2021年 西藏 职称英语(理工)如何报名

发布时间:2021-10-04


2021年 西藏 职称英语(理工)如何报名

 


下面小编为大家准备了 职称英语(理工) 的相关考题,供大家学习参考。

共用题干
Hurricane
1 A hurricane(飓风)is a tropical storm with winds that have reached a constant speed of 74 miles per hour. Hurricane winds blow in a large spiral(螺旋)around a relative calm center know as the“eye”.The“eye” is generally 20 to 30 miles wide,and the storm may ex- tend outward 400 miles. As a hurricane nears land,it can bring heavy rains,high winds,and storms(风暴潮).The storm surges and heavy rains can lead to flooding.
2 Hurricanes are given a different label,depending on where they occur. If they begin over the North Atlantic Ocean,the Caribbean Sea,the Gulf of Mexico,or the Northeast Pa-cific Ocean,they are called hurricanes.Similar storms that occur in the Northwest Pacific Ocean west of the International Date Line are called typhoon. Near Australia and in the India Ocean, they are referred to as tropical cyclones(龙卷风).
3 When a hurricane hits land,it can do great damage through its fierce winds,heavy rains , inland(内陆的)flooding, and huge waves crashing onto the shore. During a hurri-cane,homes,businesses,and public buildings may be damaged or destroyed;road and bridges can be washed away. A powerful hurricane can kill more people and destroy more property than any other natural disaster. Fishermen are at special risk from hurricanes as they may be at sea when a hurricane arrives and not be able to get to a safe harbour if they do not receive adequate warning.
4 If a hurricane is coming in your area,the most important thing is to stay calm and find shelter immediately. Go to your safe room. If you do not have one,stay indoors during the hurricane and go to a safer place near the center of your home. Cover yourself with a blanket and be sure to keep away from windows and glass doors,because if the glass breaks it's real-ly dangerous. Do not be fooled if there is a lull(暂停);it could be the eye of the storm-winds will pick up again.

Paragraph 2_________
A: What Should You Do During a Hurricane?
B: What Are Different Names of Hurricanes?
C: What Is a Hurricane?
D: What Damages Can a Hurricane Cause?
E: How Do You Know a Hurricane Is Coming?
F: Where Do Hurricanes Usually Happen?
答案:B
解析:
段首句是典型定义句,该句可能就是该段主题句。该句意为“飓风是一种热带风暴,飓风的持续速度能达到74英里/小时”,显然该定义句在对飓风进行解释,C项“什么是飓风”正好与之呼应,因此答案很可能是C。从该段的主要内容来看,整个段落主要对飓风进行了介绍,内容涉及到风速,飓风刮风的方式,风眼以及飓风所带来的影响,由此可以进一步确认该段的主题是对飓风进行介绍。所以答案为C。
段首句不是定义句,也不是观点句,因此该句成为段落主题句的可能性较小。因为段落开头的句子即使不是主题句也往往起着引题的作用,所以段落开头的句子建议考生仔细阅读。段首句意为“根据发生的地点不同,飓风被贴上了不同的标签”。该段没有明显的段落主题词,因此跳看段落中的句子以较快的速度把握段落大意。段落中出现了这样一些彼此呼应的结构:they are called hurricanes(它们被称为飓风), are called typhoon(被称为台风),are referred to as tropical cyclones(被称为龙卷风)。显然这些彼此呼应的结构都与段首出现的“飓风被贴上了不同的标签”,指飓风有不同的名字,这正好与B项“飓风都有哪些不同的名字”呼应,因此答案为B。
段落中两次出现了damage“破坏”一词(提示:在段落中反复出现,但并非贯穿整个段落而出现的词可能是段落主题词,也可能不是),该词还在段首句中出现了,因此首先关注段首句。该句意为“当飓风抵达陆地时,它可能带来狂风,暴雨,内陆洪水和冲上海岸的巨浪而造成很大的破坏”。该句是观点句,因此可能是该段主题句。跳读整个段落,很容易在段落中发现这样的字眼:damage“破坏”, destroy property“破坏财产(即造成财产损失)”,kill people“夺取人们的生命”, fishermen at risk“渔民处于危险之中”,这些词语都与段首句中提出的“飓风造成的破坏”呼应,因此该题答案为D项“飓风会造成什么样的破坏”。提示:在需要通过阅读段落而把握段落大意的情况下,跳读段落是一个快速识别段落大意的有效方法。跳读不是阅读句子,而是关注段落中词语出现的情况,往往段落中彼此呼应的词语也能烘托出段落的主题思想。
段首句是观点句,该句就是段落主题句。该句意为“如果飓风来到你所在的地区,最重要的事情是保持冷静并且立刻找到躲避处”。依据该句意思来看,该句主要在说明当飓风发生的时候应该怎么做。这与A项“飓风发生的时候你应该怎样做?”意义一致,因此答案为A。
题干意为“根据发生地的不同,飓风有……”。与题干相关的句子在解答前面问题时阅读过,相关句Hurricanes are given a different label, depending on where they occur(随着发生地的不同,飓风被贴上了不同的标签)。由此可知F项“不同的标签”是答案。
题干意为“猛烈的飓风可能变成最具破坏性的……”,利用题干中出现的信 息短语powerful hurricane"猛烈的飓风”作为定位线索,同时关注题干中的修饰词most de- structive“最具破坏力的”在短文中出现的情况:When a hurricane hits land, it can do great damage through its fierce winds,heavy rains,inland flooding,and huge waves crashing on to the shore. During a hurricane,homes,businesses,and public buildings may be damaged or destroyed;road and bridges can be washed away. A powerful hurricane can kill more peo-ple and destroy more property than any other natural disaster.Fishermen are at special risk from hurricanes as they may be at sea when a hurticane arrives and not be able to get to a safe harbour if they do not receive adequate warning.相关句(第三段第三句)意为“与其他任何一种自然灾害相比,猛烈的飓风会夺去更多人的生命,会毁掉更多的财产”。由此可知飓风可能会成为最具有破坏力的自然灾害,因此答案为B项“自然灾害”。
题干意为“当飓风到来的时候,渔民如果正在海上而且还没有得到……,那么他们就会处于很危险的境况中”。利用题干中出现的信息词/短语fishermen , great danger, sea作为定位线索,在第三段中找到相关句:When a hurricane hits land, it can do great dam- age through its fierce winds,heavy rains,inland flooding,and huge waves crashing on to the shore. During a hurricane,homes,businesses,and public buildings may be damaged or de- stroyed;road and bridges can be washed away. A powerful hurricane can kill more people and destroy more property than any other natural disaster.Fishermen are at special risk(与great danger呼应)from hurricanes as they may be at sea when a hurricane arrives and not be able to get to a safe harbour if they do not receive adequate warning. 相关句(该段最后一句)意为 “当飓风到来时,如果渔民没有收到飓风警报,没有能够到达安全的港口,那么他们就可能处于很危险的境况之中”。由此可知C项“提前的警报”是答案。
题干意为“在飓风发生期间,人们应该远离……”。题干中虽然有细节信息词hurricane“飓风”出现,但因为该词是短文主题词,因此不选用该词作为定位线索。这样一来题干中就没有定位线索词了,在这样的情况下,关注题干中的谓语部分核心动词短语stay away from“远离”在短文中的出现情况:If a hurricane is coming in your area, the most important thing is to stay calm and find shelter immediately. Go to your safe room. If you do not have one,stay indoors during the hurricane and go to a safer place near the center of your home. Cover yourself with a blanket and be sure to keep away from(与stay away from意义相近)windows and glass doors, because if the glass breaks it's really dangerous. Do not be fooled if there is a lull(暂停);it could be the eye of the storm-winds will pick up again.相关句(第四段倒数第二句)提到“裹上毯子,而且确保远离窗户和玻璃门”,由此判断D项“窗户和玻璃门”是答案。

Don't tempt thieves by leaving valuables clearly visible.

A: alarm
B:catch
C: spot
D:attract
答案:D
解析:
句意:不要把贵重物品放在清晰可见的地方来引诱小偷。画线单词tempt意为“引诱,吸引”。A项alarm意为“警告”;B项catch意为“抓住”;C项spot意为“认出,站污”;D项attract意为“吸引”,与画线单词同义。故本题选D。

共用题干
Water一the Issue of This Century
The world is running short of freshwater. Populations are growing bigger and thirstier (渴的),with the result that freshwater is becoming increasingly scarce(缺乏).Half the world's wetlands have disappeared during the last century,while estimates suggest that wa- ter use will rise by 50% in the next 30 years.
The World Bank report estimates that as much as half of the world's population,concentrated in Africa,the Middle East and south Asia,will face“severe water shortages”by 2025.Local water conflicts and the loss of freshwater ecosystems appear large in some re- gions.
A similar picture emerges from the globe's salt water regions. Three-quarters of the world's people may live within 100km of the sea in 2025,putting even more pressure on stretched coastal ecosystems. Two thirds of fisheries(渔业)are exploited at or beyond their sustainable limits, and half the world's coral reefs(珊瑚礁)may perish in 100 years. Almost 60% of coral reefs and 34% of fish species are at risk from human activities,the Bank says.
The report concludes that there is ample evidence to justify immediate and coordinated action to safeguard supplies and use water more efficiently.
Fresh water consumption is rising quickly,and the availability of water in some regions is likely to become one of the most pressing issues of the 21st century.
A third of the world's popu1ation一around two billion people一live in countries that are experiencing moderate to high water shortages.That proportion could rise to half or more in the next 30 years unless institutions(制度)change to ensure better conservation and alloca- tion of water.
China is one country where the portents(征兆)are gloomy. The most waterstressed country in East Asia,China is exploiting 44%of its usable water,a figure projected to rise to6O%by 2020.Primary withdrawal of water of more than 60%is widely considered by water experts to exceed the environmental carrying capacity of a river basin system. Although
China's total use appears still to be reasonable,it has several basins that are severely stressed environmentally.
Withdrawals exceed environmental limits in Afghanistan and Pakistan,and will exceed them in India by 2020.In the Middle East and North Africa,only Morocco has unexploited water resources.The rest have exceeded environmental limits and many are mining aquifers (蓄水层)一bodies of water-bearing rock一the report says.

It is estimated that water use will rise by 50% in the next 30 years.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned
答案:A
解析:
题干意为“据估计,30年以后水的使用量将增加50%”。利用题干中的细节 信息词/短语water use, 50% , next 30 years作为定位线索,在短文第一段中寻找到相关句: The world is running short of fresh water. Populations are growing bigger and thirstier(渴 的),with the result that freshwater is becoming increasingly scarce(缺乏).Half the world's wetlands have disappeared during the last century,while estimates suggest that water use will rise by 50% in the next 30 years.相关句(带下划线的句子)意为“在上个世纪的100年里世界上一半的沼泽地已经消失了,而依据人们的估计来看,30年后水的使用量将增加50%”, 很明显题干陈述的意义与短文中的相关内容一致,因此题干陈述了正确的信息。所以答案为A。
题干意为“大多数发达国家20年以后将面临水的短缺问题”。利用题干中 的细节信息词/短语most developed countries, water shortages, in 20 years作为定位线索, 结果发现most developed countries根本没有在短文中出现,短文中也没有具体提到发达国家水短缺的情况,因此题干陈述的信息是短文中未提及的信息。所以答案为C。
题干意为“到了2025年,地球上大多数的人可能会生活在距离海洋100公 里的范围里”。利用题干中的细节信息短语most of the world's population, 100km of the sea, in 2025作为定位线索,这样在第三段中找到相关句:A similar picture emerges from the globe's salt water regions. Three-quarters of the world's people(与题干中的most of the world's population呼应)may live within 100km of the sea in 2025 , putting even more pressure on stretched coastal ecosystems. Two thirds of fisheries(渔业)are exploited at or beyond their sustainable limits, and half the world's coral reefs(珊瑚礁)may perish in 100 years.Almost 60% of coral reefs and 34% of fish species are at risk from human activities, the Bank says.相关句(第三段第二句)提到“到2025年,世界上3/4的人将可能生活在距离海洋100公里的范围里”,显然题干陈述的意义与短文相关内容一致。所以答案为A。到目前为 止,在完成的3道题的答案里出现了2个A,1个C,剩下的4道题肯定至少会出现1-3个 B,因此如果考虑节约答题时间,剩下的4小题全选B,这样在该阅读理解题上就通过完成3 小题而直接拿到5小题的分数(即拿到5分!)
题干意为“几乎所有的珊瑚礁都可能在10。年后消失”。利用题干中的细节 信息短语almost all coral reefs, in 100 years作为定位线索,这样在第三段中找到相关句:A similar picture emerges from the globe's salt water regions. Three-quarters of the world's people may live within 100km of the sea in 2025,putting even more pressure on stretched coastal ecosystems. Two thirds of fisheries(渔业)are exploited at or beyond their sustainable limits,and half the world's coral reefs(珊瑚礁)may perish in 100 years.Almost 60% of coral reefs and 34% of fish species are at risk from human activities, the Bank says.相关句(第三段倒数第二句)意为“2/3的渔业开发已经处于可承受的边缘,甚至超出了可承受的范围,世界上一半的珊瑚礁可能会在100年后消失”。短文提到“一半的珊瑚礁”可能会在100年后消失,而不是“几乎所有的珊瑚礁”可能会在100年后消失,因此题干陈述的信息与短文内 容不一致。所以答案为B。
题干意为“大西洋中的一些鱼类正处于危险的状况中”。利用题干中的细节 信息词/短语some species of fish, Atlantic, dangerously low levels作为定位线索,在第三段 中寻找到相关句:A similar picture emerges from the globe's salt water regions. Three-quarters of the world's people may live within 100km of the sea in 2025,putting even more pressure on stretched coastal ecosystems. Two thirds of fisheries(渔业) are exploited at or beyond their sustainable limits,and half the world's coral reefs(珊瑚礁)may perish in 100 years. Almost 60% of coral reefs and 34% of fish species are at risk from human activities, the Bank says.相关句(带下划线的句子)提到“世界银行说几乎有60%的珊瑚礁和34%的鱼 类因为人类的活动而处于危险的状况中”,这个句子陈述的是全世界鱼类的情况,至于在大西洋是否也是这样,该句中没有提到,依据该句意义也无法推断出大西洋地区鱼类的情况。短文中的其他句子没有再提及鱼类的情况,由此可判断出题干陈述的信息是短文中未提及的信 息。所以答案为C。
题干意为“世界银行的报告意味着应该采取紧急行动来保护水资源的供 应”。利用题干中的细节信息词/短语the World Bank report, urgent action, water supplies 作为定位线索,在第四段中寻找到相关句:The report(指上文中提到的世界银行的报告) concludes that there is ample evidence to justify immediate and coordinated action to safe- guard supplies and use water more efficiently.第四段是一个独立成段句,该段意为“那份报告得出的结论是有大量的证据证明应该立刻采取协调一致的行动来保护水资源的供应,并更有效地使用水资源”。显然题干陈述的意义与短文中的相关意义一致,因此答案为A。
题干意为“印度(现在)超过了水资源的环境使用极限”。利用题干中的细节 信息词/短语India , environmental limits , water use作为定位线索,在最后一段中寻找到相关句:Withdrawals(与上文中提到的withdrawal of water<水资源的使用>呼应)exceed environmental limits in Afghanistan and Pakistan,and will exceed them in India by 2020.In the

They had a far better yield than any other farm miles away around this year.

A:goods
B:soil
C:climate
D:harvest
答案:D
解析:
在该句中,yield作名词(因为该词的前面有不定冠词a),抓住句子中画线部分的结构或用词特点,能与不定冠词a搭配使用的选项只有C(气候,倾向,风气。例如:a mild climate温和的气候)和D(收成,收获)。再借助句子中其他特征词farm,判断harvest (收成)是答案。该句含义是“这一年中他们的收成要比数英里以外的其他任何农场的收成都好得多”。 yield: vt.& vi.产出(常与to连用),放弃,投降,让步;n.产量,收成。故答案为D。

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