.But
millionaires were only a little bit happier than people on average incomes.It seems that
money makes us happy when we have enough to feel secure.
7 But can we be too happy? "You get people who are actually happy,but they think
happiness is so important that they try to be even happier.This desire to be always happy is
a product of individualism,where the emphasis is on you individually,your emotions and
feeling good.People can end up feeling unhappy because ordinary happiness is not good
enough for them."
Searching for Smiles
1 Ask most people anywhere in the world what they want out of life and the reply will
probably be:"to be happy."Ed Deiner,an American psychology professor,has spent his
whole professional life studying what makes people happy,comparing levels of happiness
between cultures and trying to find out exactly why we enjoy ourselves.
2 Many people would say that this question does not need an answer.But Professor Deiner
has one anyway."If you're a cheerful,happy person,your marriage is more likely to last,and
you're more likely to make money and be successful at your job.On average,happy people
have stronger immune（免疫的）systems, and there is some evidence that they live longer."
3 So who are the world's happiest people?It depends on how the word is defined.There
is individual happiness,the sense of joy we get when we do something we like.But there is
also the feeling of satisfaction we get when we know that others respect us and approve of
how we behave.According to Professor Deiner,the Western world pursues individual
happiness while Asia prefers mutual satisfaction.
4 "In the West, the individualistic（个人主义的）culture means that your mood matters
much more than it does in the East.People ask themselves,what can I do that's fun or
interesting?They become unhappy when they can't do any of these things.If you ask
people from Japan or China if they are happy,they tend to look at what has gone wrong in
their lives.If not much has gone wrong,then they are satisfied."
5 People from Spain and other Spanish-speaking countries had the happiest culture,Professor
Deiner found."The biggest cultural difference is to do with pride and shame.Hispanic（西班牙
语言的）cultures report much more pride and much less shame than others."
6 Income also made a big difference to people's happiness,but only at the lowest levels.
Average income earners in the US were much happier than people in poverty.But
millionaires were only a little bit happier than people on average incomes.It seems that
money makes us happy when we have enough to feel secure.
7 But can we be too happy? "You get people who are actually happy,but they think
happiness is so important that they try to be even happier.This desire to be always happy is
a product of individualism,where the emphasis is on you individually,your emotions and
feeling good.People can end up feeling unhappy because ordinary happiness is not good
enough for them."
Paragraph 2_________
A:Happiest Culture
B:An Unhappy Person
C:Definition of Happiness
D:Cultural Differences in Happiness
E:Reasons to Be Happy
F:Individual and Ordinary Happiness
A:Happiest Culture
B:An Unhappy Person
C:Definition of Happiness
D:Cultural Differences in Happiness
E:Reasons to Be Happy
F:Individual and Ordinary Happiness
参考答案
参考解析
解析：
更多 “共用题干 Searching for Smiles1 Ask most people anywhere in the world what they want out of life and the reply will probably be:"to be happy."Ed Deiner,an American psychology professor,has spent his whole professional life studying what makes people happy,comparing levels of happiness between cultures and trying to find out exactly why we enjoy ourselves.2 Many people would say that this question does not need an answer.But Professor Deinerhas one anyway."If you're a cheerful,happy person,your marriage is more likely to last,and you're more likely to make money and be successful at your job.On average,happy people have stronger immune（免疫的）systems, and there is some evidence that they live longer."3 So who are the world's happiest people?It depends on how the word is defined.There is individual happiness,the sense of joy we get when we do something we like.But there isalso the feeling of satisfaction we get when we know that others respect us and approve of how we behave.According to Professor Deiner,the Western world pursues individual happiness while Asia prefers mutual satisfaction.4 "In the West, the individualistic（个人主义的）culture means that your mood matters much more than it does in the East.People ask themselves,what can I do that's fun orinteresting?They become unhappy when they can't do any of these things.If you ask people from Japan or China if they are happy,they tend to look at what has gone wrong in their lives.If not much has gone wrong,then they are satisfied."5 People from Spain and other Spanish-speaking countries had the happiest culture,Professor Deiner found."The biggest cultural difference is to do with pride and shame.Hispanic（西班牙语言的）cultures report much more pride and much less shame than others."6 Income also made a big difference to people's happiness,but only at the lowest levels.Average income earners in the US were much happier than people in poverty.But millionaires were only a little bit happier than people on average incomes.It seems that money makes us happy when we have enough to feel secure.7 But can we be too happy? "You get people who are actually happy,but they think happiness is so important that they try to be even happier.This desire to be always happy isa product of individualism,where the emphasis is on you individually,your emotions and feeling good.People can end up feeling unhappy because ordinary happiness is not good enough for them."Paragraph 2_________A:Happiest CultureB:An Unhappy PersonC:Definition of HappinessD:Cultural Differences in HappinessE:Reasons to Be HappyF:Individual and Ordinary Happiness” 相关考题
考题
He spent much of his life in the rich, lazy, corrupt Greek city of Corinth, mocking and satirizing its people, and occasionally () one of them.
A、convertingB、subscriptionC、proceedD、linger
考题
According to the passage, which of the following statement is true? __________.A． People can know happiness at any age.B． A happy person lives a successful life.C． Enjoying what you have can make you happy.D． Parents want to pursue the study of happiness.
考题
In real life, what kind of reading serves people’s immediate needs or wishes?()
A.read for entertainmentB.read for survivalC.read for learningD.read for life
考题
When we talk about intelligence we do not mean the ability to get good scores on certain kinds of tests or even the ability to do well in school. By intelligence we mean a way of living and behaving, especially in a new situation. If we want to test intelligence, we need to find out how a person acts instead of how much he knows to do.For example, when in a new situation, an intelligent person thinks about the situation, not about himself or what might happen to him. He tries to find out all he can do, and then he acts immediately and tries to do something about it. He probably isn’t sure how it all works out, but at least he tries. And if he cannot make things work out right, he doesn’t feel ashamed that he failed, he just tries to learn from his mistakes. An intelligent person, even if he is very young, has a special outlook in life, a special feeling about life, and a special way of how he fits into it.If you look at children, you’ll see a great difference between what we call ”bright” children and “not bright” children. They are actually two different kinds of people, not just the same kind with different amounts of intelligence. For example, the bright child really wants to find out about life—he tries to get in touch with everything around him. But the unintelligent child keeps more to himself and his own dream world; he seems to have a wall between him and life in general1、According to this passage, intelligence is the ability to______.A、work by oneself do well in anyB、situationC、know what is right and wrongD、adapt oneself to a new situation2、In a new situation, an intelligent person ____________.A、knows more about what might happen to himB、is well-prepared for his actionC、pays greater attention to the situationD、completely ignores himself3、If an intelligent person failed, he would ________A、feel ashamed about the failureB、learn from his experiencesC、find out what he can’t doD、make sure what’s wrong withhis outlook in life4、An intelligent child ________A、learns more about himselfB、shows interest in things around himC、studies everything that may be interestingD、looks down upon unintelligent children5、Why does an unintelligent child seem to have a wall between him and life in general?A、Because he can hardly see the outside world.B、Because life is far away from him.C、Because he knows nothing about life in general.D、Because he has little interest in things around himself.
考题
Many visitors finds the fast pace at which American people move very troubling. One’s first impression is likely to be that everyone is in a rush. City people always appear to be hurrying to get where they are going and are very impatient if they are delayed even for a brief moment. At first, this may seem unfriendly to you. Drivers will rush you; storekeepers will be in a hurry as they serve you; people will push past you as they walk along the street. You will miss smiles, brief conversations with people as you shop or dine away from home. Do not think that because Americans are in such a hurry they are unfriendly. Often, life is much slower outside the big cities, as is true in other countries as well. Americans who live in cities such as New York, Chicago, or Los Angeles, often think that everyone is equally in a hurry to get things done; they expect others to “push back”, just as city people do in Tokyo, Singapore or Paris, for example. But when they discover that you are a stranger, most Americans become quite kindly and will take great care to help you. Many of them first came to the city as strangers and they remember how frightening a new city can be .If you need help or want to ask a question, choose a friendly looking person and say, “I am a stranger here. Can you help me?” Most people will stop, smile at you, and help you find you way or answer your questions. But you must let them know that you need help. Otherwise they are likely to pass you by, not noticing that you are new to the city and in need of help. Occasionally, you may find someone too busy or perhaps too rushed to give you aid. If this happens, do not be discouraged; just ask someone else. Most Americans enjoy helping a stranger.1.Many people who first visit the United States will find that _______.A、 America is a highly developed countryB、 American city people seem to be always in a rushC、 the fast pace in American life often causes much troubleD、 Americans are impatient and unfriendly people2.When the author says “You will miss smile”, he means ___________.A、 you will fail to notice that Americans are pleasant and happyB、 you will be puzzled why Americans do not smile at youC、 you will feel that Americans do not seem very friendlyD、 you will find that Americans don't have much sense of humor3.In the author’s opinion, ___________.A、 it is true that life in New York is much faster than that in any other cityB、 people living outside big cities are lazy and miserableC、 most American people enjoy living in the suburbs of big citiesD、 those who are busy are not necessarily unfriendly4.The life pace in cities is much ___________ than the one outside cities.A、 fasterB、 slowerC、 happierD、 sadder5.If you say to an American that you are a stranger there, most probably he will _________.A、 offer his helpB、 stop smiling at youC、 help you find the wayD、 reply that he is pleased to meet you
考题
Many young people in the West are expected to leave __ could be life' s most important decision -- marriage -- almost entirely up to luck.A. as B. that C. which D. what
考题
What did Mishap desire most in his childood?A.A colorful life.B.A beaunful houseC.Peace and freedomD.Money for his family
考题
How often one hears children wishing they were grown up，and old people wishing they were young again. Each age has its pleasures and its pains，and the happiest person is the one who enjoys what each age gives him without wasting his time in useless regrets.Childhood is a time when there are few responsibilities. If a child has good parents，he is well fed，looked after and loved. It is unlikely that he will ever again in his life be given so much without having to do anything in return. In addition，life is always presenting new things to the child-things that have lost their，interest for older people because they are too well known. A child finds pleasure in playing in the rain，or in the snow. His first，visit to the seaside is a marvelous adventure. But a child has his pains：he is not so free to do as he wishes as he thinks older people are；he is continually being told what to do and what not to do. Therefore，a child is not happy as he wishes to be.When the young man starts to earn his own living，he becomes free from the discipline of school and parents；but at the same time he is forced to accept responsibilities. With no one to pay for his food，his clothes，or his room，he has to work if he wants to live comfortably. If he spends most of his time playing about in the way that he used to as a child，he will go hungry. And if he breaks the laws of society as he used to break the laws of his parents，he may get himself into trouble. If，however，he works hard，goes by the law and has good health，he may feel satisfied in seeing himself make steady progress in his job and in building up for himself his own position in society.Old age has always been thought of as the worst age to be；but it is not necessary for the old to be unhappy. With old age comes wisdom and the ability to help others with advice wisely given. The old can have the joy of seeing their children making progress in life；they can watch their grandchildren growing up around them；and，perhaps best of all，they can，if their life has been a useful one，feel the happiness of having come through the battle of life safely and of having reached a time when they can lie back and rest，leaving everything to others.The happiest people should be those who______.A．face up to difficulties in lifeB．hope to be young againC．enjoy life in different agesD．wish to be grown up
考题
请阅读短文，完成此题。
Move over Methuselah. Future generations could be living well into their second century andstill doing Sudoku, if life expectancy predictions are true. Increasing by two years every decade,they show no signs of flattening out. Average lifespan worldwide is already double what it was 200years ago. Since the 1980s, experts thought the increase in life expectancy would slow down andthen stop, but forecasters have repeatedly been proved wrong.
The reason behind the steady rise in life expectancy is "the decline in the death rate of theelderly", says Professor Tom Kirkwood from Newcastle University. He maintains that our bodies areevolving to maintain and repair themselves better and our genes are investing in this process to putoff the damage which will eventually lead to death. As a result, there is no ceiling imposed by thereahties of the ageing process."There is no use-by-date when we age. Ageing is not a fixed biological process," Tom says.
A large study of people aged 85 and over carried out by Professor Kirkwood discovered that there were a remarkable number of people enjoying good health and independence in their late 80s and beyond. With people reaching old age in better shape, it is safe to assume that this is all due to better eating habits, living conditions, education and medicine.
There are still many people who suffer from major health problems, but modem medicine means doctors are better at managing long-term health conditions like diabetes, high blood pressure and heart disease."We are reaching old age with less accumulative damage than previous generations. We are less damaged," says Professor Kirkwood. Our softer lives and the improvements in nutrition and healthcare have had a direct impact on longevity.
Nearly one-in-five people currently in the UK will live to see their lOOth birthday, the Office for National Statistics predicted last year. Life expectancy at birth has continued to increase in the UK--from 73.4 years for the period 1991 to 1993 to 77.85 years for 2007 to 2009. A report in Science from 2002 which looked at life expectancy patterns in different countries since 1840 concluded that there was no sign of a natural limit to life.
Researchers Jim Oeppen and Dr. James Vaupel found that people in the country with the highest life expectancy would live to an average age of 100 in about six decades. But they stoppedshort of predicting anything more.
"This is far from eternity: modest annual increments in life expectancy will never lead toimmortality," the researchers said.
We do not seem to be approaching anything like the limits of life expectancy, says Professor David Leon from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. "There has been no flattening out of the best of the best--the groups which everyone knows have good life expectancy and low mortalit_y"he says.
These groups, which tend to be in the higher social and economic groups in society, can live for several years longer than people in lower social groups, prompting calls for an end to inequalities within societies.
Within populations, genes also have an important role to play in determining how long we could survive for---but environment is still the most important factor.
It is no surprise that healthy-living societies like Japan have the highest life expectancies in the world. But it would still be incredible to think that life expectancy could go on rising forever. "I would bet there will be further increases in life expectancy and then it will probably begin to slow," says Tom, "but we just donTt know."
Which statement below is TRUE concerning life expectancy according to the passage?
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A．Life expectancy goes on rising forever.
B．There could be further increases in life expectancy.
C．Life expectancy has slowed down since 1980s and it will stop.
D．Life expectancy in Japan doubles what it was 200 years ago.
考题
共用题干
It is well-known that life expectancy is longer in Japan than in most other countries.A _________(51)report also shows that Japan has the longest health expectancy in the world.A healthy long life is the result of___________(52)in social environment.Scientists are trying to work__________(53)exactly what keeps elderly Japanese people so healthy,and whether there is a lesson to be__________(54)from their lifestyles for the rest of us. Should we___________(55)any changes to our eating habits,for instance,or go jogging each day before breakfast?Is there some secret__________(56)in the Japanese diet that is particularly __________(57)to the human body?Another factor___________(58)to the rapid population aging in Japan is a decline in birthrate. Although longer life should be celebrated,it is___________(59)considered a social problem. The number of older people had_________(60)in the last half century and that has increased pension and medical costs.The country could soon be__________(61)an economic problem,if there are so many old people to be looked_________(62)and relatively few younger people working and paying taxes to support them.__________(63)the retirement age from 65 to 70 could be one solution to the problem. Work can give the elderly a____________(64)of responsibility and mission in life.It's important that the elderly play active_________(65)in the society and live in harmony with all generations._________(58)A:contributing B:helpingC:resulting D:causing
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共用题干
第三篇No one knows exactly how many disabled people there are in the world,but estimates suggest the figure is over 450 million.The number of disabled people in India alone is probably more than double the total population of Canada.In the United Kingdom,about one in ten people have some disability. Disability is not just something that happens to other people.As we get older,many of us will become less mobile,hard of hearing or have failing eyesight.Disablement can take many forms and happen at any time of life.Some people are born with disabilities.Many others become disabled as they get older. There are many progressive disabling diseases.The longer time goes on,the worse they become.Some people are disabled in accidents. Many others may have disability in the form of a mental illness.All are affected by people's attitude towards them.Disabled people face many physical barriers.Next time you go shopping or to work or visit friends,imagine what would you do if you could not get up steps,or on to buses and trains?What would you do if you could not see where you were going or could not hear the traffic?But there are other barriers:prejudice（偏见）can be even harder to break down and ignorance represents by far the greatest barrier of all.It is almost impossible for the able-bodied to fully understand what the disabled go through,so it is important to draw attention to these barriers and show that it is the individual person and their ability,not their disability,which counts.The first paragraph points out that_________.A:there are many disabled people in the worldB:the number of disabled people in India is the greatestC:India has not much more disabled people than CanadaD:it is possible to get an exact number of the world's disabled people
考题
共用题干
第三篇No one knows exactly how many disabled people there are in the world,but estimates suggest the figure is over 450 million.The number of disabled people in India alone is probably more than double the total population of Canada.In the United Kingdom,about one in ten people have some disability. Disability is not just something that happens to other people.As we get older,many of us will become less mobile,hard of hearing or have failing eyesight.Disablement can take many forms and happen at any time of life.Some people are born with disabilities.Many others become disabled as they get older. There are many progressive disabling diseases.The longer time goes on,the worse they become.Some people are disabled in accidents. Many others may have disability in the form of a mental illness.All are affected by people's attitude towards them.Disabled people face many physical barriers.Next time you go shopping or to work or visit friends,imagine what would you do if you could not get up steps,or on to buses and trains?What would you do if you could not see where you were going or could not hear the traffic?But there are other barriers:prejudice（偏见）can be even harder to break down and ignorance represents by far the greatest barrier of all.It is almost impossible for the able-bodied to fully understand what the disabled go through,so it is important to draw attention to these barriers and show that it is the individual person and their ability,not their disability,which counts.The last word of the passage "counts" most probably means________.A:is most important B:is consideredC:is included D:is numbered
考题
共用题干
It is well-known that life expectancy is longer in Japan than in most other countries.A _________(51)report also shows that Japan has the longest health expectancy in the world.A healthy long life is the result of___________(52)in social environment.Scientists are trying to work__________(53)exactly what keeps elderly Japanese people so healthy,and whether there is a lesson to be__________(54)from their lifestyles for the rest of us. Should we___________(55)any changes to our eating habits,for instance,or go jogging each day before breakfast?Is there some secret__________(56)in the Japanese diet that is particularly __________(57)to the human body?Another factor___________(58)to the rapid population aging in Japan is a decline in birthrate. Although longer life should be celebrated,it is___________(59)considered a social problem. The number of older people had_________(60)in the last half century and that has increased pension and medical costs.The country could soon be__________(61)an economic problem,if there are so many old people to be looked_________(62)and relatively few younger people working and paying taxes to support them.__________(63)the retirement age from 65 to 70 could be one solution to the problem. Work can give the elderly a____________(64)of responsibility and mission in life.It's important that the elderly play active_________(65)in the society and live in harmony with all generations._________(62)A:for B:afterC:over D:out
考题
根据下面资料，回答题
Almost everyone suffers from a headache 21 (occasional). But some people suffer from repeated, frequent headaches.
What is headache What causes it What can you do about a headache What research is being done on headaches The dictionary defines headache simply 22 "a pain in the head". 23 most people mean by headache 24 (be) a pain that lasts several minutes or hours. It covers the whole head, or one side of it, or perhaps the front or the back of the head. To add to the confusion about a definition, some people call tight feeling in the head a headache.
A headache is important because 25 can be the first warning of a serious condition which probably could be controlled 26 discovered early. If a person 27 (remove) the warning, day after day, with a pain-killer, he may pass the point of easy control.
A headache is important also because it disturbs people, 28 (prevent) them from living a happy life. The 29 (employ) with a headache does less work. In a flash of temper he may upset his fellow 30 (guy) or customers, causing a direct or indirect loss to his organization. The mother with a headache suffers and disturbs the family. She upsets her husband and children.
考题
根据下面资料，回答
A proverb from ancient China was widely spread in the West: "If you want to be happy for a few hours, go to get drunk; if you want the happiness to last three years, get married; if you want lifetime happiness, take up gardening." The reason for the last is this: Gardening is not only useful, but it helps you to identify yourself with nature, and thus brings you new joy each day besides improving your health.
A research of a US university that I′ve read gives a definition of happiness as what makes a person feel comfortably pleased. To put it simply, happiness is an active state of mind where one thinks one′ s life is meaningful, satisfactory and comfortable. This should be something lasting rather than transitory.
Lots of people regard it the happiest to be at leisure. But according to a study, it is not a person with plenty of leisure but one at work that feels happy, especially those busy with work having little time for leisure. Happiness does not mean gains one is after but a desire to harvest what one is seeking for. People often do not treasure what they already have but desire what they cannot get. That is somewhat like a man with fond dreams of numerous lovers while unwilling to settle down with the woman beside him.
Happiness is a game balancing between two ends--what one has and what one wishes for, i.e. one′s dream and the possibility to realize it. The study comes to this conclusion: A happy man is one who aims high but never forgets his actual situation; one who meets challenges that develop his ability and potentiality; one who′s proud of his achievements and the recognition given to him. He has self-respect and self-confidence; treasures his own identity and loves freedom. He is sociable and enjoys wide range communication with others; he′s helpful and ready to accept assistance. He knows he is able to bear sufferings and failures; he is sensible enough to get fun from daily work. He is a man capable of love and passion.
The research of the US university found that most people feel happy when they_____________.A.are after their goals
B.work as gardeners
C.are at leisure
D.have great leisure
考题
根据下面资料，回答
A proverb from ancient China was widely spread in the West: "If you want to be happy for a few hours, go to get drunk; if you want the happiness to last three years, get married; if you want lifetime happiness, take up gardening." The reason for the last is this: Gardening is not only useful, but it helps you to identify yourself with nature, and thus brings you new joy each day besides improving your health.
A research of a US university that I′ve read gives a definition of happiness as what makes a person feel comfortably pleased. To put it simply, happiness is an active state of mind where one thinks one′ s life is meaningful, satisfactory and comfortable. This should be something lasting rather than transitory.
Lots of people regard it the happiest to be at leisure. But according to a study, it is not a person with plenty of leisure but one at work that feels happy, especially those busy with work having little time for leisure. Happiness does not mean gains one is after but a desire to harvest what one is seeking for. People often do not treasure what they already have but desire what they cannot get. That is somewhat like a man with fond dreams of numerous lovers while unwilling to settle down with the woman beside him.
Happiness is a game balancing between two ends--what one has and what one wishes for, i.e. one′s dream and the possibility to realize it. The study comes to this conclusion: A happy man is one who aims high but never forgets his actual situation; one who meets challenges that develop his ability and potentiality; one who′s proud of his achievements and the recognition given to him. He has self-respect and self-confidence; treasures his own identity and loves freedom. He is sociable and enjoys wide range communication with others; he′s helpful and ready to accept assistance. He knows he is able to bear sufferings and failures; he is sensible enough to get fun from daily work. He is a man capable of love and passion.
From the passage we know that happiness is _____________.A.a transitory state of mind
B.getting everything what one is eager for
C.a desire based on our actual situation
D.an all-working and no-leisure life
考题
共用题干
Searching for Smiles1 Ask most people anywhere in the world what they want out of life and the reply will probably be:"to be happy."Ed Deiner,an American psychology professor,has spent his whole professional life studying what makes people happy,comparing levels of happiness between cultures and trying to find out exactly why we enjoy ourselves.2 Many people would say that this question does not need an answer.But Professor Deinerhas one anyway."If you're a cheerful,happy person,your marriage is more likely to last,and you're more likely to make money and be successful at your job.On average,happy people have stronger immune（免疫的）systems, and there is some evidence that they live longer."3 So who are the world's happiest people?It depends on how the word is defined.There is individual happiness,the sense of joy we get when we do something we like.But there isalso the feeling of satisfaction we get when we know that others respect us and approve of how we behave.According to Professor Deiner,the Western world pursues individual happiness while Asia prefers mutual satisfaction.4 "In the West, the individualistic（个人主义的）culture means that your mood matters much more than it does in the East.People ask themselves,what can I do that's fun orinteresting?They become unhappy when they can't do any of these things.If you ask people from Japan or China if they are happy,they tend to look at what has gone wrong in their lives.If not much has gone wrong,then they are satisfied."5 People from Spain and other Spanish-speaking countries had the happiest culture,Professor Deiner found."The biggest cultural difference is to do with pride and shame.Hispanic（西班牙语言的）cultures report much more pride and much less shame than others."6 Income also made a big difference to people's happiness,but only at the lowest levels.Average income earners in the US were much happier than people in poverty.But millionaires were only a little bit happier than people on average incomes.It seems that money makes us happy when we have enough to feel secure.7 But can we be too happy? "You get people who are actually happy,but they think happiness is so important that they try to be even happier.This desire to be always happy isa product of individualism,where the emphasis is on you individually,your emotions and feeling good.People can end up feeling unhappy because ordinary happiness is not good enough for them."Professor Deiner believes that a happy person is less prone（易患）to_________.A:a questionB:ordinary happinessC:individualismD:cultural differencesE:muchF:illnesses
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Searching for Smiles1 Ask most people anywhere in the world what they want out of life and the reply will probably be:"to be happy."Ed Deiner,an American psychology professor,has spent his whole professional life studying what makes people happy,comparing levels of happiness between cultures and trying to find out exactly why we enjoy ourselves.2 Many people would say that this question does not need an answer.But Professor Deinerhas one anyway."If you're a cheerful,happy person,your marriage is more likely to last,and you're more likely to make money and be successful at your job.On average,happy people have stronger immune（免疫的）systems, and there is some evidence that they live longer."3 So who are the world's happiest people?It depends on how the word is defined.There is individual happiness,the sense of joy we get when we do something we like.But there isalso the feeling of satisfaction we get when we know that others respect us and approve of how we behave.According to Professor Deiner,the Western world pursues individual happiness while Asia prefers mutual satisfaction.4 "In the West, the individualistic（个人主义的）culture means that your mood matters much more than it does in the East.People ask themselves,what can I do that's fun orinteresting?They become unhappy when they can't do any of these things.If you ask people from Japan or China if they are happy,they tend to look at what has gone wrong in their lives.If not much has gone wrong,then they are satisfied."5 People from Spain and other Spanish-speaking countries had the happiest culture,Professor Deiner found."The biggest cultural difference is to do with pride and shame.Hispanic（西班牙语言的）cultures report much more pride and much less shame than others."6 Income also made a big difference to people's happiness,but only at the lowest levels.Average income earners in the US were much happier than people in poverty.But millionaires were only a little bit happier than people on average incomes.It seems that money makes us happy when we have enough to feel secure.7 But can we be too happy? "You get people who are actually happy,but they think happiness is so important that they try to be even happier.This desire to be always happy isa product of individualism,where the emphasis is on you individually,your emotions and feeling good.People can end up feeling unhappy because ordinary happiness is not good enough for them."Professor Deiner has spent many years studying_________in happiness.A:a questionB:ordinary happinessC:individualismD:cultural differencesE:muchF:illnesses
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Searching for Smiles1 Ask most people anywhere in the world what they want out of life and the reply will probably be:"to be happy."Ed Deiner,an American psychology professor,has spent his whole professional life studying what makes people happy,comparing levels of happiness between cultures and trying to find out exactly why we enjoy ourselves.2 Many people would say that this question does not need an answer.But Professor Deinerhas one anyway."If you're a cheerful,happy person,your marriage is more likely to last,and you're more likely to make money and be successful at your job.On average,happy people have stronger immune（免疫的）systems, and there is some evidence that they live longer."3 So who are the world's happiest people?It depends on how the word is defined.There is individual happiness,the sense of joy we get when we do something we like.But there isalso the feeling of satisfaction we get when we know that others respect us and approve of how we behave.According to Professor Deiner,the Western world pursues individual happiness while Asia prefers mutual satisfaction.4 "In the West, the individualistic（个人主义的）culture means that your mood matters much more than it does in the East.People ask themselves,what can I do that's fun orinteresting?They become unhappy when they can't do any of these things.If you ask people from Japan or China if they are happy,they tend to look at what has gone wrong in their lives.If not much has gone wrong,then they are satisfied."5 People from Spain and other Spanish-speaking countries had the happiest culture,Professor Deiner found."The biggest cultural difference is to do with pride and shame.Hispanic（西班牙语言的）cultures report much more pride and much less shame than others."6 Income also made a big difference to people's happiness,but only at the lowest levels.Average income earners in the US were much happier than people in poverty.But millionaires were only a little bit happier than people on average incomes.It seems that money makes us happy when we have enough to feel secure.7 But can we be too happy? "You get people who are actually happy,but they think happiness is so important that they try to be even happier.This desire to be always happy isa product of individualism,where the emphasis is on you individually,your emotions and feeling good.People can end up feeling unhappy because ordinary happiness is not good enough for them."According to Professor Deiner,some people feel unhappy because they cannot appreciateA:a questionB:ordinary happinessC:individualismD:cultural differencesE:muchF:illnesses
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Old and ActiveIt is well-known that life expectancy is longer in Japan than in most other countries.A________(51) report also shows that Japan has the longest health expectancy in the world.A healthy long life is the result of the________(52)in social environment.Scientists are trying to work__________(53)exactly what keeps elderly Japanese people so healthy,and whether there is a lesson to be_________(54)from their lifestyles for the rest of us.Should we________ (55)any changes to our eating habits,for instance,or go jogging each day before breakfast?Is there some secret___________(56)in the Japanese diet that is particularly___________(57)to the human body?Another factor____________(58)to the rapid population aging in Japan is a decline in birthrate.Although longer life should be celebrated,it is____________(59)considered a social problem.The number of older people had__________(60)in the last half century and that has increased pension and medical costs.The country could soon be____________(61)an economic problem,if there are so many old people to be looked ___________(62),and relatively few younger people working and paying taxes to support them.___________(63)the retirement age from 65 to 70 could be one solution to the problem.Work can give the elderly a___________(64)of responsibility and mission in life.It's important that the elderly play active ________(65)in the society and live in harmony with all generations._________(62)A:forB:afterC:overD:out
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It is well一known that life expectancy is longer in Japan than in most other countries.A______(51) report also shows that Japan has the longest health expectancy in the world.A healthy long life is the result of ___________(52)in social environment.Scientists are trying to work___________(53)exactly what keeps elderly Japanese people so healthy,and whether there is a lesson to be__________(54)from their lifestyles for the rest of us. Should we_________(55) any changes to our eating habits,for instance,or go jogging each day before breakfast?Is there any secret ingredient in the Japanese diet___________(56)is particularly beneficial____________(57)the human body?Another factor contributing to the rapid population aging in Japan is a___________(58)in birthrate. Although longer________(59)should be celebrated,it is actually considered as a social problem.The ___________(60)of older people had doubled in the last half century and that has increased pension and medical costs.The country could soon be__________(61)an economic problem,if there are so many old people to be looked____________(62)and relatively few younger people working and paying taxes to support them._________(63)the retirement age from 65 to 70 could be one solution to the problem.Work can give the elderly a________(64)of responsibility and mission in life.It'S important that the elderly play active ___________(65)in the society and live in harmony with all generations._________(62)A:forB:afterC:overD:out
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问答题Directions: In this section, there is one passage followed by 5 questions. Read the passage carefully, then answer the questions in as few words as possible (not more than 10 words). Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet. Questions 1-5 are based on the following passage. If you were on a distant planet, and if you had instruments that could tell you the composition of Earth’s atmosphere, how would you know there was life on this planet?Water in the atmosphere would suggest there could be water on the surface, and as we all know water is considered crucial to life. But water would only suggest that life is possible. It wouldn’t prove it’s there. Carbon? That basic component of “life as we know it?” Not necessarily. A diamond is pure carbon, and it may be pretty, but it isn’t alive. What really sets Earth apart is nitrogen, which makes up 80 percent of the planet’s atmosphere. And it’s there only because there is abundant life on Earth, say scientists at the University of Southern California The report grew out of a class discussion two years ago in a course taught by Capone and Kenneth Nealson, professor of earth sciences. Students were asked to come up with different ideas about searching for life on other planets. What is a distinct “signature,” as Capone puts it, that would show there is life on another planet? That’s a question that has been kicked around in many quarters in recent decades, especially since all efforts to find some form of life, no matter whether on Mars or in the distant reaches of space, have failed. At least so far. The current effort to search for some evidence of life on Mars focuses primarily on the search for water, because it has long been believed that water, or at least some fluid, is necessary for the chemical processes that lead life to take place. But that’s probably the wrong approach, the USC group argues. “It’s hard to imagine life without water, but it’s easy to imagine water without life,” says Nealson, who was on the Mars team before moving to USC. But nitrogen would be a much clearer signature of life. Only about 2 percent to 3 percent of the Martian atmosphere is nitrogen. That’s just a trace, and it probably means there is no life on Mars today, and if there was in the past, it probably ended many, many years ago. But, the USC team adds quickly, that doesn’t mean there’s no life anywhere else in the universe. They don’t know where, of course, but they may have found a way to narrow down the search. Look first for nitrogen, then look for biological activity that should be there. So if life exists elsewhere, and is similar to life as we know it, there should be nitrogen, and that’s what we should be looking for first, the researchers say. If they don’t find nitrogen on Mars, Capone says, “that will probably bring us to the conclusion that there likely never was life on Mars.” But how about elsewhere? Could this technique be used to search for life in other solar systems? Maybe. It might be possible to detect a nitrogen-rich atmosphere around a planet orbiting another star, but not yet. Current instruments aren’t that sensitive. If they ever are, the search for life might be narrowed down to the most promising prospects, chiefly because of the presence of nitrogen. And won’t that be fun! Questions: 1．What can suggest life is possible but cannot be proved according to the author? 2．What is a clear “signature” of life on another planet according to Capone? 3．What is considered as a wrong way to search for evidence of life on Mars? 4．What can probably prove there is no life on Mars today based on the new theory? 5．Why is it impossible to use the new technique to search for life in other solar systems now?
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单选题Most of the retired people are happy _____ their quiet life in the countryside.A
toB
ofC
withD
on
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问答题According to Professor Cappuccio, what makes modern people sacrifice their sleeping time?
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单选题Which of the following statements is true about Japan?A
It has a very short life-expectancy on average.B
It has the lowest infant mortality rate in the world.C
Young people want to have more children.D
The number of young people fit for work is decreasing.
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问答题练习4 Childhood is a time when there are few responsibilities to make life difficult. If a child has good parents, he is fed, looked after and loved, whatever he may do. (1) It is impossible that he will ever again in his life be given so much without having to do anything in return. In addition, life is always presenting new things to the child—things that have lost their interest for older people because they are too well-known. (2) But a child has his pains: he is not so free to do what he wishes to do; he is continually being told not to do things, or being punished for what he has done wrong.
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单选题In context, which of the following is the best revision of sentence 3 (reproduced below)?That thing that makes them want to do it is called an incentive, and what makes them not want to do them would be a disincentive.A
It is an incentive making someone want to do something, and a disincentive making them not want to do it.B
An incentive is what makes someone want to do something, and a disincentive is what makes someone want to avoid doing something.C
Incentives make someone want to do things, but disincentives are the things making them not want to do it.D
People are made to want to do something by incentives, and a disincentive is for not wanting to do it.E
It is incentives that make people want to do something, disincentives on the other hand being what makes people want to avoid doing something.
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