问答题For a very long period of historical development, mankind could only pass on music through performance and oral instruction. When mankind invented musical scores, music started to break away from the boundaries of being merely a performing art, and develop into a system of “written symbols” that can be recorded and spread. Undoubtedly, however, it was the scientists who should be crowned as the founders of the real revolutionary milestone of human musical communication. Scientists invented marvelous means of music transmission, beginning from the earliest mechanical “record turntable” to today’s many kinds of “electronic media”.

考题 AGood morning. The program today is about music. The word “music” comes from the Greek word “muse”. The Muses are the goddesses of the arts. Music is only one of the arts. It is like the spoken language,but is uses sounds. Today's program brings together music from different corners of the world. Who invented music？ Who sang the first song？ No one knows exactly the answers to these questions. But we know that music plays an important part in almost everyone's life. Babies and young children love to hear people singing to them. When they are a little older, they like to sing the songs they have heard. When children go to school,their world of music grows. In the middle grades students take music lessons. When they reach high school,they become interested in listening to pop music.The records we have chosen for you today are form. American country music,Indian music,pop music and so on. Music has meaning for everyone. It can make people happy or it can make them sad. In this program we shall study the language of music. We shall be trying to find out more about how music works. We shall try to find out how music says what people feel.Now,here comes the music today,I shall explain why they are all good music…66.The first paragraph is mainly about the _______________A.styles of music B.history of musicC.taste of music D.knowledge of music

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考题 Which is TRUE according to the passage？A.The Muses invented music.B.Music can bring people some feelings.C.Music was from a Greek village.D.Everyone is interested in pop music.

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考题 It has been thought and said that Africans are born with musical talent.Because music is so important in the lives of many Africans and because so much music is performed in Africa, we are inclined to think that all Africans are musicians.The impression is strengthened when we look at ourselves and find that we have become largely a society of musical spectators (旁观).Music is important to us, but most of us can be considered consumers rather than producers of music.We have records, televisions, concerts, and radios to fulfil many of our musical needs.In most situations where music is performed in our culture it is not difficult to distinguish the audience from the performers, but such is often not the case in Africa.Alban Ayipaga, a Kasena semiprofessional musician from northern Ghana, says that when his flute (长笛) and drum ensemble (歌舞团) is performing, "Anybody can take part".This is true, but Kasena musicians recognize that not all people are equally capable of taking part in the music.Some can sing along with the drummers, but relatively few can drum and even fewer can play the flute along with the ensemble.It is fairly common in Africa for there to be an ensemble of expert musicians surrounded by others who join in by clapping, singing, or somehow adding to the totality of musical sound.Performances often take place in an open area (that is, not on a stage) and so the lines between the performing nucleus and the additional performers, active spectators, and passive spectators may be difficult to draw from our point of view.1、The difference between us and Africans, as far as music is concerned, is that().A、most of us are consumers while most of them are producers of musicB、we are musical performers and they are semiprofessional musiciansC、most of us are passive spectators while they are active spectatorsD、we are the audience and they are the additional performers2、The author of the passage implies that().A、all Africans are musical and therefore much music is performed in AfricaB、not all Africans are born with musical talent although music is important in their livesC、most Africans are capable of joining in the music by playing musical instrumentsD、most Africans perform. as well as professional musicians3、The word "nucleus" probably refers to().A、musicians famous in AfricaB、musicians at the centre of attentionC、musicians acting as the core in a performanceD、active participants in a musical performance4、The best title for this passage would be().A、The Importance of Music to African PeopleB、Differences Between African Music and Music of Other CountriesC、The Relationship Between Musicians and Their AudienceD、A Characteristic Feature of African Musical Performances

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考题 Text 4Material culture refers to the touchable, material “things”—physical objects that can be seen, held, felt, used—that a culture produces. Examining a culture’s tools and technology can tell us about the group’s history and way of life. Similarly, research into the material culture of music can help us to understand the music-culture. The most vivid body of “things” in it, of course, are musical instruments. We cannot hear for ourselves the actual sound of any musical performance before the 1870s when the phonograph was invented, so we rely on instruments for important information about music-cultures in the remote past and their development. Here we have two kinds of evidence: instruments well preserved and instruments pictured in art. Through the study of instruments, as well as paintings, written documents, and so on, we can explore the movement of music from the Near East to China over a thousand years ago, or we can outline the spread of Near Eastern influence to Europe that resulted in the development of most of the instruments on the symphony orchestra.Sheet music or printed music, too, is material culture. Scholars once defined folk music-cultures as those in which people learn and sing music by ear rather than from print, but research shows mutual influence among oral and written sources during the past few centuries in Europe, Britain and America. Printed versions limit variety because they tend to standardize any song, yet they stimulate people to create new and different songs. Besides, the ability to read music notation has a far-reaching effect on musicians and, when it becomes widespread, on the music-culture as a whole.Music is deep-rooted in the cultural background that fosters it. We now pay more and more attention to traditional or ethnic features in folk music and are willing to preserve the folk music as we do with many traditional cultural heritage. Musicians all over the world are busy with recording classic music in their country for the sake of their unique culture. As always, people’s aspiration will always focus on their individuality rather than universal features that are shared by all cultures alike.One more important part of music’s material culture should be singled out: the influence of the electronic media—radio, record player, tape recorder, and television, with the future promising talking and singing computers and other developments. This is all part of the “information-revolution”, a twentieth century phenomenon as important as the industrial revolution in the nineteenth. These electronic media are not just limited to modern nations; they have affected music-cultures all over the globe.第36题：Which of the following does not belong to material culture?［A］ Instruments.［B］ Music.［C］ Paintings.［D］ Sheet music.

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考题共用题干 Musical ChairsDo you know how to play a game called"Musical Chairs"?It is easy to play and most people enjoy it. All you need are some chairs,some people and some way of making music.You may use a piano or any other musical instrument,if someone can play it. You may use a tape recorder. You can even use a radio.Put the chairs in a row.The chairs may be put in twos,back to back.A better way is to have the chairs in one row with each chair facing in the opposite direction to the chair next to it.The game is easy.When the music starts,the players walk round the chairs.Everyone goes in the same direction,of course,they should walk in time to the music .If the music is fast they should walk quickly .If the music is slow,they should walk slowly.The person playing music cannot see the people in the game.When the music stops,the play-ers try to sit on the chairs.If a person cannot find a chair to sit on,he drops out. Then,before the music starts again,one chair must be taken away.When the music stops again,one more player will be out.At last,there will be two players and one chair. The one who sits on the chair when the music stops is the winner. The chairs should be put______.A: with the desksB: before the winnerC: all over the roomD: in a line

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考题共用题干 Musical ChairsDo you know how to play a game called"Musical Chairs"?It is easy to play and most people enjoy it. All you need are some chairs,some people and some way of making music.You may use a piano or any other musical instrument,if someone can play it. You may use a tape recorder. You can even use a radio.Put the chairs in a row.The chairs may be put in twos,back to back.A better way is to have the chairs in one row with each chair facing in the opposite direction to the chair next to it.The game is easy.When the music starts,the players walk round the chairs.Everyone goes in the same direction,of course,they should walk in time to the music .If the music is fast they should walk quickly .If the music is slow,they should walk slowly.The person playing music cannot see the people in the game.When the music stops,the play-ers try to sit on the chairs.If a person cannot find a chair to sit on,he drops out. Then,before the music starts again,one chair must be taken away.When the music stops again,one more player will be out.At last,there will be two players and one chair. The one who sits on the chair when the music stops is the winner. When the music starts,the players must_____.A: run about the roomB: get downC: walk around the chairsD: sit on the chairs

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考题共用题干 Musical ChairsDo you know how to play a game called"Musical Chairs"?It is easy to play and most people enjoy it. All you need are some chairs,some people and some way of making music.You may use a piano or any other musical instrument,if someone can play it. You may use a tape recorder. You can even use a radio.Put the chairs in a row.The chairs may be put in twos,back to back.A better way is to have the chairs in one row with each chair facing in the opposite direction to the chair next to it.The game is easy.When the music starts,the players walk round the chairs.Everyone goes in the same direction,of course,they should walk in time to the music .If the music is fast they should walk quickly .If the music is slow,they should walk slowly.The person playing music cannot see the people in the game.When the music stops,the play-ers try to sit on the chairs.If a person cannot find a chair to sit on,he drops out. Then,before the music starts again,one chair must be taken away.When the music stops again,one more player will be out.At last,there will be two players and one chair. The one who sits on the chair when the music stops is the winner. If ten people are playing musical chairs,you must begin with______.A: nine chairsB: ten chairsC: eleven chairsD: one chair

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考题共用题干 Musical ChairsDo you know how to play a game called"Musical Chairs"?It is easy to play and most people enjoy it. All you need are some chairs,some people and some way of making music.You may use a piano or any other musical instrument,if someone can play it. You may use a tape recorder. You can even use a radio.Put the chairs in a row.The chairs may be put in twos,back to back.A better way is to have the chairs in one row with each chair facing in the opposite direction to the chair next to it.The game is easy.When the music starts,the players walk round the chairs.Everyone goes in the same direction,of course,they should walk in time to the music .If the music is fast they should walk quickly .If the music is slow,they should walk slowly.The person playing music cannot see the people in the game.When the music stops,the play-ers try to sit on the chairs.If a person cannot find a chair to sit on,he drops out. Then,before the music starts again,one chair must be taken away.When the music stops again,one more player will be out.At last,there will be two players and one chair. The one who sits on the chair when the music stops is the winner. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A: The game"Musical Chairs"is not difficult to learn.B: The last one can sit on the last chair.C: The winner can sit on the chair.D: If the person plays music,he cannot be the winner.

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考题共用题干 I'll Be BachComposer David Cope is the inventor of a computer program that writes original works of classical music.It took Cope 30 years to develop the software.Now most people can't tell the difference between music by the famous German composer J.S.Bach(1685-1750)and the Bach-like compositions from Cope's computer.It all started in 1980 in the United States,when Cope was trying to write an opera.______(46)At first this music was not easy to listen to.What did Cope do?He began to rethink how human beings compose music.He realized that composers'brains work like big databases.First,they take in all the music that they have ever heard.______(47)Finally,they make new music from what is left.According to Cope,only the great composers are able to create the database accurately,remember it,and form new musical patterns from it.Cope built a huge database of existing music.He began with hundreds of works by Bach.The software analyzed the data:it broke it down into smaller pieces and looked for patterns.It then combined the pieces into new patterns._______(48)They weren't good,but it was a start.Cope knew he had more work to do-he had a whole opera to write.He continued to improve the software.Soon it could analyze more complex music.He also added many other composers,including his own work,to the database.A few years later,Cope's computer program,called"Emmy",was ready to help him with his opera.______(49)Cope listened to the computer's musical ideas and used the ones that he liked.With Emmy,the opera took only two weeks to finish.It was called Cradle Falling,and it was a great success! ______(50) Since that first opera,Emmy has written thousands of compositions,Cope still gives Emmy feedback on what he likes and doesn't like of her music,but she is doing most of the hard work of composing these days!______(48)A:By developing a computer software,David Cope aimed to write an opera.B:Cope received some of the best reviews of his career,but no one knew exactly how he had composed the work.C:He was having trouble thinking of new melodies,so he wrote a computer program to create the melodies.D:The process required a lot of collaboration between the composer and Emmy.E:Before long,the program could compose short Bach-like works.F:Then they take out the music that they dislike.

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考题共用题干 Music Used as a Healing Therapy1 .Music has long been used to treat patients suffering from different problems.In 400 BC,its healing properties were documented by the ancient Greeks. More recently,in both world wars in the last century, medical workers used music therapy（疗法）with people suf-fering from trauma（外伤）.Currently, it is used as a treatment for many diseases, such as cancer,and it has also been used with patients with long-term pain and learning disabilities.2 .There is growing evidence that music can caused physical changes to the body which can im-prove our health. In the Welcome Trust study,which took place over three years at the Chelsea and Westminster hospital in London,patients were asked to listen to musical perform-ances. As a result,it was found that stress levels were significantly reduced,recovery times were improved,and fewer drugs were needed.3. These very positive results are partly due to general well-being（良好的健康状况）.It is already accepted that when people feel happy and have a positive approach to life,they are more likely to feel better and recover from disease quickly. Music increases this feeling of joy and adds to the recovery process.4 .However,not all these benefits can be attributed to an increase in general well-being. Music has other effects which have not yet been understood. According to Professor Robert-son,a scientist and musician,some effects of music are mysterious and are,therefore,being investigated further. It has been suggested that the sounds and rhythms of music help stimu-late the brain and send electrical messages to the muscles.5 .Science,however,demands facts and hard evidence. Many in the medical profession have not yet recognized the healing benefits of music,since reports have been based mainly on various stories of evidence. These new studies could provide proof to doctors that music is a suitable treatment for many conditions. One day doctors may even “prescribe”（开处方） music,but that could be a long time in the future.Paragraph 3______A: Potential Dangers of Music TherapyB: Increase in General WellBeingC: History of Music TherapyD: Other Mysterious Effects of MusicE: Positive Physical Changes Caused by MusicF: Music and Your Body

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考题共用题干 Music Used as a Healing Therapy1 .Music has long been used to treat patients suffering from different problems.In 400 BC,its healing properties were documented by the ancient Greeks. More recently,in both world wars in the last century, medical workers used music therapy（疗法）with people suf-fering from trauma（外伤）.Currently, it is used as a treatment for many diseases, such as cancer,and it has also been used with patients with long-term pain and learning disabilities.2 .There is growing evidence that music can caused physical changes to the body which can im-prove our health. In the Welcome Trust study,which took place over three years at the Chelsea and Westminster hospital in London,patients were asked to listen to musical perform-ances. As a result,it was found that stress levels were significantly reduced,recovery times were improved,and fewer drugs were needed.3. These very positive results are partly due to general well-being（良好的健康状况）.It is already accepted that when people feel happy and have a positive approach to life,they are more likely to feel better and recover from disease quickly. Music increases this feeling of joy and adds to the recovery process.4 .However,not all these benefits can be attributed to an increase in general well-being. Music has other effects which have not yet been understood. According to Professor Robert-son,a scientist and musician,some effects of music are mysterious and are,therefore,being investigated further. It has been suggested that the sounds and rhythms of music help stimu-late the brain and send electrical messages to the muscles.5 .Science,however,demands facts and hard evidence. Many in the medical profession have not yet recognized the healing benefits of music,since reports have been based mainly on various stories of evidence. These new studies could provide proof to doctors that music is a suitable treatment for many conditions. One day doctors may even “prescribe”（开处方） music,but that could be a long time in the future.Those who always look on the bright side of life are more likely to______.A: recover from disease quicklyB: there is not enough hard evidenceC: use their minds activelyD: it improves general well-beingE: listen to musical performancesF: it brings many other benefits

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考题共用题干 Music Used as a Healing Therapy1 .Music has long been used to treat patients suffering from different problems.In 400 BC,its healing properties were documented by the ancient Greeks. More recently,in both world wars in the last century, medical workers used music therapy（疗法）with people suf-fering from trauma（外伤）.Currently, it is used as a treatment for many diseases, such as cancer,and it has also been used with patients with long-term pain and learning disabilities.2 .There is growing evidence that music can caused physical changes to the body which can im-prove our health. In the Welcome Trust study,which took place over three years at the Chelsea and Westminster hospital in London,patients were asked to listen to musical perform-ances. As a result,it was found that stress levels were significantly reduced,recovery times were improved,and fewer drugs were needed.3. These very positive results are partly due to general well-being（良好的健康状况）.It is already accepted that when people feel happy and have a positive approach to life,they are more likely to feel better and recover from disease quickly. Music increases this feeling of joy and adds to the recovery process.4 .However,not all these benefits can be attributed to an increase in general well-being. Music has other effects which have not yet been understood. According to Professor Robert-son,a scientist and musician,some effects of music are mysterious and are,therefore,being investigated further. It has been suggested that the sounds and rhythms of music help stimu-late the brain and send electrical messages to the muscles.5 .Science,however,demands facts and hard evidence. Many in the medical profession have not yet recognized the healing benefits of music,since reports have been based mainly on various stories of evidence. These new studies could provide proof to doctors that music is a suitable treatment for many conditions. One day doctors may even “prescribe”（开处方） music,but that could be a long time in the future.Researchers have found that patients'stress levels decrease when they______.A: recover from disease quicklyB: there is not enough hard evidenceC: use their minds activelyD: it improves general well-beingE: listen to musical performancesF: it brings many other benefits

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考题共用题干 Music Used as a Healing Therapy1 .Music has long been used to treat patients suffering from different problems.In 400 BC,its healing properties were documented by the ancient Greeks. More recently,in both world wars in the last century, medical workers used music therapy（疗法）with people suf-fering from trauma（外伤）.Currently, it is used as a treatment for many diseases, such as cancer,and it has also been used with patients with long-term pain and learning disabilities.2 .There is growing evidence that music can caused physical changes to the body which can im-prove our health. In the Welcome Trust study,which took place over three years at the Chelsea and Westminster hospital in London,patients were asked to listen to musical perform-ances. As a result,it was found that stress levels were significantly reduced,recovery times were improved,and fewer drugs were needed.3. These very positive results are partly due to general well-being（良好的健康状况）.It is already accepted that when people feel happy and have a positive approach to life,they are more likely to feel better and recover from disease quickly. Music increases this feeling of joy and adds to the recovery process.4 .However,not all these benefits can be attributed to an increase in general well-being. Music has other effects which have not yet been understood. According to Professor Robert-son,a scientist and musician,some effects of music are mysterious and are,therefore,being investigated further. It has been suggested that the sounds and rhythms of music help stimu-late the brain and send electrical messages to the muscles.5 .Science,however,demands facts and hard evidence. Many in the medical profession have not yet recognized the healing benefits of music,since reports have been based mainly on various stories of evidence. These new studies could provide proof to doctors that music is a suitable treatment for many conditions. One day doctors may even “prescribe”（开处方） music,but that could be a long time in the future.Many doctors don't believe that music can treat diseases because______.A: recover from disease quicklyB: there is not enough hard evidenceC: use their minds activelyD: it improves general well-beingE: listen to musical performancesF: it brings many other benefits

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考题共用题干 The Biology of MusicHumans use music as a powerful way to communicate.It may also play an important role in love.But what is music,and how does it work its magic?Science does not yet have all the answers.What are two things that make humans different from animals?One is language,and the other is music.It is true that some animals can sing(and many birds sing better than a lot of people).However,the songs of animals,such as birds and whales,are very limited.It is also true that humans,not animals,have developed musical instruments.Music is strange stuff.It is clearly different from language.However,people can use music to communicate things-especially their emotions.When music is combined with speech in a song,it is a very powerful form of communication.But,biologically speaking,what is music?If music is truly different from speech,then we should process music and language in different parts of the brain.The scientific evidence suggests that this is true.Sometimes people who , suffer brain damage lose their ability to process language.However,they don't automatically（自动地）lose their musical abilities.For example , Vissarion Shebalin , a Russian composer , had a stroke（中风）in 1953.It injured the left side of his brain.He could no longer speak or understand speech.He could,however,still compose music until his death ten years later.On the other hand,sometimes strokes cause people to lose their musical ability,but they can still speak and understand speech.This shows that the brain processes music and language separately.By studying the physical effects of music on the body,scientists have also learned a lot about how music influences the emotions.But why does music have such a strong effect on us?That is a harder question to answer.Geoffrey Miller,a researcher at University College,London,thinks that music and love have a strong connection.Music requires special talent,practice,and physical ability.That's why it may be a way of showing your fitness to be someone's mate.For example,singing in tune or playing a musical instrument requires fine muscular control.You also need a good memory to remember the notes（音符）.And playing or singing those notes correctly suggests that your hearing is in excellent condition.Finally,when a man sings to the woman he loves(or vice versa),it may be a way of showing off.However,Miller's theory still doesn't explain why certain combinations of sounds influence our emotions so deeply.For scientists,this is clearly an area that needs further research.Music can NOT be used______.A:as an efficient way to communicateB:as an effective tool to perform magic tricksC:to successfully seek after a loverD:to influence the emotions of humans

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考题共用题干 The Biology of MusicHumans use music as a powerful way to communicate.It may also play an important role in love.But what is music,and how does it work its magic?Science does not yet have all the answers.What are two things that make humans different from animals?One is language,and the other is music.It is true that some animals can sing(and many birds sing better than a lot of people).However,the songs of animals,such as birds and whales,are very limited.It is also true that humans,not animals,have developed musical instruments.Music is strange stuff.It is clearly different from language.However,people can use music to communicate things-especially their emotions.When music is combined with speech in a song,it is a very powerful form of communication.But,biologically speaking,what is music?If music is truly different from speech,then we should process music and language in different parts of the brain.The scientific evidence suggests that this is true.Sometimes people who , suffer brain damage lose their ability to process language.However,they don't automatically（自动地）lose their musical abilities.For example , Vissarion Shebalin , a Russian composer , had a stroke（中风）in 1953.It injured the left side of his brain.He could no longer speak or understand speech.He could,however,still compose music until his death ten years later.On the other hand,sometimes strokes cause people to lose their musical ability,but they can still speak and understand speech.This shows that the brain processes music and language separately.By studying the physical effects of music on the body,scientists have also learned a lot about how music influences the emotions.But why does music have such a strong effect on us?That is a harder question to answer.Geoffrey Miller,a researcher at University College,London,thinks that music and love have a strong connection.Music requires special talent,practice,and physical ability.That's why it may be a way of showing your fitness to be someone's mate.For example,singing in tune or playing a musical instrument requires fine muscular control.You also need a good memory to remember the notes（音符）.And playing or singing those notes correctly suggests that your hearing is in excellent condition.Finally,when a man sings to the woman he loves(or vice versa),it may be a way of showing off.However,Miller's theory still doesn't explain why certain combinations of sounds influence our emotions so deeply.For scientists,this is clearly an area that needs further research.Humans are different from animals because______.A:they have different languages and musicB:they have different languages and communicationsC:they have different songs and languagesD:they have different music and songs

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考题共用题干 The Biology of MusicHumans use music as a powerful way to communicate.It may also play an important role in love.But what is music,and how does it work its magic?Science does not yet have all the answers.What are two things that make humans different from animals?One is language,and the other is music.It is true that some animals can sing(and many birds sing better than a lot of people).However,the songs of animals,such as birds and whales,are very limited.It is also true that humans,not animals,have developed musical instruments.Music is strange stuff.It is clearly different from language.However,people can use music to communicate things-especially their emotions.When music is combined with speech in a song,it is a very powerful form of communication.But,biologically speaking,what is music?If music is truly different from speech,then we should process music and language in different parts of the brain.The scientific evidence suggests that this is true.Sometimes people who , suffer brain damage lose their ability to process language.However,they don't automatically（自动地）lose their musical abilities.For example , Vissarion Shebalin , a Russian composer , had a stroke（中风）in 1953.It injured the left side of his brain.He could no longer speak or understand speech.He could,however,still compose music until his death ten years later.On the other hand,sometimes strokes cause people to lose their musical ability,but they can still speak and understand speech.This shows that the brain processes music and language separately.By studying the physical effects of music on the body,scientists have also learned a lot about how music influences the emotions.But why does music have such a strong effect on us?That is a harder question to answer.Geoffrey Miller,a researcher at University College,London,thinks that music and love have a strong connection.Music requires special talent,practice,and physical ability.That's why it may be a way of showing your fitness to be someone's mate.For example,singing in tune or playing a musical instrument requires fine muscular control.You also need a good memory to remember the notes（音符）.And playing or singing those notes correctly suggests that your hearing is in excellent condition.Finally,when a man sings to the woman he loves(or vice versa),it may be a way of showing off.However,Miller's theory still doesn't explain why certain combinations of sounds influence our emotions so deeply.For scientists,this is clearly an area that needs further research.What is the main idea of the passage?A:What are the differences of human music and animal music.B:What are the differences of human language and animal language.C:What is music in the aspect of biology.D:What is music in the aspect of zoology.

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考题共用题干 The Biology of MusicHumans use music as a powerful way to communicate.It may also play an important role in love.But what is music,and how does it work its magic?Science does not yet have all the answers.What are two things that make humans different from animals?One is language,and the other is music.It is true that some animals can sing(and many birds sing better than a lot of people).However,the songs of animals,such as birds and whales,are very limited.It is also true that humans,not animals,have developed musical instruments.Music is strange stuff.It is clearly different from language.However,people can use music to communicate things-especially their emotions.When music is combined with speech in a song,it is a very powerful form of communication.But,biologically speaking,what is music?If music is truly different from speech,then we should process music and language in different parts of the brain.The scientific evidence suggests that this is true.Sometimes people who , suffer brain damage lose their ability to process language.However,they don't automatically（自动地）lose their musical abilities.For example , Vissarion Shebalin , a Russian composer , had a stroke（中风）in 1953.It injured the left side of his brain.He could no longer speak or understand speech.He could,however,still compose music until his death ten years later.On the other hand,sometimes strokes cause people to lose their musical ability,but they can still speak and understand speech.This shows that the brain processes music and language separately.By studying the physical effects of music on the body,scientists have also learned a lot about how music influences the emotions.But why does music have such a strong effect on us?That is a harder question to answer.Geoffrey Miller,a researcher at University College,London,thinks that music and love have a strong connection.Music requires special talent,practice,and physical ability.That's why it may be a way of showing your fitness to be someone's mate.For example,singing in tune or playing a musical instrument requires fine muscular control.You also need a good memory to remember the notes（音符）.And playing or singing those notes correctly suggests that your hearing is in excellent condition.Finally,when a man sings to the woman he loves(or vice versa),it may be a way of showing off.However,Miller's theory still doesn't explain why certain combinations of sounds influence our emotions so deeply.For scientists,this is clearly an area that needs further research.Which of the following statements is true?A:People who lose their ability to process language also lose their musical abilities.B:People who injure the left sides of their brains can speak and understand music.C:People who injure the left sides of their brains can't compose music.D:People use different parts of their brains to process music and language.

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考题共用题干 Music and DrivingListening to loud music while driving can seriously hamper reaction times and cause accidents,new research suggests.A Canadian study found people took up to 20% longer to perform physical and mental tasks to loud music .If motorists were delayed that long at the wheel they could suffer a fatal crash, warned the RAG Foundation,a British motoring organization.Edmund King,the RACFoundation's executive director,said the study showed that"not only is loud music a nuisance to other,it could also be the cause of accidents".Earlier research by the RAG Foundation found drivers were twice as likely to skip a red light while listening to music.In the Canadian study volunteers carried out tasks while listening to levels of noise varying from 53 decibels(equivalent to an office environment)to 95 decibels(equivalent to an oil rig).Researchers found reactions to be significantly decreased at higher noise levels for both physical and mental work.At 95 decibels reaction times to tasks that involve decision making plummeted（骤然减少）by 20%.Edmund King said:" The findings of the Canadian study are bad news for decibel-loving drivers,as they prove that not only is loud music a nuisance to others,it could also be the cause of accidents on the roads."Drivers are at even greater risk if they listen to music with a pounding beat rather than more relaxed tunes,according to experts.Conrad King,consultant psychologist to the foundation,said:"It is important that drivers choose their music carefully when driving,as up-tempo music has been shown to cause drivers to have double the amount of accidents as those listening to slower music."In general,if music is ahove 60 beats per minute,listeners experience a faster rate and increased blood pressure."It doesn't matter if you listen to opera,classical or the latest rave music.It's the speed of the beat that counts." Conrad King suggests that drivers be careful when choosing the music.A: RightB: WrongC: Not mentioned

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考题 Like every language,American English is full of special expressions,phrases that come from the day-to-day life of the people and develop in their own way．Our expression today is“to face the music”． When someone says,“well,I guess I’ll have to face the music,”it does not mean he’s planning to go to the concert．It is something far less pleasant,like being called in by your boss to explain why you did this and did that,and why you didn’t do this or that．Sour music indeed,but it has to be faced At sometime or another,every one of us has had to face the music,especially as children．We can all remember father’s angry voice,“I want to talk to you．”and only because we did not obey him．What an unpleasant business it was! The phrase“to face the music”is familiar to every American,young and old,It is at least 100 years old ．And where did this expression come from?The first explanation comes from the American novelist,James Fenimore Looper．He said,in 1851,that the expression was first used by actors while waiting in the wings to go on the stage．When they got their cue to go on,they often said,“Well,it’s time to face the music．”And that was exactly what they did—facing the orchestra which was just below them．And an actor might be frightened or nervous as he moved on to the stage in front of an audience that might be friendly or perhaps?hostile,especially if he forgot his lines．But he had to go out．If he did not,there would be no play．So the expression“to face the music”come to mean“having to go through something,no matter how unpleasant the experience might be,because you knew you had no choice．” Other explanations about the expression go back to the army．When the men faced an inspection by their leader,the soldiers would be worried about how well they looked ．Was their equipment clean,shinny enough to pass the inspection?Still the men had to go out and face the music of the band as well as the inspection．What else could they do? Another army explanation is more closely related to the idea of facing the results and accepting the responsibility for something that should not have been done．As,for example when a man is forced out of the army because he did something terrible,he is dishonored ．The band does not play．Only the drums tap a sad,slow beat．The soldier is forced to leave,facing such music as it is and facing the back of his horse． Which of the following is a situation of facing the music?A.When we are playing basketbal B.When we are making a speec C.When we are having a part D.When we are talking with somebod

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考题 It is difficult to know why a work of art produces some emotions，but it has been known for a very long time that paintings，music and poetry have the power to touch us，to repel us and to______intense pleasure or displeasure.A.rise B.arise C.raise D.arouse

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考题 Popular music is different from classical music and folk music in that（）Ait is very noisyBit is anonymousCit is written as a commercial product for mass distributionDit is an individual artistic creation

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考题 Popular music is different from classical music and folk music in that（）A、it is very noisyB、it is anonymousC、it is written as a commercial product for mass distributionD、it is an individual artistic creation

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考题问答题Practice 15　　(1) The development of jazz can be seen as part of the development of American popular music, especially dance music. In the twentieth, jazz became the hottest new thing in dance music, much as ragtime had at turn of the century, and as would rhythm and blues in the forties, rock in the fifties, and disco in the seventies. (2) But two characteristics distinguish jazz from other dance music.

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考题单选题What is the speaker’s main topic?A The replacement of the harpsichord by the piano.B The development of electronic musical instruments.C The relative costs of different types of musical instruments.D The performance of classical music on synthesizers.

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考题单选题Popular music is different from classical music and folk music in that（）A it is very noisyB it is anonymousC it is written as a commercial product for mass distributionD it is an individual artistic creation

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考题问答题“THE JAZZ AGE” refers to the decade after World War I, when the nation became predominantly urban. It took its name from the rich and varied new popular music which was essentially a creation of the Negro in the city. Historians cannot agree on the origin of the word “jazz”: some say it is of African or Creole origin, and others say that it derived from the name of a musician. But there is no denying that this American form of music originated with Negroes in the first age of their migration to the city, and jazz flourished primarily because of the talent, energy, and imagination of Negroes in cities. In Europe, too, the years after World War I were an age of musical experiment. But jazz was a more democratic, more communal kind of experiment. For the old World saw developing novel forms of “art music”, of salon and concert-hall music.

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考题问答题According to a group called the Voices Foundation, everyone has a singing voice as well as a (1)____(speak) voice somewhere inside them. This, they say, should be (2) enc____ from an early age because it provides the best, and the cheapest, basis on which to build an understanding of music.　　The teachings of the Hungarian (3)____(compose) Zoltan Kodaly are responsible for this idea. He observed that songs can become a key part of the relationship (4)____ a mother and her child almost from birth. This is (5) es____ true of traditional societies, including those of West Africa, where some small children are able to sing literally (6) hun____ of songs, all of which have been learnt by heart. However, many modern children first come to an understanding of music (7)____ they learn to play an instrument, and although some teaching of the theory of music is usually a part of this, their relationship with the music on the page is often a mechanical one.　　The (8)____(believe) of the Voices Foundation is that a natural feeling for rhythm, harmony and musical structure, the very qualities we appreciate in the greatest musicians, can only be achieved through the (9)____(explore) of the music of the voice from the beginning of a person’s life. The foundation has, therefore, set itself the task of developing a singing-centred musical education (10) pro____ that could benefit junior pupils all over the world.

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