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2018年全国硕士研究生入学英语考试精选试题

What s right for you may be wrong for me, and() .

A、opposite

B、on the contrary

C、vice versa

D、on the other hand


参考答案:C


To round is to delete or(66)one or more of the least significant digits in a positional(67)and to, or not to, adjust the part retained in accordance with some specified rule. The purpose of rounding is usually to limit the (68) of the numeral or to reduce the number of characters in the numeral, or to do both these things.The most common arithmetic forms of rounding are rounding down, rounding up and rounding off. Rounding down is defined as making no adjustment to the part of the numeral that is retained. Rounding up means adjusting the part of the numeral that is retained by adding 1 to the least significant of its digits and executing any necessary carries, if and only if One or more non-zero digits have been deleted. Rounding off (69) adjusting the part of the numeral retained by adding 1 to the least significant of its digits and executing any necessary carries, if and only if the most significant of the digits deleted was equal to or greater than half the(70) of its digit place.

A.simplify

B.reduce

C.abbreviate

D.omit


正确答案:D


10. ——What's wrong with your right hand?

——I got it _________in the door.

A. catching

B.caught

C. to be caught

D. to catch


正确答案:B
IO.B【解析】have/get sth. done意为“让别人做某事”,也可指不幸的遭遇。此句中的it指my left hand。get my left hand caught inthe door意为“我的左手破灭在门里了”。


How should you signal the crane operator to move slowly ________.

A.Use one hand to give any motion signal,and place the other hand motionless in front of the hand giving the motion signa

B.Extend arm with the thumb pointing up,and flex the fingers in and out for as long as the load movement is desired

C.First tap your elbow with one hand and then proceed to use regular signals

D.First tap the top of your head with your fist and then proceed to use regular signals


正确答案:A


共用题干
第二篇

In many of the developinlg countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of the family?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.
One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different. Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.
However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia, for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.
Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of womnen in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.
Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive ,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.
These trends show that an effective programn to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet theii needs.Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success.

Saudi Arabia is mentioned in the passage because it shows that________.
A:the most important factor influencing birth rate is the economy
B:factors other than the economy influence birth rate
C:women who have a high income usually have few children
D:the birth rate depends on per capita income

答案:B
解析:
根据文章第二段我们知道“在传统的农业经济中,家庭成员多是十分有利的。孩子多就意味着田里的劳动力多,而且有人给父母养老”。因此选项A是正确的。
文章第二段以意大利为例证明了国家工业化以后,人口出生率就会降低的观点。因此只有选项B是正确的。
文章第二段的叙述说明如今的意大利是一个工业化、低出生率的国家。因此选项C是正确的。
文章第三段第一句话告诉我们经济并不是唯一影响出生率的重要因素,这暗示了接下来会讲一些其他影响出生率的因素。文章以沙特阿拉伯为例就是为了证明这一点。因此选项B是正确的。
文章第四段后半部分讲到这些国家的政府采取措施为妇女提供更多的教育和机会来改善妇女的生活状况。因此选项D是正确的。


(一 )Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Trust is a tricky business. On the one hand, its a necessary condition 1 many worthwhile things: child care, friendships, etc. On the other hand, putting your 2, in the wrong place often carries a high 3.4, why do we trust at all? Well, because it feels good. 5 people place their trust in an individual or an institution, their brains release oxytocin, a hormone that 6 pleasurable feelings and triggers the herding instruct that prompts humans to 7 with one another. Scientists have found that exposure 8 this hormone puts us in a trusting 9: In a Swiss study, researchers sprayed oxytocin into the noses of half the subjects; those subjects were ready to lend significantly higher amounts of money to strangers than were their 10 who inhaled something else.Wow!”11 for us, we also have a sixth sense for dishonesty that may 12 us. A Canadian study found that children as young as 14 months can differentiate 13 a credible person and a dishonest one. Sixty toddlers were each 14 to an adult tester holding a plastic container. The tester would ask, “ What s in here? ” before looking into the container, smiling, and exclaiming, subject was then invited to look 15. Half of them found a toy; the other half 16 the container was empty-and realized the tester had 17 them.Among the children who had not been tricked, the majority were 18 to cooperate with the tester in learning a new skill, demonstrating that they trusted his leadership. 19, only five of the 30 children paired with the“ 20 ” tester participated-uinp acftoivlliotyw.1. A onB likeC forD from2. A faithB concernC attentionD interest3. A benefitB debtC hopeD price4. A ThereforeB ThenC InsteadD Again5. AUntilB UnlessC AlthoughD When6. A selectsB producesC appliesD maintains7. A consultB competeC connectD compare8. A atB byCofDto9. A contextB moodC periodD circle10.A counterpartsB substitutesC colleaguesDsupporters11.A FunnyB LuckyC OddD Ironic12.A monitorB protectC surpriseD delight13.A betweenB withinC towardD over14.A transferredB addedC introducedD entrusted15.A outB backC aroundD inside16.A discoveredB provedC insistedD .remembered17.A betrayedBwrongedC fooledD mocked18.A forcedB willingC hesitantD entitled19.A In contrastB As a resultC On the wholeD For instance20.A inflexibleB incapableC unreliableD unsuitableSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C orD. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1Among the annoying c、hallenges facing the middle class is one that will probably go unmentioned in the next presidential campaign: What happens when the robots come for their jobs?Dont dismiss that possibility entirely. About half of U.S. jobs are at high risk of being automated, according to a University of Oxford stud、y, with the middle class disproportionately squeezed. Lower-income jobs like gardening or day care dont appeal to robots. But many middleclass occupations-trucking, financial advice, software engineering have aroused their interest, or soon will. The rich own the robots, so they will be fine.This is


共用题干
第二篇

In many of the developinlg countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of the family?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.
One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different. Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.
However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia, for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.
Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of womnen in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.
Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive ,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.
These trends show that an effective programn to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet theii needs.Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success.

In a traditional agricultural economy,a large family_________.
A:can be an advantage
B:may limit income
C:isn't necessary
D:is expensive

答案:A
解析:
根据文章第二段我们知道“在传统的农业经济中,家庭成员多是十分有利的。孩子多就意味着田里的劳动力多,而且有人给父母养老”。因此选项A是正确的。
文章第二段以意大利为例证明了国家工业化以后,人口出生率就会降低的观点。因此只有选项B是正确的。
文章第二段的叙述说明如今的意大利是一个工业化、低出生率的国家。因此选项C是正确的。
文章第三段第一句话告诉我们经济并不是唯一影响出生率的重要因素,这暗示了接下来会讲一些其他影响出生率的因素。文章以沙特阿拉伯为例就是为了证明这一点。因此选项B是正确的。
文章第四段后半部分讲到这些国家的政府采取措施为妇女提供更多的教育和机会来改善妇女的生活状况。因此选项D是正确的。


共用题干
第二篇

In many of the developinlg countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of the family?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.
One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different. Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.
However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia, for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.
Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of womnen in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.
Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive ,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.
These trends show that an effective programn to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet theii needs.Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success.

According to this passage,Italy today is an example of an__________.
A:agricultural country with a high birth rate
B:agricultural country with a low birth rate
C:industrialized country with a low birth rate
D:industrialized country with a high birth rate

答案:C
解析:
根据文章第二段我们知道“在传统的农业经济中,家庭成员多是十分有利的。孩子多就意味着田里的劳动力多,而且有人给父母养老”。因此选项A是正确的。
文章第二段以意大利为例证明了国家工业化以后,人口出生率就会降低的观点。因此只有选项B是正确的。
文章第二段的叙述说明如今的意大利是一个工业化、低出生率的国家。因此选项C是正确的。
文章第三段第一句话告诉我们经济并不是唯一影响出生率的重要因素,这暗示了接下来会讲一些其他影响出生率的因素。文章以沙特阿拉伯为例就是为了证明这一点。因此选项B是正确的。
文章第四段后半部分讲到这些国家的政府采取措施为妇女提供更多的教育和机会来改善妇女的生活状况。因此选项D是正确的。


共用题干
第二篇

In many of the developinlg countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of the family?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.
One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different. Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.
However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia, for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.
Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of womnen in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.
Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive ,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.
These trends show that an effective programn to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet theii needs.Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success.

When countries become industrialized,________.
A:families often become larger
B:the birth rate generally goes down
C:women usually decide not to have a family
D:the population generally grows rapidly

答案:B
解析:
根据文章第二段我们知道“在传统的农业经济中,家庭成员多是十分有利的。孩子多就意味着田里的劳动力多,而且有人给父母养老”。因此选项A是正确的。
文章第二段以意大利为例证明了国家工业化以后,人口出生率就会降低的观点。因此只有选项B是正确的。
文章第二段的叙述说明如今的意大利是一个工业化、低出生率的国家。因此选项C是正确的。
文章第三段第一句话告诉我们经济并不是唯一影响出生率的重要因素,这暗示了接下来会讲一些其他影响出生率的因素。文章以沙特阿拉伯为例就是为了证明这一点。因此选项B是正确的。
文章第四段后半部分讲到这些国家的政府采取措施为妇女提供更多的教育和机会来改善妇女的生活状况。因此选项D是正确的。


共用题干
第二篇

In many of the developinlg countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of the family?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.
One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different. Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.
However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia, for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.
Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of womnen in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.
Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive ,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.
These trends show that an effective programn to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet theii needs.Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success.

In Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia,the government________.
A:is not concerned about the status of women
B:has tried to industrialize the. country rapidly
C:does not allow women to work outside the home
D:has tried to improve the condition of women

答案:D
解析:
根据文章第二段我们知道“在传统的农业经济中,家庭成员多是十分有利的。孩子多就意味着田里的劳动力多,而且有人给父母养老”。因此选项A是正确的。
文章第二段以意大利为例证明了国家工业化以后,人口出生率就会降低的观点。因此只有选项B是正确的。
文章第二段的叙述说明如今的意大利是一个工业化、低出生率的国家。因此选项C是正确的。
文章第三段第一句话告诉我们经济并不是唯一影响出生率的重要因素,这暗示了接下来会讲一些其他影响出生率的因素。文章以沙特阿拉伯为例就是为了证明这一点。因此选项B是正确的。
文章第四段后半部分讲到这些国家的政府采取措施为妇女提供更多的教育和机会来改善妇女的生活状况。因此选项D是正确的。


共用题干
第一篇

Why So Many Children

In many of the developing countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for
this is simple.Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The
majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so
many children?Why don't they limit the size of their families?There are several reasons for this.
One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more
children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an
industrial economy,the situation is different.Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an ex-
pense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was
industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely
agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War II,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and
industrialized. By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.
However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia,for exam-
pie,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the
world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia,on the other hand,are
poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.
Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth
rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high
birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few
possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand,and
indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to
provide more education and opportunities for women.
Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no
way to do so.In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive,birth
rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,
Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning
their families.These trends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not have to de-
pend on better economic conditions.

When countries become industrialized,_________.
A:the birth rate generally goes down
B:families often become larger
C:women usually decide not to have a family
D:the population generally grows rapidly

答案:A
解析:
由文章第二段第二、三句话“In a traditional agricultural economy, large families are help-ful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of theparents in old age.”可知,在传统的农业经济中,家庭成员多是一种优势。故选B。
由文章第二段第六句话“Thus , industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.”可知,当一个国家工业化后,其人口出生率就降低了。故选A。
由文章第二段的内容可知,意大利工业化后,其人口出生率就降低了,是低人口出生率的工业化国家的一个例子。故选C。
文章第三段的第一句提到“However, the economy is not the only important factor thatinfluences birth rate.",下面以沙特阿拉伯为例介绍了除经济以外影响出生率的因素。故选D。
由文章第四段后半部分“On the other hand, the improved condition of women in Mexico, Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.”可知,墨西哥、泰国和 印度尼西亚的政府都已采取措施改善女性的境况。


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考题 共用题干 Why So Many ChildrenIn many of the developing countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate—from 3 .0 to 7.0 chil-dren per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families .Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of their fami-lies?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.One reason is economic .In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful. Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different.Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate .This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate .After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Ara-bia,for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia,on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.Thiswould explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia .There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the im-proved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and oppotunities for women.Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so.In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.These trends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not have to de-pend on better economic conditions.It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet their needs .Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success. According to this passage,in the early part of 20th century,Italy was an____.A: agricultural country with a high birth rateB: agricultural country with a low birth rateC: industrialized country with a low birth rateD:.industrialized country with a high birth rate答案:A解析:本题的问题是:在传统的农业经济中,大的家庭的影响是什么?从文中第二段第二句和第三句话可以得出明确的答案。“ In a traditional agricultural economy , large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.”所以答案为A,是优势。 本题的问题是:当国家工业化后,人口和出生率的状况是什么?从第二段意大利的例子可以明确得出答案。“In the early part of the twentieth century , Italy was a poor, largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.”由此可见出生率降低。 本题的问题是:本文举出意大利的例子要说明什么?从第二段意大利的前后对比的情况可以看出正确答案为A。 本题的问题是:文中提到沙特阿拉伯的例子说明了什么? 由第三段开头可知“However , the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.”下面将要介绍其他的因素,之后以沙特阿拉伯为例。故正确答案为B。经济以外影响出生率的因素。 本题的问题是:墨西哥、泰国、印度尼西亚的政府采取了怎样的措施?从文中第四段后半部分“On the other hand , the improved condition of women in Mexico , Thailand, and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.”可以得出结论。另一方面从第四段开头也可以得出结论。“ The most important of these is the condition of women.”之后举出这几个国家的例子,从而也可以得出结论。

考题 单选题Passage1 In many of the developing countries in Africaand Asia, the population is growing fast. The reason for this is simple: Womenin these countries have a high birth rate - from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor, without the food or resources to care fortheir families. Why do they have so many children? Why don't they limit thesize of their families? The answer may be that they often have no choice. Thereare several reasons for this. Onereason is economiIn atraditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful. Having morechildren means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care ofthe parents in old age. In an industrial economy, the situation is different.Many children, do not help a family; instead, they are an expense. Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate. This was the casein Italy, which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly. In the earlypart of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor, largely agricultural countrywith a high birth rate. After World WarⅡ, Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrializeBy theend of the century, the birth rate had dropped to 1. 3 children per woman, theworld's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate. SaudiArabia, for example, does not have an agriculture-based economy, and it has oneof the highest per capita incomes in the worlNevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate. Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries, with largely agricultural economies, but they have recentlyreduced their population growth. Clearly,other factors are involveThemost important of these is the condition of women. A high birth rate almostalways goes together with lack of education and low status for women. Thiswould explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia. There, the traditionalculture gives women little education or independence and few possibilitiesoutside the home. On the other hand, the improved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand, and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education andopportunities for women. Anotherkey factor in the birth rate is birth control. Women may want to limit theirfamilies but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have madebirth control easily available and inexpensive, birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore, Sri Lanka, and India, as well as in Indonesia,Thailand, Mexico, and Brazil. In these countries, women have also been providedwith health care and help in planning their families. Thesetrends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not haveto depend on better economic conditions.3 It can be effective if it aims tohelp women and meet their needs. Only then, in fact, does it have any realchance of success. (495 words) According to this passage, Italy today is an example of an _______.A agricultural country with a high birth rateB agricultural country with a low birth rateC industrialized country with a low birth rateD industrialized country with a high birth rate正确答案: B 解析:

考题 共用题干 Why So Many ChildrenIn many of the developing countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate—from 3 .0 to 7.0 chil-dren per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families .Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of their fami-lies?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.One reason is economic .In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful. Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different.Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate .This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate .After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Ara-bia,for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia,on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.Thiswould explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia .There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the im-proved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and oppotunities for women.Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so.In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.These trends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not have to de-pend on better economic conditions.It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet their needs .Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success. When countries become industrialized____.A: families often become largerB: the birth rate generally goes downC:.women usually decide not have a familyD:.the population generally grows rapidly答案:B解析:本题的问题是:在传统的农业经济中,大的家庭的影响是什么?从文中第二段第二句和第三句话可以得出明确的答案。“ In a traditional agricultural economy , large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.”所以答案为A,是优势。 本题的问题是:当国家工业化后,人口和出生率的状况是什么?从第二段意大利的例子可以明确得出答案。“In the early part of the twentieth century , Italy was a poor, largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.”由此可见出生率降低。 本题的问题是:本文举出意大利的例子要说明什么?从第二段意大利的前后对比的情况可以看出正确答案为A。 本题的问题是:文中提到沙特阿拉伯的例子说明了什么? 由第三段开头可知“However , the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.”下面将要介绍其他的因素,之后以沙特阿拉伯为例。故正确答案为B。经济以外影响出生率的因素。 本题的问题是:墨西哥、泰国、印度尼西亚的政府采取了怎样的措施?从文中第四段后半部分“On the other hand , the improved condition of women in Mexico , Thailand, and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.”可以得出结论。另一方面从第四段开头也可以得出结论。“ The most important of these is the condition of women.”之后举出这几个国家的例子,从而也可以得出结论。

考题 单选题Passage1 In many of the developing countries in Africaand Asia, the population is growing fast. The reason for this is simple: Womenin these countries have a high birth rate - from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor, without the food or resources to care fortheir families. Why do they have so many children? Why don't they limit thesize of their families? The answer may be that they often have no choice. Thereare several reasons for this. Onereason is economiIn atraditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful. Having morechildren means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care ofthe parents in old age. In an industrial economy, the situation is different.Many children, do not help a family; instead, they are an expense. Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate. This was the casein Italy, which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly. In the earlypart of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor, largely agricultural countrywith a high birth rate. After World WarⅡ, Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrializeBy theend of the century, the birth rate had dropped to 1. 3 children per woman, theworld's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate. SaudiArabia, for example, does not have an agriculture-based economy, and it has oneof the highest per capita incomes in the worlNevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate. Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries, with largely agricultural economies, but they have recentlyreduced their population growth. Clearly,other factors are involveThemost important of these is the condition of women. A high birth rate almostalways goes together with lack of education and low status for women. Thiswould explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia. There, the traditionalculture gives women little education or independence and few possibilitiesoutside the home. On the other hand, the improved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand, and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education andopportunities for women. Anotherkey factor in the birth rate is birth control. Women may want to limit theirfamilies but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have madebirth control easily available and inexpensive, birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore, Sri Lanka, and India, as well as in Indonesia,Thailand, Mexico, and Brazil. In these countries, women have also been providedwith health care and help in planning their families. Thesetrends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not haveto depend on better economic conditions.3 It can be effective if it aims tohelp women and meet their needs. Only then, in fact, does it have any realchance of success. (495 words) In a traditional agricultural economy, a large family_______.A can be an advantageB may limit incomeC isn't necessaryD is expensive正确答案: D 解析:

考题 共用题干 第一篇Why So Many ChildrenIn many of the developing countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple.Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of their families?There are several reasons for this.One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different.Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an ex- pense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War II,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized. By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia,for exam- pie,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia,on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand,and indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so.In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand, Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.These trends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not have to de- pend on better economic conditions.In Mexico,as in Thailand and Indonesia,the government_________.A:is not concerned about the status of womenB:has tried to improve the condition of womenC:has tried to industrialize the country rapidly D:does not allow women to work outside the home答案:B解析:由文章第二段第二、三句话“In a traditional agricultural economy, large families are help-ful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of theparents in old age.”可知,在传统的农业经济中,家庭成员多是一种优势。故选B。由文章第二段第六句话“Thus , industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.”可知,当一个国家工业化后,其人口出生率就降低了。故选A。由文章第二段的内容可知,意大利工业化后,其人口出生率就降低了,是低人口出生率的工业化国家的一个例子。故选C。文章第三段的第一句提到“However, the economy is not the only important factor thatinfluences birth rate.",下面以沙特阿拉伯为例介绍了除经济以外影响出生率的因素。故选D。由文章第四段后半部分“On the other hand, the improved condition of women in Mexico, Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.”可知,墨西哥、泰国和 印度尼西亚的政府都已采取措施改善女性的境况。

考题 共用题干 第一篇Why So Many ChildrenIn many of the developing countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple.Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of their families?There are several reasons for this.One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different.Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an ex- pense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War II,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized. By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia,for exam- pie,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia,on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand,and indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so.In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand, Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.These trends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not have to de- pend on better economic conditions.Saudi Arabia is mentioned because it shows that_________.A:the most important factor influencing birth rate is the economyB:women who have a high income usually have few childrenC:the birth rate depends on per capita incomeD:factors other than the economy influence birth rate答案:D解析:由文章第二段第二、三句话“In a traditional agricultural economy, large families are help-ful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of theparents in old age.”可知,在传统的农业经济中,家庭成员多是一种优势。故选B。由文章第二段第六句话“Thus , industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.”可知,当一个国家工业化后,其人口出生率就降低了。故选A。由文章第二段的内容可知,意大利工业化后,其人口出生率就降低了,是低人口出生率的工业化国家的一个例子。故选C。文章第三段的第一句提到“However, the economy is not the only important factor thatinfluences birth rate.",下面以沙特阿拉伯为例介绍了除经济以外影响出生率的因素。故选D。由文章第四段后半部分“On the other hand, the improved condition of women in Mexico, Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.”可知,墨西哥、泰国和 印度尼西亚的政府都已采取措施改善女性的境况。

考题 共用题干 The Dangers of Second-hand SmokeMost people know that cigarette smoking is harmful to their health.Scientific research shows that it causes many kinds of diseases.In fact,many people who smoke get lung cancer.However,Edward Gilson has lung cancer,and he has never smoked cigarettes.He lives with his wife Evelyn,who has smoked about a pack of cigarettes a day throughout their marriage.______(46) No one knows for sure why Mr.Gilson has lung cancer.Nevertheless,doctors believe that second-hand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other people's cigarettes.______(47) The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53,000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to second-hand smoke.The smoke that comes from a lit cigarette contains many different poisonous chemicals.In the past, scientists did not think that these chemicals could harm a nonsmoker's health._______(48)They discovered that even nonsmokers had unhealthy amounts of these toxic chemicals in their bodies.As a matter of fact,almost all of us breathe tobacco smoke at times,whether we realize it or not.For example,we can not avoid second-hand smoke in restaurants,hotels and other public places.Even though many public places have nonsmoking areas,smoke flows in from the areas where smoking is permitted.It is even harder for children to avoid second-hand smoke______(49)Research shows that children who are exposed to second-hand smoke are sick more often than children who live in homes where no one smokes and that the children of smokers are more than twice as likely to develop lung cancer when they are adults as are children of nonsmokers.The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke.People are becoming very aware of the dangers of second-hand smoke.______(50)______(47)A:Recently,though,scientists changed their opinion after they studied a large group of nonsmokers.B:The Gilsons have been married for 35 years.C:This smoke is called second-hand smoke.D:However,second-hand smoke is dangerous to all people,old or young.E:As a result,they have passed laws which prohibit people from smoking in many public places.F:In the United States,nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.答案:C解析:前面一句主要讲的是,Gilson先生与妻子Evelyn生活在一起,而Evelyn自他们结婚以来一直是每天差不多抽一包烟。接下来显然应选表示他们结婚年限的句子。再者,只有B项提到了Gilsons,并与上文紧密相关。故选B。前面一句提到,不吸烟者时常会吸人吸烟者吸烟时呼出的烟。看选项后,联系上下文可知,只有C项(这种烟被称为二手烟)符合语境。故选C。前面一句讲的是过去科学家们认为这些化学物质不会伤害一个不吸烟者的健康。后面一句讲的是研究发现甚至是不吸烟者体内也有大量的有毒物质。此处应表示他们改变了看法并对此做了研究调查。故选A。本段讲述了二手烟对儿童的影响,此处的句子自然应与儿童有关。故选F。前面一句讲的是人们逐渐意识到二手烟的危害,因此接下来的句子应表示人们采取措施来减少二手烟的危害。故选E。

考题 共用题干 第一篇Why So Many ChildrenIn many of the developing countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple.Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of their families?There are several reasons for this.One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different.Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an ex- pense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War II,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized. By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia,for exam- pie,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia,on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand,and indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so.In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand, Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.These trends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not have to de- pend on better economic conditions.In a traditional agricultural economy,a large family_________.A:may limit incomeB:can be an advantageC:isn't necessaryD:is expensive答案:B解析:由文章第二段第二、三句话“In a traditional agricultural economy, large families are help-ful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of theparents in old age.”可知,在传统的农业经济中,家庭成员多是一种优势。故选B。由文章第二段第六句话“Thus , industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.”可知,当一个国家工业化后,其人口出生率就降低了。故选A。由文章第二段的内容可知,意大利工业化后,其人口出生率就降低了,是低人口出生率的工业化国家的一个例子。故选C。文章第三段的第一句提到“However, the economy is not the only important factor thatinfluences birth rate.",下面以沙特阿拉伯为例介绍了除经济以外影响出生率的因素。故选D。由文章第四段后半部分“On the other hand, the improved condition of women in Mexico, Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.”可知,墨西哥、泰国和 印度尼西亚的政府都已采取措施改善女性的境况。

考题 单选题How should you signal the crane operator to move slowly().A Use one hand to give any motion signal,and place the other hand motionless in front of the hand giving the motion signaB Extend arm with the thumb pointing up,and flex the fingers in and out for as long as the load movement is desiredC First tap your elbow with one hand and then proceed to use regular signalsD First tap the top of your head with your fist and then proceed to use regular signals正确答案: D 解析: 暂无解析

考题 共用题干 Why So Many ChildrenIn many of the developing countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate—from 3 .0 to 7.0 chil-dren per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families .Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of their fami-lies?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.One reason is economic .In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful. Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different.Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate .This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate .After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Ara-bia,for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia,on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.Thiswould explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia .There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the im-proved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and oppotunities for women.Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so.In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.These trends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not have to de-pend on better economic conditions.It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet their needs .Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success. In Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia,the government____.A: is not concerned about the status of womenB: has tried to industrialize the country rapidlyC: does not allow women to work outside the homeD: has tried to improve the condition of women答案:D解析:本题的问题是:在传统的农业经济中,大的家庭的影响是什么?从文中第二段第二句和第三句话可以得出明确的答案。“ In a traditional agricultural economy , large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.”所以答案为A,是优势。 本题的问题是:当国家工业化后,人口和出生率的状况是什么?从第二段意大利的例子可以明确得出答案。“In the early part of the twentieth century , Italy was a poor, largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.”由此可见出生率降低。 本题的问题是:本文举出意大利的例子要说明什么?从第二段意大利的前后对比的情况可以看出正确答案为A。 本题的问题是:文中提到沙特阿拉伯的例子说明了什么? 由第三段开头可知“However , the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.”下面将要介绍其他的因素,之后以沙特阿拉伯为例。故正确答案为B。经济以外影响出生率的因素。 本题的问题是:墨西哥、泰国、印度尼西亚的政府采取了怎样的措施?从文中第四段后半部分“On the other hand , the improved condition of women in Mexico , Thailand, and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.”可以得出结论。另一方面从第四段开头也可以得出结论。“ The most important of these is the condition of women.”之后举出这几个国家的例子,从而也可以得出结论。